What is mined in Yamalo Nenets Autonomous District. Government departments. Minerals of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

The relief of the territory of the area is plain, consisting of tundra and timber tundra with many lakes and swamps, and mountainous part. Mountain array, located in the west of the district, extends 200 km, reaching the height to 1.5 thousand meters.

Water resources of the region differ in wealth and variety. These include: the coast of the Kara Sea, numerous bays and lips, rivers, lakes, swamps and groundwater. Obskaya Lip - the Bay of the Kara Sea, is one of the largest sea bays of the Russian Arctic, its area is 44,000 km². On the territory of the district there are about 300 thousand lakes and 48 thousand rivers, the largest of which are Ob in its mouth, as well as the River Nadym, Taz (River) and Pur. Ob River, one of the most extended in Russia, flows within the county two powerful sleeves. The presence of lakes, most of which are ice origin - one of characteristic features Landscape of Yamalo-Nenets JSC. Underground waters are characterized by a huge Artesian pool of 3 million km², including the reserves of thermal waters.

The region takes one of the leading places in Russia in the reserves of hydrocarbons, especially natural gas and oil. The following deposits are located on the territory of the district:

1. Urengoy Gas Deposit

2. South-Russian Oil and Gas Depositor

3. Nakhodka Gas field

4. Yamburg oil and gas condensate field

5. Its-Purovskoe petroleum field

The state balance is taken into account 136 fields (62 oil, 6 oil and gas, 9 gas-oil, 59 oil and gas condensate), explored reserved reserves in which 14.49% of all oil reserves of Russia. 37 deposits are being developed, the annual production was 8.5%. Of the 136 deposits in the district, one unique is Russian, with oil reserves - 16.15% of the district and 30 large, on which 67.25% of reserves and 69.1% of the oil production are focused. The accumulated oil production ranges 375.2 million tons.

About 600 thousand goals of the northern home deer are drawn up on 50 million hectares of the tundra. Nature covered here 70 percent of world reserves of sigal fish (Muksun, Gorbow, Nelma).

General characteristics of deposits

The Yamburg oil and gas condensate field (Yangkm) is the gas field, gas condensate and oil field. Opened in 1969. Located in the Polar part of the West Siberian Plain, on the Taza Peninsula in the subarctic zone. Landscape - tundra weakweight plain with a thick network of rivers, streams, lakes, swamps. The thickness of the eternal freezlot reaches 400 meters. The coldest month is January with an average temperature minus 25 degrees Celsius. Often the temperature drops to 55 and below. The minus temperature of 63 degrees (January 2006) is registered. Industrial gas content is installed in the Senomanian and non-wing sediments. Yangkm size - 170 by 50 kilometers. According to VNIISIsubebengology, the Yamburg field ranks third in the world in the initial removable gas reserves.

According to the administrative and territorial division, the northern territory of the field is located in Tazovsky, and South - in the Nadym district of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The development of the deposit began in 1980 (see Yamburg). The development license belongs to Gazprom Mining Yamburg LLC - 100% subsidiary of OAO Gazprom.

The opening of the Yamburg and other deposits geologists prepared on the "peak" of the Great Patriotic War. In 1943, the first of their groups broke the tents in the area of \u200b\u200bthe River Taz, Pur, Mesois.

In 1959, oil and gas search works in the territory of the Tazovsky district resumed. In 1961, geological surveys landed on the site of the current village and began drilling a well No. 1. The penetration of the brigade of Master N. I. Razdina. September 27, 1962 "hit" gas. A year later, a Taza petrolevocation expedition was formed with a place of basing in the new mangazee. The head of the expedition was appointed V. T. Podareakin, the main geologist of P. Fastrov. On November 30, 1963, gas was obtained on the second well. Drilling led the team of Master N. I. Razdina. So the Tazovskoye deposit was opened. On October 18, 1965, the expedition was opened by the Polar oil and gas condensate field. The 60-70 years marked for the expedition of a whole series of major discoveries, in this series the largest - Urengoy and Yamburg.

In the 1965-1966 season, the uppermal deposits of the Yamburg Square to exploratory drilling were prepared.

In 1968, landing geophysicians under the leadership of Leonid Kabaeva, in the future of the Lenin Prize laureate, landed on this site. The trace of the subsoil of the Tazovskaya petroailing expedition came next. Stocks were expected huge.

In his memories, Geologist F. K. Salmanov tells how the Yamburg deposit found: "At the end of April 1969 it was decided to deliver a drilling rig with Tazovskaya at the Yamburg Square. The whole of May was a delivered equipment of equipment and materials. In July, Brigade Anatoly Grebenkina finished the installation and immediately the Brigade of the Drill Masters V. V. Romanova began counting the first meters of penetration of the Yamburg well. August 13 reached the design depth and when testing the well gave a powerful gas fountain. Painted by success, the novels went to its protrusion on the wings of the deposits east. And some more wells got into the contour. "

In 1972, the Brigade of the Drill Masters V. V. Polipanova completed the penetration deep well On the Yamburg Square. The test was entrusted with a specially formed brigade, headed by the master Alexey Soytsev.

