Returned, but not all! What territories Russia has full historical law. Territories that Russia lost ancient Russia - the creation of Vikings

The capture or violent connection of the entire territory or part of it is referred to as annexia and is considered a manifestation of aggression of one state in relation to another. In the light of the latest events in the world, we suggest you learn about the nine states who have attached other territories in the 20th century.

Annexia Kuwait Iraq - 1990

In July 1990, Saddam Hussein demanded from Kuwait to forgive Iraqi duty and pay compensation in the amount of 2.5 billion dollars. For allegedly illegal mining of Iraqi oil by Kuwait. However, Kuwaiti Emir did not accept this requirement. As a result of Iraq's troops, they became tightened to the boundaries of Kuwait, and on August 2, the Iraqi army invaded Kuwaiti territory. By the end of August, Kuwait was declared the 19th province of Iraq.

Annexia of the Golan Heights of Israel - 1981

The laws of Annexia Israel of the East of Jerusalem and the Golan Heights were proclaimed by Israel's Knesset 07/30/1980 and 12/14/1981 Israel announced the provision of Israeli citizenship to residents of these territories, as well as the full dissemination of Israeli legislation into these territories. However, the UN Security Council condemned this annexation, and it was invalid.

Annexia Sikkim India - 1975

India Prime Minister Kazi Lhendoupe Dordi Khangsarp in 1975 invited the Parliament of India to transform Sikkim to the state of India. In April, Sikkim was occupied by Indian troops. As a result of the referendum, 97.5% voted supported joining India. And on May 16, 1975, Sikkim officially became the state of India.

Annexia Goa India - 1961

In December 1961, Goa was occupied by Indian troops and declared the "Union Territory" along with Daman and Diu, after which the 451-year-old Portuguese dominion came to the end. Portugal recognized India's sovereignty over Goa only after the 1974 revolution. The state of Goa was allocated from the Allied Territory in 1987.

Annexia about. Rockall Great Britain - 1955

Rockall Island - a uninhabited rock in the Atlantic Ocean was annexed by Great Britain, with which still does not agree a number of countries. The state affiliation of the island and its surrounding waters is disputed by Ireland, Denmark (Faroe Islands) and Iceland. The dispute about the state affiliation of Rockall is due to the rights to intelligence subsoil and fisheries on the Rockall Bank surrounding Rockall ("Rockall Bank"), a groove ("Rockall Trough") and Rockall Plateau).

Annexation of the Baltic States of the USSR - 1939-1941.

The secret protocol to the nonsense agreement between Germany and the USSR, signed on August 23, 1939, divided the spheres of influence: Estonia, Latvia, part of Finland and East Poland were included in the sphere of the influence of the USSR, and Lithuania and Western Poland - Germany. For two years, Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia were annexed by the Soviet Union under the guise of the help of fraternal peoples. Churchill wrote: "The delivery of the peoples of the Baltic countries under the power of Soviet Russia against their will will contradict all the principles for which we are conducting this war and will disagree our business."

Annexia Czechoslovakia Germany -1938

In 1938, 14 million people lived in Czechoslovakia, of which 3.5 million ethnic Germans, compactly residing in the Sukan region, as well as in Slovakia and Transcarpathian Ukraine (Carpathian Germans). The Czechoslovakia industry, including the military, was one of the most developed in Europe. In accordance with the Munich Agreement, annexation was carried out, it would be carried out, moreover, very quickly and successfully. This was the first step towards the occupation of Czechoslovakia and the liquidation of the country's independence as a whole.

Annexia Austria Germany - 1938

Austria's inclusion in Germany took place on March 12-13, 1938. As a result of the anchlus, the territory of Germany increased by 17%, the population is 10% (by 6.7 million people). By attaching Austria, Hitler received even more funds for further offensive in the Balkans. In 1945, Austria's independence was restored.

Annexia Bessarabia Romania - 1918

Until 1918, Bessarabia was part of the Russian Empire, and accession was not recognized by the Soviet government. On the maps, which produced the USSR, this territory was denoted as occupied by Romania. Bessarabia was located as part of Romania for 22 years from March 27 (April 9) of 1918, when Sfatul Caryry (the Region Council) voted the Moldavian Democratic Republic for joining, until June 28, 1940, when after the notes of the Soviet government on the transfer of Bessarabia to the Soviet Union on Its territory was introduced by the Red Army.

If you do not take the decay Russian Empire And the collapse of the USSR, the most famous (and the largest) territorial loss of Russia - Alaska. But our country lied other territories,. These losses today are rarely remembered.