In the XIX century, the expedition of the scientist Yu. M. Koshelevsky arrived at these lands to establish the boundaries of the medieval settlement - the mangaze of the "cereal", which existed on the Taz River in the XVII century. The expedition arrived at the extreme north of the empire on schoon called "Taz". The head of the campaign was native of Yamburg. So called the first city of Kingisepp, located near St. Petersburg.

During swimming, the scientist was a map of the Taza Peninsula. It is assumed that the name of Cape Yumborg, ("the closure kokes") reminded him of the name of his hometown. So one of the triangular land plots penetrated into the Taza lip, received the names of Yamburg. In Soviet times, the factor of Yamburg appeared in the sovereign.

On the site of the current Watching village of Yamburg, the researcher left a white stain. "Terra incognita" is an unknown land. It is assumed that Yamburg Square was named after the factory, and later the Yamburg field.

There is another toponymic version according to which the territory on which the field is located is originally called Yampur - gray swamp. Then he was renamed Yamburg.

During the period of operation of the Yamburg oil and gas condensate field, Gazprom Mining Yamburg - 100% subsidiary of OAO Gazprom - produced more than 3 trillion cubic meters of gas and about 18 million tons of gas condensate. The preparation of gas for transportation is carried out on 9 installations of comprehensive gas preparation (UKHPG) (1-7, 9 and 1B) and on 5 installations of the preliminary preparation of gas (UEV) (GP-1 PPG (former UKPG-8), 4A, 10, 2V , 3B).

The closest prospect of the field is the development of its peripheral sites. Extraction at Aerijahinskaya Square began in 2004, in January 2005, Aerjahinskaya Square was replaced with design capacity (10 billion cubic meters per year).

In early December 2006, the first manufacturing gas was filed with the installation of comprehensive gas preparation (UKHPG-9) of the Harwutin Square of Yangkm in the Main Gas Pipeline. In 2007, the installation of preliminary preparation of gas (UPPG-10) was put into operation, due to this, by 2008 it is planned to be achieved in the Harwutian complex of the annual production of 25 billion m³ of gas.

The infrastructure of the Yamburg in the future will be used to prepare the gas located near the deposits.

General geological reserves are estimated by 8.2 trillion m³ of natural gas. Residual geological reserves is 5.2 trillion m³ of natural gas and 42.31% of the total geological reserves of the Yamburg field.

Urengoic field of natural gas is a large gas field, the world's second largest reservoir reserves, which exceed 10 trillion cubic meters (10¹³ m³). Located in the Yamalo-Nenetsman JSC of the Tyumen Region of Russia, a little south of the Northern Polar Circle. The name is given by the name of the nearby social Point - Urengoy village. Subsequently near the field, the city of Gasovikov New Urengoy rose.

The deposit was open in June 1966, the seismic station of the Urengoy structure was the seismic station V. Tsybenko. The first on Urengoy exploration well was drilled on July 6, 1966 by the master of Master V. Semi-Poennova. Freeding at the field began in 1978. On 25 February 1981, the first one hundred billion cubic meters of natural gas was produced at the Urengoy field. Since January 1984, gas from the Urengoy field begins to export to Western Europe.

The state of the Operational Fund of the Urengoy field is more than 1,300 wells. Production at the field is carried out by OOO Gazprom Mining Urengoy (previously "Urengoyigazprom") and Gazprom Mining Mining LLC - Gazprom subsidiaries. Natural gas production in 2007 amounted to 223 billion cubic meters.

General geological reserves are estimated at 16 trillion m³ of natural gas. Residual geological reserves are 10.5 trillion m³ of natural gas and 65.63% of the general geological reserves of the Urengoy field.

South Russian oil and gas field - located in the Krasnoselkup district of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, one of the largest in Russia. Deposit reserves are: gas in the category ABC1 - 825.2 billion m³, according to category C2 - 208.9 billion m³, oil - 5.7 million tons.

The License for the development of the field belongs to the company "Severneftegazprom", the subsidiary of Gazprom. The field was officially put into operation on December 18, 2007 by Gazprom and BASF companies (it is expected that the German company E.ON will also be logged in the project, but in fact mining on it began at the end of October 2007. The construction of infrastructure at the field is carried out since March 2006. The South-Russian deposit will be the main resource base of the North European gas pipeline.

The production plan for the 2008 deposit is 10 billion m³ of gas, since 2009 - 25 billion m³ per year. Actual investment in the deposit in 2005-2008. amounted to 133 billion rubles.

The Nakhodka gas field is the Natural Gas deposit of the Natural gas in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District of Russia. Deposit reserves are estimated at 275.3 billion m³ of gas. Design capacity of the field - in the region of 10 billion m³ per year.

The field was opened by the Tazovskaya Oil and Osperture Expedition on January 30, 1974. The arrangement of the Nakhodka deposit began in November 2003, operational drilling - in February 2004. Commissioned in April 2005.