1. The South Coast of the Caspian Sea (1723-1732)

Driving, as a result of victory over the Swedes, "Window to Europe", Peter I began to chop the window to India. For this purpose, he undertook in 1722-1723. Camps in transcendered transverse crossbursions. As a result of these campaigns, the entire Western and South Coast of the Caspian Sea turned out to be under the rule of Russia.

But the Transcaucasia is not the Baltic. It turned out to conquer these territories much easier than the Baltic Owning of Sweden, but kept - more difficult. Due to epidemics and constant attacks, the Russian troops decreased half.

Russia, depleted by the wars and reforms of Peter, could not keep so expensive acquisition and in 1732 these lands were returned to Persia.

2. Eastern Prussia (1758-1762)

According to the results of the Second World War, part of Eastern Prussia with Königsberg moved to the USSR - now it is Kaliningrad with the region of the same name. But once these lands were already in the citizenship of Russia.

During the seven-year war (1756-1763), Russian troops in 1758 were occupied by Königsberg and all Eastern Prussia. The edge of the Empress of Empress Elizabeth was turned into a Russian governance general, and the Prussian population is given to the oath to Russian citizenship. The famous German philosopher Kant became Russians. The letter has been preserved, where the loyal Russian crown Immanuel Kant ascertains Petrovna's Empress the position of the ordinary professor.

The sudden death of Elizabeth Petrovna (1761) changed everything. The Russian throne took Peter III, known for his sympathies to Prussia and the King Friedrich. He returned Prussia all Russian conquests in this war and turned the weapon against his former allies. Peter III Ekaterina II, also sympathized by Friedrich, confirmed the world and, in particular, the return of Eastern Prussia.

3. Mediterranean: Malta (1798-1800) and Ionian Islands (1800-1807)

In 1798, Napoleon on the way to Egypt subjected to the defeat Malta, which owned the Knights of the Order of Hospitallers, based on the times of crusades. Having come to themselves after the pogrom, the knights elected the Russian emperor Paul I the Grand Master of the Maltese Order. The Emblem of the Order entered the state coat of arms of Russia. This, perhaps, limited to the visible signs that the island is under the rule of Russia. In 1800, Malta seized the British.

Unlike the formal ownership of Malta, the power of Russia over the ionic islands off the coast of Greece was more real.

In 1800, the Russian-Turkish squadron under the command of the famous Flotovodz Ushakov seized the island of Corfu strongly fortified by the French. The Republic of Seven Islands was established, formally, as the Turkish Protectorate, but in fact, under Russian. According to the Tilzit world (1807), Emperor Alexander I was grieved by Napoleon's island.

4. Romania (1807-1812, 1828-1834)

For the first time Romania, or rather, two more separate principalities - Moldova and Valahia - were under the rule of Russia in 1807, during the next Russian-Turkish war (1806-1812). The population of the principalities was given to the oath to the loyalty to the Russian emperor, throughout the territory - a direct Russian rule was introduced. But in 1812, Napoleon's invasion of Napoleon forced Russia to conclude the earliest world with Turkey, instead of two princes, only the eastern part of the Moldova Principality (Bessarabia, Sovr. Moldova).

For the second time, Russia has established its power in the principalities in the Russian-Turkish war of 1828-29. Upon completion of the war, the Russian troops did not leave, the Russian administration continued to be managed by the principality. Moreover, Nicholas I, who supplied any freedom sprouts within Russia, gives its new territories a constitution! True, it was called "organic regulations", because for Nicholas I, the word "constitution" was too crazy.

Russia would be willing to turn Moldova and Valachia, which was actually in their own de jure, but England, France and Austria intervened in the case. As a result, in 1834, the Russian army was from the principalities withdrawn. Russia has lost its influence in the principles after the defeat in the Crimean War.

5. Kars (1877-1918)

In 1877, during the Russian-Turkish War (1877-1878), Kars was taken by Russian troops. According to a peace treaty, Kars, together with Batumi, departed to Russia.

The Kara region began to actively settle Russian immigrants. Kars was built on the plan developed by Russian architects. Even now Kars with its strictly parallel and perpendicular streets, typically by Russian houses built in con. XIX - NCH. XX centuries, sharply contrasts with chaotic buildings of other Turkish cities. But very much reminds old Russian cities.

After the revolution, the Karskaya region of the Bolsheviks gave Turkey.