The development of the field is carried out by LUKOIL-West Siberia LLC, owned by LUKOIL; The mined gas is sold to Gazprom.

Yet-Purovskoye oil field - an oil field in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District of Russia, in the city of Noyabrsk. The License for the development of the field is owned by Gazprom Neft ("Sibneft-Noyabrskneftegaz").

The deposit was opened in 1982; His Development and Development began only in 2003. Deposit reserves in categories A, B, C1 are 20 million tons of high-quality light oil and another 20 million tons - according to C2 category.

In early 2007, a fountaining oil well was registered with a daily rate of approximately 400 tons of oil, which is one of the record indicators for Western Siberia.

The mineral resource base of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District is unique and is represented by a variety of minerals, which creates the reliable basis for the social and economic development of the region. Today we can say that oil and gas production ensures economic stability in the region. In his annual message, the Governor of Yamalo - Nenets Autonomous Okrug by the population and the State Duma, Yuri Vasilyevich Neelaov, notes: "The fuel and energy complex will remain a few decades the foundation of the district economy. However, it is necessary to use each possibility to reduce the dependence of our budget from the extraction of hydrocarbons, especially since the global price is very unstable. "

Currently, YNAO is the main gas supplier in Russia, its production is carried out mainly due to the gas giants located in the basins of the Nadym River, Pura and the pelvis, as well as on the Yamal Peninsula. In the near future, large deposits of Gydan will begin to be developed - the morning and geophysical.

Among the mineral resources focused on the territory of the Yamalo - the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, in its importance for the modern economy, the first place is hydrocarbon raw materials and gas.

From the history of the fuel and energy complex

In the twentieth century, a unique fuel and energy complex was created in the north of Western Siberia. Large-scale geophysical studies and drilling work began in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District in 1948.

Before the start of the sixties, all geology was aimed at assessing the Unified West Siberian region. The first, the fundamental stage ended in 1964 by opening gas in the Taza district. His results, confirming the high prospects for the subsoil of the North, marked the beginning of a planned, scientifically reproving search for the search focused on providing mining sectors of the national economy, explored oil and gas reserves. The next major discovery was the Novoportovskoye field. It has become a reference point in the attack on Yamal. Drilling brigades went from here to the north, to the center of the peninsula, to the coast of the Kara Sea. Arctic, Neighty, later Rostov, Harasawa, Malyginsky deposits, one of the giants of Yamal - Bovanenkovskoye deposit with reserves of about 5 trillion. cubic meters of gas. The Yamal Peninsula declared itself with richest reserves, Paleozoic gas was added to Mesozoa - a new horizon.

Following Tazovsky geologists opened the Polar field - in 1965. This discovery must be considered historical, a new energy policy of our country began with it, oriented to Western Siberia as the main source of energy. Polar reserves are 3.5 trillion cubic meters of gas. Soon the opening of Tyumen geologists spoke the whole world.

Oil and gas potion region

The oil and gas potion of the region is primarily associated with the Mesozoic sedimentary strata, the Cases of the West Siberian Plate. In recent years, the presence of hydrocarbon deposits and the Paleozoic rocks of the foundation of the slab has been established, however, the colirations of oil and gas industrial scale in them have not yet been detected.

The Mesozoic oil and gas pool covers the entire plain part of the district and the adjacent water area of \u200b\u200bthe Arctic Ocean. It is divided into 9 oil and gas areas: Ust-Yenisei, Yuzhno-Yamalskaya, Mes Ourssian-Balahninskaya, Zauralskaya, Nadym, Urengoyskaya, Pur-Tazovskaya, Nurminsko-Alexandrovskaya and Yamalo-Gydan. The five recent regions are characterized by the highest density of hydrocarbon resources. It is in them that the currently known gas giants that currently give the bulk of gas production in the region are located.

Industrial deposits of hydrocarbons of the Mesozoic oil and gas pool are confined to Jurassic sediments consisting of alternating layers of clays, sands and aleurites. These sandy-clay deposits form geological structures - vaults, shafts in which oil and gas deposits are placed. The power of Jurassic and chalk sedimentary thickness gradually increases from the southern districts of the district to the northern. In the same direction, the amount of hydrocarbons concluded in depths is growing. In the water area of \u200b\u200bthe Kara Sea, the thickness of Jurassic oil and gas precipitation reaches 8 km. The reserves of hydrocarbon raw materials in the Mesozoic strata of the equal part of the district are truly huge. There are more than 200 deposits on this territory, of which 24 gas and 64 oil. The remaining deposits are complex - oil and gas, gas condensate and oil and gas condensate. 19 of them are unique in stocks.

For example, the Urengoy oil and gas condensate field is one of the world's largest. It is located on the left bank. PUR and stretched in the meridional direction 180 km with a medium width of about 35 km. Gas condensate deposits are located in nodule sediments at a depth of 2300-3100 meters. Gas condensate is a vapor mixture of gas and condensate, which consists mainly of kerosene and gasoline. This field for each cubic meter of gas accounts for 200 cubic meters. See condensate.