6. Manchuria (1896-1920)

In 1896, Russia received the right to construction from China railway Through Manchuria for connecting Siberia with Vladivostok - Sino-Eastern Railway (FC). The Russians had the right to rent a narrow territory on both sides of the QUCT line. However, in fact, the construction of the road led to the transformation of Manchuria to the territory depending on Russia, with the Russian administration, army, police and courts. Russian migrants were poured there. The Russian government began to consider the project for the inclusion of Manchuria into the empire called "Yolotossia".

As a result of Russia's defeat in russian-Japanese war, the southern part of Manchuria fell into the sphere of the influence of Japan. After the revolution, the Russian influence in Manchuria began to decrease. Finally, in 1920, Chinese troops occupied Russian objects, including Harbin and KVA, finally closing the project "Gloomy".

Thanks to the heroic defense of Port Arthur, many know that this city before the defeat in the Russian-Japanese war belonged to the Russian Empire. But less is known for the fact that at the same time Port Arthur was part of the USSR.

After the defeat of the Japanese Quantong Army in 1945, Port Arthur under a contract with China was transferred to the Soviet Union for a period of 30 years as a naval base. Later the USSR and the PRC agreed to return the city in 1952. At the request of the Chinese side, in connection with the complex international situation (Korean War) Soviet armed forces Loaded in Port Arthur until 1955.

If you do not take into account the collapse of the Russian Empire and the collapse of the USSR, the most famous (and the largest) territorial loss of Russia - Alaska. But our country has lost other territories. These losses today are rarely remembered.

South Coast of the Caspian Sea (1723-1732)

Driving, as a result of victory over the Swedes, "Window to Europe", Peter I began to chop the window to India. For this purpose, he undertook in 1722-1723. Camps in transcendered transverse crossbursions. As a result of these campaigns, the entire Western and South Coast of the Caspian Sea turned out to be under the rule of Russia.

But the Transcaucasia is not the Baltic. It turned out to conquer these territories much easier than the Baltic Owning of Sweden, but kept - more difficult. Due to epidemics and constant attacks, the Russian troops decreased half.

Russia, depleted by the wars and reforms of Peter, could not keep so expensive acquisition and in 1732 these lands were returned to Persia.

Mediterranean: Malta (1798-1800) and Ionian Islands (1800-1807)

In 1798, Napoleon on the way to Egypt subjected to the defeat Malta, which owned the Knights of the Order of Hospitallers, based on the times of crusades. Having come to themselves after the pogrom, the knights elected the Russian emperor Paul I the Grand Master of the Maltese Order. The Emblem of the Order entered the state coat of arms of Russia. This, perhaps, limited to the visible signs that the island is under the rule of Russia. In 1800, Malta seized the British.

Unlike the formal ownership of Malta, the power of Russia over the ionic islands off the coast of Greece was more real.
In 1800, the Russian-Turkish squadron under the command of the famous Flotodca Ushakov seized the island of Corfu strongly fortified by the French. The Republic of Seven Islands was established, formally, as the Turkish Protectorate, but in fact, under Russian. According to the Tilzit world (1807), Emperor Alexander I was grieved by Napoleon's island.

Romania (1807-1812, 1828-1834)

The first time Romania (more precisely, two separate principalities - Moldova and Valahia) was under the rule of Russia in 1807 - during the next Russian-Turkish war (1806-1812). The population of the principalities was given to the oath to the loyalty to the Russian emperor; A direct Russian rule was introduced throughout the territory. But in 1812, Napoleon's invasion of Napoleon forced Russia to conclude the earliest world with Turkey, according to which only the eastern part of the Moldova Principality (Bessarabia, Sovr. Moldova) was separated.

For the second time, Russia has established its power in the principalities in the Russian-Turkish war of 1828-29. Upon completion of the war, the Russian troops did not leave, the Russian administration continued to be managed by the principality. Moreover, Nicholas I, who supplied any freedom sprouts within Russia, gives its new territories a constitution! True, it was called "organic regulations", because for Nicholas I, the word "constitution" was too crazy.
Russia would be willing to turn Moldova and Valachia, which was actually in their own de jure, but England, France and Austria intervened in the case. As a result, in 1834, the Russian army was from the principalities withdrawn. Russia has lost its influence in the principles after the defeat in the Crimean War.

Kars (1877-1918)

In 1877, during the Russian-Turkish War (1877-1878), Kars was taken by Russian troops. According to a peace treaty, Kars together with Batum moved to Russia.
The Kara region began to actively settle Russian immigrants. Kars was built on the plan developed by Russian architects. Even now Kars with its strictly parallel and perpendicular streets, typically by Russian houses built in con. XIX - NCH. XX centuries, sharply contrasts with chaotic buildings of other Turkish cities. But very much reminds old Russian cities.
After the revolution, the Karskaya region of the Bolsheviks gave Turkey.