Another largest gas field - bearish - extended from r. Right Hetta to the Ob Lip at a distance of 120 km and consists of three deposits, of which two gas condensate and one gas.

The reserves of hydrocarbon raw materials

The oil and gas complex is the basis of the economy and the normal functioning of all branches of the economy and the social structure of the Autonomous Okrug.

The world's largest base of hydrocarbon raw materials in the world in the world in Western Siberian, and the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District became the main supplier of natural gas in Russia: 205 gas, gas-condensate, oil and oil and oil and oil, gas condensate, oil and oil and gas condensate deposits, including the largest hydrocarbon reserves In the world, such as Urengoy, Yamburg, Polar, Bovanienkovskoye, South-Russian.

According to the latest data on the assessment of potential resources, oil and gas sediments within the territory of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District are, to a greater extent promising for gas. The density of initial potential free gas resources on average on the area is estimated at 200 million cubic meters / km. kV; Removed oil - about 40 thousand tons / km. sq.

The living space has become a supporting point of civilization, gathered thousands of high-class gazoviki specialists, builders who have been equipped and exploited by deposits. Gas volumes, condensate in the depths of Yamal - fantastic!

The gigantic oil and gas province of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District is not limited to the continental part of the West Siberian Plate. It continues in the Kara Sea, where the Karskaya oil and gas region is allocated geologists.

Within its limits, two largest gas fields at a depth of 4000 meters are already open - Leningrad and Rusanovskoye, which occupy an area of \u200b\u200b3300 square meters. km.

Gas reserves in them are colossal - more than 10 thousand. cube m.

The opening of the world's largest oil and gas province in Western Siberia was predetermined in 1932 by the forecast of Academician I. M. Gubkin and was obliged to the intensive work of large groups of Russian scientists and geologists - practitioners who worked under the leadership of N. N. Rostovtsev, I. I. Nesterova, M . K. Korovina, Yu. G. Ervier, F. K. Salmanova, L. I. Ravenina, V. T. Podashikin and other outstanding specialists in the field of searches and exploration of hydrocarbon raw materials.

The Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, the production of hydrocarbons provides from the easily accessible horizons of the senoman, but everything is good ever ends. Yumal Governor Yuri Neelov, providing this situation, develops a strategy for exit to deeper horizons for oil and gas production. But it requires support for the federal center. It is necessary to develop regulatory documents of the federation, and Yamal has the opportunity to ensure enormous shipments of condensate to European consumers. Therefore, it is not by chance that Yuri Neelov pays serious attention to the problems of the revival of the Northern Sea Run, - for Yamal, according to the governor's estimates, this is the possibility of developing economic relations with Western Europe and Southeast Asia.

The legislative framework

Over the past decade of economic reforms in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, significant experience in the field of subsoil use has been accumulated, formed the legislative framework And the mechanism of state management of the natural resource potential of the autonomous district was developed, the basis of which constitutes the Constitution Russian Federation, Law of the Russian Federation "On Subsoil"

In accordance with Article 72 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the issues of ownership, use and disposal of subsoils, as well as the legislation on subsoils are in the joint joined of the Russian Federation and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. At the federal level, these legal relations are governed by the Law of the Russian Federation "On Subsoil", which defines the foundations of legal regulation of relations in the field of subsoil use, including the principles of delimitation of powers between federal bodies state power and government authorities of the Russian Federation.

In accordance with Article 11 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and Article 1-1 of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Subsoil", the delimitation of objects of conducting and powers between the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of state regulation of subsoil use can be carried out on the basis of agreements on the delimitation of objects and powers.

It should be noted that the state authorities of the Autonomous District in the period from 1996 to 1998 undertake a repeated attempt to conclude such a contract, which were not crowned with success. The absence of an agreement on the delimitation of items and powers between the state authorities of the Russian Federation and the authorities of the Autonomous District did not give legal grounds To conclude an agreement with the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation on the delimitation of items and powers in the field of subsoil use. This fact has its own certain negative consequences, because it did not clearly distinguish between the issues of referring to the competence of the Russian Federation and the issues and competence of the subject of the Russian Federation.

In this regard, the legal regulation of the activities of the state authorities of the Autonomous Okrug and the state authorities of the Russian Federation in the field of subsoil use on the territory of the Autonomous Okrug is carried out only on the basis of federal laws and adopted in accordance with them regulatory legal acts of the Autonomous Okrug.

The most significant of the current regulatory legal acts of the Autonomous District is the law of the Autonomous Okrug "On Subsoil and Subsoil Use in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District", adopted in 1997, which in detail regulates the procedure for the use of subsoils in the autonomous district. However, for the period of the indicated law of the Autonomous Okrug, the legislation of the Russian Federation about the subsoils underwent a change, in particular, the Law of the Russian Federation "On Subsoil" acts as amended on February 10, 1999 and January 2, 2000. In this regard, guided by the order of the Autonomous District administration of September 15, 2000 No. 1223-p, the Law of the Autonomous Okrug "On Subsoil and Subsoil Use in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District" is aligned with the federal legislation that entered into force in April 2001.

In the Autonomous District, work is consistently carried out on the development and improvement of the regulatory legal acts of the autonomous district regulating legal relations in the field of subsoil use.

Based on paragraph 12 of Article 4 of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Subsoil", paragraph 6 of Article 2 of the Federal Law "On Production Decansion Agreements", exercising legislative regulation of its participation in product sharing agreements when using the subsoil areas on its territory, in February 2000 adopted The Law of the Autonomous Okrug "On the participation of the INAO in the Production Decans". The specified law of the Autonomous Okrug regulates relations arising in the process of training, the conclusion and implementation of product sharing agreements in relation to the subsoil areas located on the territory of the Autonomous Okrug.

So, in April 1996, the State Duma of the Autonomous District in the state of the legislative initiative included in the State Duma Federal Assembly RF Project of the Federal Law "On the List of Oil and Gas Fields of the YNAO, developed on the terms of the Production Decree".

Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District took more than four years, so that at the federal level our initiatives for the translation of the subsoil sections were implemented on the MPR condition. Only now it is possible to realize the subsoil of the Autonomous Okrug of the Production Sharing Agreement on two sites.

In order to fulfill the functions of the state management of the natural resource potential of the Autonomous District, the Committee of Natural Resources on YNAO has been created and operate; Department of Natural Resource Regulation and Development of the Oil and Gas Complex of the Autonomous District Administration; Russia's first territorial data bank of primary geological and geophysical information; College in environmental management; Territorial commissions on oil and gas reserves, to develop oil, gas and gas condensate fields; on the issues of product sharing agreements, which include representatives of the executive branch and federal executive bodies or their territorial bodies; Territorial company of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug natural resources and subsoil use. By carrying out their functions and fulfilling the tasks assigned to them, the joint efforts of these bodies in the autonomous district are implemented by the authority, referred to Article 4 of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Subsoil" to the competence of the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

In general, the mechanism of state regulation of subsoil use relations created in the autonomous district makes it possible to take into account the interests of the autonomous district, and the interests of the Russian Federation, and also ensures the effective interaction of the state authorities of the Autonomous Okrug and the state authorities of the Russian Federation in the field of subsoil use.

As of 01.10.2000, the right to use subsoils for the purpose of geological study and the development of hydrocarbon deposits on the territory of the YNAO has 43 enterprises. In total, these enterprises received 147 licenses for the right to use subsoils, of which 44 on the geological study of the subsoil and 103 for the development and geological study of hydrocarbon deposits, of which 25 are on the basis of the contests and auctions. Another 16 licenses - the right to use subsoils obtained on the basis of competitions and auctions are in the design stage. The remaining licenses were obtained at one time on the basis of paragraph 19 of "Regulations on the procedure for licensing subsoils". The transition of the right to use plots of subsoil and renewal of licenses occurs in accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation "On Subsoil". For the entire period, 86 licenses were subjected to renewal. The main reason for renewal is a change in the organizational and legal form of the enterprise in connection with the release of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Joint-Stock Companies".

Gas industry

For almost twenty years, the Autonomous District is the main gas producing region of Russia, providing more than 90% of Russian gas production. On the territory of the district, which makes up 0.5% of the land area, more than a third of the explored natural gas reserves are concentrated, every fourth cubic meter of gas produced in the world, is Yamal. In the Autonomous Okrug, the production of natural gas produces 19 enterprises, the largest volume of mined gas falls on enterprises included in the vertically integrated system of Gazprom and registered in the district. In 2000, gas production was reduced by this enterprises compared with the previous year by 5.6% and amounted to 482.7 billion cubic meters. m.

There was a decrease in the volume of gas production at Yamburghadobych LLC by 5.6%, LLC Urengoyigazprom - by 8.1%. During the three recent years, gas production increases by 13% and amounted to 73.6 billion cubic meters. m, which is associated with the introduction of the Jamsovsky field.

On other enterprises account for 5% of the gas production in the district, in 2000 they produced 27.5 billion cubic meters. m., production volume increased in the last year by 2.9 times.

Urengoy - the main fuel and energy base of Russia, the scale and pace of the development of which are not analogs not only in our country, but also in the world. It was here in 1977 that Urengoyigazprom was organized for the extraction of hydrocarbon raw materials from a unique giant gas condensate field. The borders of the deposit are extensive: from the south to the north, its length is 230 km, and the width is from 30 to 60 km. The implementation of Urengoyagazprom plans required large material and financial costs. The arrangement of deposits was carried out in the harsh climatic conditions of the indoorry. Eternal Merzlot, Low Temperature, Writing Territory, High Environment Ensure complicated work on the creation of a modern highly efficient and economically advantageous gas producing complex. Much had to do for the first time: to drill and exploit wells in the conditions of permafrost, to build heavy duty crashes in a 50-degree frost.