Manchuria (1896-1920)

In 1896, Russia received from China the right to build a railway through Manchuria for connecting Siberia with Vladivostok - Sino-Eastern Railway (CER). The Russians had the right to rent a narrow territory on both sides of the QUCT line. However, in fact, the construction of the road led to the transformation of Manchuria to the territory depending on Russia, with the Russian administration, army, police and courts. Russian migrants were poured there. The Russian government began to consider the project for the inclusion of Manchuria into the empire called "Yolotossia".
As a result of Russia's defeat in the Russian-Japanese war, the southern part of Manchuria fell into the sphere of influence of Japan. After the revolution, the Russian influence in Manchuria began to decrease. Finally, in 1920, the Chinese troops occupied Russian objects, including Harbin and CER, finally closing the Zhestossessia project.

Thanks to the heroic defense of Port Arthur, many know that this city before the defeat in the Russian-Japanese war belonged to the Russian Empire. But less is known for the fact that at the same time Port Arthur was part of the USSR.
After the defeat of the Japanese Quantong Army in 1945, Port Arthur under a contract with China was transferred to the Soviet Union for a period of 30 years as a naval base. Later the USSR and the PRC agreed to return the city in 1952. At the request of the Chinese side, due to the complex international situation (Korean War), the Soviet Armed Forces were detained in Port Arthur until 1955.

In chapter

The events of recent time prompted many to turn to the historical chronicles, remembering the lands over which the Russian flag was once waiting. And now the conversations are increasingly sound: they say, and Alaska at one time was autonated by the Tricolor, and Russia had to be part of the current California in those days when no US in those places did not smell.

And the story is slightly different, today the territory of the Russian Federation could well include overseas colonies. In fact, they could be much more. And among them - Hawaiian Islands, New Guinea and even Kuwait.

Surely, at the sight of the world's XVIII-XIX centuries cards, many had a question: how did it happen that it was hardly a good half of the world turned out to be divided between three-four European states, while Russia was able to join himself except part of Central Asia? Is there really no skillful seurrets in the empire? It is clearly not like that - in 1728, Vitus Bering discovered the strait between the Northern Arctic and the Pacific Oceans, and in 1803 Kruzenshtern and Lisanian committed the first world journey. Maybe late to divide? And it is unlikely - although there are almost no white spots on the map on the map, a significant part of the land in the Pacific Ocean remained unemployed. Alas, the explanation is simple - the reasons for the fact that Russia refused to start the overseas colonies, became banal lazy to enter into new projects and the non-historicalness of domestic diplomacy.

Russian province under the side of the USA

It was Kruzenshtern and Lissean who became the first Russians who visited the Hawaiian Islands. And they first heard the proposal to transition to the native residents in Russian citizenship. This idea was voiced by the king of Kaumali, who headed one of two tribes. By that time, he was already desperate to fight with the king of the second Cameam's tribe, and therefore decided that in exchange for the loyalty "The Big White Leader" will protect it. Caumual's cunning, however, was left without attention - to start he was advised to establish trade in products with Russian America.

Kaumali swore in loyalty to Emperor Alexander I and asked him to take Hawaii under his patronage.

In 1816, Kaumali in a solemn atmosphere through a representative of the Russian-American company, Scheffer swore in loyalty to Emperor Alexander I and asked him to take Hawaii under his patronage. At the same time, the king passed the Russian 500 soldiers to conquer Oahu, Lana and Milk Islands, as well as workers to build fortresses. Local leaders received Russian surnames: one of them became the board, and the second Vorontsov. The local river Khanapepe was renamed Schueffe in Don.

The news that a new territorial education appeared in the Russian Empire, reached St. Petersburg only a year later. There from her came terror. As it turned out, the sanctions on negotiations and even more so for the adoption of such decisions, no one gave. Alexander I was generally firmly confident that an attempt to join Hawaii could push England to seize Spanish colonies. In addition, the emperor was afraid to spoil relations with the United States.

The promised help of Kaumali was in vain for several years. Finally, his patience burst, and he hinted the chaffin that there was nothing to do on the island. In 1818, the Russians were forced to leave Hawaii.

Miklukho-Maclay went to the Germans

However, if the situation with gauti can still be considered a misunderstanding, then in another case the imperial government consciously chose nothing to do anything.