Now Urengoyigazprom, in RAO Gazprom, is produced annually more than 240 billion cubic meters. M gas, more than 5340000 tons of condensate and about 825 thousand tons of oil.

The activities of the Unification of Urengoyigazprom develops in the following areas: geological exploration, production of hydrocarbon raw materials, its cleaning and recycling; Scientific and technical and design work; foreign economic activity; construction and repair of industrial and economic facilities; the creation and development of the infrastructure of the city of New Urengoy; Environmental protection.

Years of tense and fruitful work brought a union among the leading global companies in the extraction and processing of hydrocarbon raw materials. The achieved successes are not accidental, since since the creation of the union focused on high quality products, compliance with the stringent requirements of international standards.

Every year, Urengoyagazprom supplies gas, gas condensate, oil and products of their processing of consumers of many regions of the country, and also supplies gas outside Russia for interstate and intergovernmental agreements. Today, gas production and condensate Association mainly from the Senomanian and Valery gas condensate deposits with oil deferments. The bursting of the field is carried out by a bush method, which allows you to minimize the disruption of an extreme-frown surface arctic layer of tundra, restored after dozens of years. For the preparation of Senomanian gas, Urengoyigazprom used an effective technology of teeper in high-performance technological equipment, which ensures the required quality of the gas supplied at minimal costs. At low-temperature separation installations from in Alan-Zhinsky deposits, gas condensate is produced, passing further comprehensive processing. The main products of processing are: deeotic condensate, diesel fuel, gasoline, propane, butane. Urengoyagazprom in close contact with scientific organizations has developed an ejector technology for the disposal of low-pressure gases during the extraction and processing of gas condensate. Resource-saving technology developed by specialists and scientists of VNIigase, resource-saving technology allows you to minimize the emission of harmful substances.

Urengoyigazprom's policy is aimed at introducing progressive gas production and gas condensate technologies for the most complete extraction of hydrocarbon raw materials, subject to high natural environmental standards, protect the health and safety of association workers and the local population.

The composition of the association includes 25 structural units With the total number of working 15 thousand people. In unification, cost-effective technological processes of mining and processing of natural gas, condensate and oil are being introduced.

Urengoyigazprom supports business relations with a number of leading firms and companies in the United States, Japan, Great Britain, Austria, Finland, Hungary, Slovakia. Foreign economic cooperation expands the horizons of the activities of the association and makes it possible to think in a wider scale of the global gas industry. Despite numerous difficulties, the association stably supplies fuel to consumers.

Oil industry

Until 2000, there was a tendency to reduce oil production in the autonomous district. The reasons for this in insufficient financing for technical re-equipment, entering new fields instead of disposal, etc. Last year, an increase in oil production by 5.4% was noted compared with 1999, associated with increasing the volume of search and exploration and operational drilling and input of new wells.

The largest enterprises leading to prey on the territory of the Autonomous Okrug, as before, remain Sibneft-Noyabrskneftegaz, and OJSC Rosneft-Purneftegaz, which account for about 80% of the oil produced in the autonomous area. In the past 2-3 years, there has been a decrease in the specific gravity of the largest companies in total mining. The causes of this redistribution are two circumstances: the restructuring of vertically integrated companies and their pricing policy aimed at a concentration of profits in the parent company.

In 2000, for the first time in the last 11 years, it was an increase in production at Sibneft-Noyabrskneftegaz OJSC by 7.42% compared with 1999, which amounted to 15.9 million tons. At Rosneft Purneftegaz OJSC, oil production increases the last three years, and in 2000 amounted to 8.9 million tons.

Other enterprises, which account for 23% of the total volume of oil production with gas condensate, released 7, 1 million tons last year, which amounted to 101.1% for the relevant period last year. During the same period, the production of gas condensate amounted to 3.15 million tons, including Urengoyigazprom LLC - 2 million. T, LLC "Yamburgazdobycha" - 0.9 million tons

Introduction

Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District is the central part of the Arctic facade of Russia. The YNAO territory is located in the Arctic zone in the north of the world's largest West Siberian Plain and occupies an extensive area of \u200b\u200bmore than 750 thousand square kilometers.

More than half of her half is located behind the Polar District, covering the lower life of the Obi with the tributaries, the pools of the rivers Nadym, Pura and the pelvis, Peninsula Yamal, Tazovsky, Gydan, the group of islands in the Kara Sea (White, Shocal, Neduoko, deer, etc.), as well as oriental The slopes of the Polar Urals. A 30 minutes of the North Point of Mainland Jamal is under 73 northern latitudes, which fully justifies the Nenets name of the peninsula - the edge of the Earth.

The northern border of the district, washed by the waters of the Kara Sea, has a length of 5100 kilometers and is part of the state border of the Russian Federation (about 900 kilometers). In the West in the Ural Range, the Yamalo-Nenets District borders with the Nenets Autonomous District and the Komi Republic, in the south - with the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District, in the East - with the Krasnoyarsk Territory.

The relief of the district is represented by two parts: mountain and flat. The flat part lies almost 90% within the heights of up to 100 meters above sea level; Hence many lakes and swamps. The left bank of Ob has an increased and crossed relief. Right-bank, the mainland is a slightly saved plateau with a slight bias to the north. The most raised areas of lowlands are located in the south of the district within the Siberian Honors.

The mountainous part of the district occupies a non-alarm strip along the Polar Urals and is a large mountain range arrays with a total length of over 200 kilometers. The average height of southern arrays is 600-800 meters, and width 20-30. The highest peaks are the Mountains of the bell tower - 1305 meters, Pai-EP - 1499 meters.

The north the height of the mountains reaches 1000-1300 meters. The main waterproof ridge of the Polar Urals is a tortist, its absolute heights reaches 1200-1300 meters and above.

The purpose of this work is to study the bias of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

To achieve the goal, it is necessary to study the minerals of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and give overall characteristic deposits.

Minerals of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

The relief of the territory of the area is plain, consisting of tundra and timber tundra with many lakes and swamps, and mountainous part. The mountain range located in the west of the district extends 200 km, reaching the height to 1.5 thousand meters. Unique territories in the cultural and natural heritage of the regions. - M.: Russian Research Institute of Cultural and Natural Heritage, 2008

Water resources of the region differ in wealth and variety. These include: the coast of the Kara Sea, numerous bays and lips, rivers, lakes, swamps and groundwater. Obba Luba - the Bay of the Kara Sea, is one of the largest sea bays of the Russian Arctic, its area is 44,000 km. On the territory of the district there are about 300 thousand lakes and 48 thousand rivers, the largest of which are Ob in its mouth, as well as the River Nadym, Taz (River) and Pur. Ob River, one of the most extended in Russia, flows within the county two powerful sleeves. The presence of lakes, most of which glacial origin, is one of the characteristic features of the landscape of the Yamalo-Nenets AO. Underground waters are characterized by a huge artesian pool of 3 million km, which includes the reserves of thermal waters.

The region takes one of the leading places in Russia in the reserves of hydrocarbons, especially natural gas and oil. The following deposits are located on the territory of the district: the official website of Yanao http://adm.yanao.ru/

1. Urengoy Gas Deposit

2. South-Russian Oil and Gas Depositor

3. Nakhodka Gas field

4. Yamburg oil and gas condensate field

5. Its-Purovskoe petroleum field

About 600 thousand goals of the northern home deer are drawn up on 50 million hectares of the tundra. Nature covered here 70 percent of world reserves of sigal fish (Muksun, Gorbowa, Nelma) Brief reference book area / Author-compiler Yu.A. Sturmer - 3rd ed., With change and add. - M.: ProfiSdat, 2009.

Lislard of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

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1 Useful fossils of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

1. Urengoy Gas Deposit

2. South-Russian Oil and Gas Depositor

3. Nakhodka Gas field

4. Yamburg oil and gas condensate field

5. Its-Purovskoe petroleum field

Potential Analysis economic Resources Finland

In the depths of Finland there are nickel (M-Ye Kotalachti), Titan (M-Ye Vikhanti), tungsten, selenium, silver and gold (M-Ye near Parkano). Uranium deposits near Porvo and Summary ...

Brazilian plateau.

In the central and southeastern parts of Brazilian plateau, the largest deposits of iron ore, beryl, niobium, mountain crystal, in the reserves of which Brazil belongs to the first place in the capitalist world ...

Geography of the Kyrinsky district

Back in 1926, Academician A.E. Fersman, who has repeatedly visited our region, noticed ...

Mountains Carpathy

Carpathians are rude by ores of various metals. The greatest reserves are focused on the territory of Romania. In the western spurs of the mountains in the banat there are deposits of magnetites, in the outskirts of the Transylvanian plateau - the richest reserves of polymetallic ores ...

Karelia - as a natural territorial complex

Karelia does not differ significant mineral resourcesAttractive for investors and providing a noticeable impact on the economy of the republic. In the depths of Karelia, more than 50 kinds of minerals were revealed ...

Local winds

Being on an open from the north and south of Western National Lowland, the territory is available for both cold Arctic air coming from the Kara Sea and for a warm, coming from the south ...

Omsk Oblast

Features of the geological structure of the territory of the Omsk region led to the formation of minerals of only sedimentary origin. Among them are dominated by non-metallic minerals - clays, loams, sands ...

Oceania Islands Nature

Oceania's minerals are due to the origin and geological structure of the islands. On most Oceania islands, minerals are missing, only on the largest of them develops: nickel (New Caledonia) ...

Placement of infrastructure of Ukraine

It is rich in Ukraine ore minerals, primarily ores of ferrous metals. Up to 20% of the world's resources of manganese ores are concentrated on the territory of the republic (including almost 50% of rich ores) and over 5% of iron ore reserves ...