On September 20, 1871, the Russian traveler Nikolai Miklukho-Maclay stepped on New Guinea's land. The island itself by that time has been opened by the Europeans for 250 years, but no settlements during this time they have not created there and its territory was considered a draw. Therefore, in accordance with the rules, the Russian landowner Narenkaya territory by the shore of Maclay.

It is noteworthy that wild Papuans, at first, the accurauous guest, soon changed their attitude towards the aliel. What was not surprising - unlike the British and the Dutch "Man from the Moon", as his natives nicknamed, did not pay from the "fiery stick", and he treated and taught agriculture. As a result, they proclaimed Tamo-Boro-Borough guest - that is, the highest boss, recognizing its right to dispose of land. And the thought of the traveler came to the traveler: the territory of New Guinea studied by him should go under the Russian protectorate.

Letters with the description of their idea of \u200b\u200bMaclay literally flooded Petersburg. In the Message of the Grand Duke Alexei Traveler described that England, France and Germany are dominated by territories in the Pacific Ocean. "Does Russia do not want to participate in this general case? Does she not keep any point for a seaside station in the Pacific Ocean? " He asked. And why does the Russian government not recognize his right to the plots acquired by him on the shore of the Maclay and Islands of Palau? Since there is no money for the organization of the maritime station in the treasury, then you need to at least stroke the land.

Alas, in St. Petersburg, the zeal of the traveler was regarded otherwise. Governing the Maritime Ministry Admiral Shestakov Openly said: they say, Maklai just decided to become on the island of the king! The Commission sent to the new Guinea also found that no prospects for trade and seaworthy is the island, on the basis of what Emperor Alexander II decided to close the question. True, Britain and Germany, apparently, had a different opinion, since they immediately shared the territory among themselves. The shore of Maclay for this agreement was departed to the Kaiser.

Nicholas II "plin" oil of the British Crown

Nevertheless, the loss of New Guinea looks quite a trifle against the background of another failure, as a result of which Kuwait turned out to be lost for Russia - one of the main oil storage houses.

At the end of the XIX century, Kuwait became the point of intersection of interests of Britain, Germany and Russia. Berlin and St. Petersburg celled plans for holding the railway, which would help them to gain a foothold in the Middle East. London, in turn, on the contrary, clisally followed that his dominance in the Persian Gulf remains unshakable. However, it was not easy to maintain the status quo - the situation in Arab countries was traditionally not distinguished by stability. So in Kuwait, the junior prince Mubarak killed his older brother, proclaiming her herself.

This situation forced the first three countries to take a fresh look at the Kuwaiti question. In St. Petersburg, it was decided to send the agents to the sheikh, at the same time the Russian warships were sent to Kuwait. The British traditionally chose instead began to use gold - in exchange for the annual monetary content of Mubarak promised that it would not be a policy without taking into account the opinion of London. But the east, as you know, the case is thin. Having been two years on the content of the Forin office, Kuwaiti Sheikh decided that the British began to feel too hard in His country. As a result, in April 1901, Mubarak secretly handed over to the Russian Consul Kruglov - he is ready to stand under the Protectorate of Russia. Well, if not, there is no - let the British command all and on.

During the month in the Winter Palace, they decided what to do. On the one hand, it was extremely tempting to strengthen in the Persian Gulf. On the other hand, fear arose: what if Turkey is offended and go war? In the end, the Foreign Minister Lamzdorf unsubscribed: "In favor of conveying a circle that any interference in Kuwaiti case is undesirable due to the uncertainty of the situation in the place that threaten complications."

Having received the answer, Sheikh Mubarak found that all the will of Allah, and remained Verne the British. The war was so afraid in St. Petersburg, and did not begin - the British were transferred to Istanbul that Kuwait was now their territory, and Sultan instantly withdrew the troops. In return, London received from Mubarak the right to open the postal service, the construction of the railway and the work on the search for oil. For the transfer of rights to the development of richest deposits, Sheikh asked only 4 thousand pounds sterling.

During the XVIII-XIX centuries, the Russian Empire, which is called "fought on the globe", without stopping before the occupation of the territories they need. So, during the next Russian-Turkish war in 1770, the Russian troops seized the Cycladic Islands, and in 1773, Beirut was abused at the Turk - almost during the year he was officially under the jurisdiction of Russia.

During the war with France in 1798-1799, the ionic islands and the Greek city of Parga were seized.

Attempts to establish the colonies were made in private. In 1889, an adventure crawler

Nikolay Ashinov established a settlement on the territory of the current Djibouti, calling him new Moscow. However, since the territory formally belonged to France, Paris sent to the settlement of the escade, which fired a new Moscow and forced the Russians to give up.

Everyone knows that once in Russia drove Alaska, Poland, Finland. In addition to these territories, there were, of course, and others. Let them not differ as much as large sizes, but they still had importance. Malta, Kars, Manchuria, Moldova, Valahia, Port Arthur - all these territories were lost by Russia for various reasons. Something was given as a result of diplomatic games, something was used as a barrier coin.

In 1986, Russia agreed with China about the construction of the railway, which would associate Siberia with the Far East through Manchuria. So there was an epoch project of the CERE - Sino-Eastern Railway.
Since Russia received the right to rent from China to the territory on both sides of the QUC line, then Manchuria soon became a dependent territory. There appeared the Russian administration, army, police and even courts. Of course, the immigrants moved there. Therefore, there is nothing surprising that in the empire began to consider Manchuria, as a territory that is potentially part of Russia. Even a special term appeared - "Gloomy".

Manchuria wanted to rename into a jettle

But the cross on an ambitious plan delivered a defeat in the war with the Japanese. This territory fell into the sphere of the influence of the country of the rising sun. During the revolution in Russia, many of the dissatisfied manchuria new power. Therefore, the levers of influence in the young Soviet Union There, in fact, it was not. Well, the final point set China. In 1920, the troops of the Middle Kingdom occupied Harbin and KVA. The Zhestosia project was closed.

In 1877, during the war with the Ottoman Empire, Kars was captured by Russian troops. And only a year later, when the Turks recognized the defeat, this city, together with Batum, became part of the Russian Empire.

Kars returned Turkey in 1918

The newly formed Kara region hurried the flow of Russian immigrants. And the city itself began to actively store. And this was not done in a chaotic order, but according to the plan developed by Russian architects.
Kara region was given to Turkey by Bolsheviks in 1918.

Before the defeat in the war with Japan, this city belonged to the Russian Empire. And the history of his defense has become legendary thanks to the courage of Russian soldiers.
But then, after 40 years later, the city again became part of Russia, only not imperial, but the communist. After the surrender of Japan in 1945, Port Arthur under a contract with China was transferred to the Soviet Union for a period of 30 years. There was a Soviet naval base.

Port Arthur before the war with Japan was part of the Russian Empire

But the "red" port Arthur was having little - until 1952. By mutual agreement, the USSR returned the city of China. But the Soviet military, however, stayed there until 1955.

The principality of Moldova and Valahia moved under the power of the Russian Empire at the beginning of the 19th century during the next war with the Turks. The local population took the oath and directly submitted to the Russian rule.
But because of the war with Napoleon, Alexander I was forced to hurry to "make friends" with the Turks. According to the results of the peace treaty of Russia, only the eastern part of Moldova - Bessarabia was departed.

After the defeat in the Crimean War, Russia refused Moldova and Valahia

At the end of the 20s of the 19th century, the Russian Empire set his power in Moldova and Valahia for the second time. And again thanks to the war with the Turks. And Nicholas I even presented the new territories "Organic Regulations".
Finally, the Russian Empire has lost influence in those lands after the Crimean War.

Moving to Egypt, Napoleon defeated Malta on the way, where the nest of the knights of the Order of Hospitallers was. And made this French emperor thanks to the tricks and weakness of the Grand Master of Ferdinand von Hompesh Tsu Balimim. The latter surrendered to Napoleon, stating that the charter of the Order prohibits knights with Christians.
After such a serious impact, the Order could not recover. It decreased significantly in size and continued to exist on inertia. Of course, the knights tried to correct the situation. They understood that without an influential patron, they could not do. And the emperor Paul I came best about this role. He was elected a great master. The emblem of the Order "settled" in the state coat of arms of the Russian Empire. On this, in fact, the signs that Malta had passed under the authority of the Russian emperor.

Paul I was a great magician of the Order of Hospitallers

Soon Malta was under the authority of the British. And after the death of Paul in Russia, no one has already recalled for distant knights.
As for the ionic islands, the power of the Russian Empire was more obvious over them. In 1800, Flotovodtsu Ushakov managed to capture the island of Corfu. And even though the newly formed Republic of the seven islands is formally considered the Turkish protectorate, in fact, the management role of the manager took over Russia. But already after 7 years later, Alexander I gave way to Napoleon's island following the Tilzite world.