Republic of Iraq.

The main minerals of Iraq are oil and gas, the deposits of which are stretched from the North-West to the southeast of the country along the Mesopotamian advanced deflection and belong to the oil and gas pool of the Persian Gulf ...

Republic of Karelia

The oldest crystal breeds of the Baltic shield contain a field of almost all produced on planet of metals, various chemical raw materials and valuable building materials. Republic of Karelia ...

Scandinavian Peninsula

Among the minerals of the Scandinavian Peninsula, iron ores are of the greatest importance - magnetites that occur in the rocks of the Archean age and containing 60-70% iron ...

Country Caution

The country's subsoil contains gold, barite, rubies, limestone (Appendix B). Among metal minerals, the main place belongs to non-ferrous metals ...

The country's characteristic of Japan

In the bowels of Japanese islands there are numerous deposits of various minerals, which are important resources of mineral raw materials and fuel ...

Ecological and economic assessment of the complex industrial development of the Polar Urals

"Natural wealth is a natural competitive advantage of Russia" (Putin V.V., 12.02.04). The mineral resource base is currently the foundation of the country's economy and will remain its basis for the coming decades ...

The Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YNAO) is the district located in the north of the Russian Federation, which covers an area of \u200b\u200bover 75 million hectares, which means that the district is greater than some European countries. YNAO is very rich in minerals (oil fields and natural gas deposits), and despite such a harsh climate, this territory is favorable for investment.

YNAO has a developed industry, although it relies on the extraction of minerals. Thus, according to industrial production, the district ranks second in the URFO and third place in the Russian Federation.

YNAO is a major supplier of hydrocarbon raw materials to the Russian market, as well as to the markets of Eastern and Western Europe.
Peninsula Yamal is of great importance for YNAO, and affects its economy. The peninsula has large open gas reserves that can be more than ten thousand billion cubic meters. Also there are gas deposits on the Leningrad and Rusanovskoye deposit, where about two thousand billion cubic meters of Blue Fuel prepared.

Since the start of production (more than forty years), about fourteen thousand billion cubic meters of gas was mined on Yamal. The main field of YANAO is Bovanenkovskoye, the level of production of which is about five thousand billion cubic meters.

The main characteristics of the INAO deposits:

75% of natural gas reserves in the Russian Federation;
22% of world deposits of natural gas;
18% deposits of domestic oil.

The initial reserves in the district are estimated at 93,000 billion cubic meters, and over the years of development, more than ten thousand billion cubic meters of gas were obtained. Every year, about 530 billion cubic meters is mined in the Russian Federation, about 90% of which is mined in YNAO. On the main gas pipelines, Blue Fuel is transported to the Urals, to the European part of Russia, as well as to European countries (France, Germany, Italy and others). The resource of twenty-four largest deposits is estimated at thirteen thousand billion cubic meters of gas.

The reserves of hydrocarbons in the Peninsula of the Yamal, which are divorced today, are:

44.5 trillion cubic meters of gas:
5 billion tons of oil:
2 billion tons of condensate.

YNAO has the potential of reserves in more than thirty-five thousand billion cubic meters of gas and about eight billion tons of liquid hydrocarbons. At the moment, about 11% of gas deposits are mastered, less than 5% of oil deposits and 2% condensate. The last five years in YNAO expands global transport infrastructure communications. An increase in hydrocarbon production is required to modernize production.

In the fourth quarter of 2016, a new trunk oil pipeline called "Purpe Purpe" was launched, which in two increased oil production to forty million tons. In 2014-2015 There was a relative decrease in oil production growth rates. So in 2014, a decrease in oil production in the region was about 4% of the total volume of oil production of the Russian Federation. The fall is explained by the fact that enterprises operate in fields with high reserves, incident performance, as well as with high well waterfront. Oil companies are interested in stopping the operation of low-cost wells, which allows them to avoid damages in production.

If we compare 2015 and 2016, we see that in the 16th year, oil production increased by 22.9% in 9 months and amounted to nineteen million tons. Thanks to successful development plans in the 15th and 16th, the volume and oil production stabilized. Almost ten months before the term of delivery completed the construction of facilities for the transportation of oil ESPO (Eastern Siberia - Pacific Ocean). Another project is the activation of the work of Pyakyakinsky deposit of the Public Joint Stock Company LUKOIL. Plans to drill 420 wells.

In plans to build production and Gazprom Neft. In the 16th year, the shipment of raw materials occurred at the remote Arctic oil terminal of the tower type, three and a half kilometers from s. Cape Stone. NOVY PORT is a new type of oil, with the smallest sulfur presence (about 0.1%). The development of new fishing facilities will allow in the medium term to increase the production of hydrocarbons.
Governor Yanao Dmitry Kobelkin argues that Yamal has oil reserves in 4.9 billion tons.

More information about the development of industries and hydrocarbon processing industries and exhibition and Yamal Neftegaz and Congress and the exhibition "