Can wood anchor bolts be used? Anchor technology. Anchors for concrete structures

If we talk about the reliability of fasteners for brick and concrete, then an anchor is preferable than a dowel. The main "holding force" for him is not friction, but the resistance of the material to destruction. And these forces are turned on thanks to a kind of anchor, which is formed due to the section of the sleeve weakened by the slots.

Anchor bolt with nut

Despite the name, in fact this type of fastener is a threaded stud with a wedge in a metal sleeve. In the central part of the sleeve there are sealing nodules and four "windows" with slots up to the wedge itself. And as a "driver" that brings the anchor into working condition, a nut is used.

The dimensions of the wedge are selected in such a way that the diameter of the base of the cone is equal to the outer diameter of the sleeve, and the “narrow part” coincides with the diameter of the stud.

Installation is easy:

• drill a hole (slightly larger in diameter than the sleeve), and clean it;
• drive the anchor bolt until the washer stops in the base;
• turn the nut clockwise;
• the pin moves outward, and the sleeve remains motionless due to the influx;
• the wedge is drawn into the sleeve and bursts the cut petals.

An anchor with a countersunk head works the same way. The role of a nut with a washer is performed by a hollow cylinder with an internal thread, which looks like a corresponding screw for a Phillips screwdriver.

wedge anchor

To some extent, this type of anchor resembles the previous one, but has a short sleeve, put on a stud in front of the wedge.

Principle of operation: the sleeve "sits" tightly in the hole, and when the nut is turned, the pin moves, which retracts the wedge and bursts the blades of the sleeve.

Ceiling anchor with ring (eye)

This is a type of wedge anchor. The difference is that the coupling petals move apart not under the action of the rotation of the pin with the wedge, but with the effort to pull the anchor out of the ceiling.

anchor bolt

The metal coupling of this type has the same device as the anchor bolt with a nut - a hollow cylinder with four windows and slots to the wedge. But a cone nut is used as a wedge. The wedge is pushed into the coupling by turning a conventional hex bolt.

In addition to a hex head for a wrench, the bolt can have a mounting “shank” in the form of a ring or hook.

Double-spread anchor

This is a reinforced version of the anchor bolt.

• two couplings are put on a metal rod (pin) with a slot for a slot;
• the short coupling enters the long cone;
• when screwing the nut, the short coupling is bursting with a cone nut;
• a long sleeve creeps onto a short one, which serves as a bursting wedge for it.

In addition to this option, these anchors can end with a fastening hook or ring.

Expanding anchor

The sleeve of this anchor is made in the form of a hollow cylinder with four wide slots at the end and a locking flat spring that holds the petals in their initial position. Inside the sleeve there is a tetrahedral element, each face of which enters its own slot. And so that the element does not fall out of the anchor before installation, each petal ends with a small rim.

Under the sleeve select the type and length of the bolt. It can be a regular hex head bolt.

Stud with hook or ring shank and nut.

When the bolt is screwed in, the tetrahedral element expands the sleeve segments.

Frame anchor

The main purpose is through fastening to the base of window frames and door blocks.

The sleeve has slots on the side of the conical nut and on the side of the screw head. When the screw is screwed in, the anchor is “anchored” from both sides. And special ribs prevent the sleeve from turning with the screw.

Special type for fixing parts in weak foundations (in building blocks with high voids).

The sleeve has slots that are loosened at the top and in the middle, and ends with a nut at the end.

When the screw is screwed into the nut, the sleeve is deformed, the lamellas are unclenched as far as the hollowness of the base allows and form a holding “belt”.

It often happens that we need to fix a different number of parts, bolts or structures on the wall. For this purpose, a lot of different fastener options have been created. For example, for wood, self-tapping screws are usually used, and for concrete, cement or brick, you need to use a special tool called an anchor bolt.

The use of such mounts makes it possible to fix rather heavy things on walls and ceilings. An example is a water heater, a sports wall or a satellite TV dish on the roof or wall of the house. In itself, such a mount is an internal bolt, a nut at the end and a body. The bolt also has a plastic gasket that prevents water from penetrating inside and destroying the bolt.

The main types of such bolts

The first, most popular of which is the installation of an anchor bolt with a nut. Such a bolt consists of a stud and a nut with a body, which is completed with a washer, after fixing such an anchor, the stud will protrude somewhat beyond the edges of the bolt, which allows increasing its length. This type of fastening is intended for use in cement, concrete and concrete partitions, solid brick or stone. In all other materials, it is better not to use such fasteners.

The second type is an anchor bolt with a hook. Such fastening will be necessary for hanging removable items or heavy structures, as well as temporary fastening of chains, cables and ropes to brick, concrete or other surfaces. Such a bolt consists of a collet and a stud, in one part and in the other, which is also placed in a sleeve. This type of fastening is excellent for concrete surfaces, natural stone and solid bricks. All other materials that have a lower density will not work. The last, most common type of fastening is the anchor bolt with a ring. It is used to hang fixed heavy structures, such as gates, or to secure cables, chains and ropes to brick, concrete or natural stone surfaces. Such an anchor is made like a stud with a ring not welded on the end. At the other end there is a collet with an outer shell and a thread. The anchor is made of galvanized steel and is suitable for installation in natural stone, concrete or solid brick.

To ensure reliable fixation of various objects and structures on concrete surfaces, such fasteners as anchors for concrete are capable of. The problem of attaching various objects to concrete is quite relevant both in the field of capital construction and in the field of repairs carried out by the owners of real estate themselves.

Anchors for concrete are able to provide reliable fastening of any structure.

Such difficulties do not arise if the fastener must be fixed in a softer material - wood or plastic. If we are talking about concrete - a material characterized by high hardness and, accordingly, brittleness, then it is necessary to use special fasteners, which, in particular, include anchor-type bolts.

What is an anchor: a general concept

The word "anchor" means a fastener used to fix various objects on structures made of solid solid materials - concrete, building bricks, natural stone, etc. To install such fasteners, you should prepare a hole with the appropriate dimensions, in which the anchor type bolt will be placed . The high holding capacity of a bolt placed in such a hole can be achieved by:

• friction forces ();
• bonding abilities of a special composition ();
• a special thrust element interacting with the inner walls of the hole.

The most popular anchor is a fastener, which, due to its design features, wedged inside the hole, thereby ensuring high reliability of the connection being created. The surface of such bolts, made of carbon steel, is coated with a zinc composition, which eliminates the risk of corrosion and development.

Dimensions of anchor bolts for concrete

Installation of anchor-type bolts can be carried out in various designs, the material of which must be of sufficiently high strength. These include, in particular:

• concrete foundations;
• walls and partitions made of concrete and brick;
• floor slabs, which are usually made of concrete.

Objects and structural elements that are fastened with such bolts are usually:

• beams from metal-roll of various types;
• elements of suspended ceiling structures;
• lamps and chandeliers;
• wooden beam used for the installation of floor and ceiling coverings;
• elements of stair structures;
• load-bearing structures with large weight and dimensions.

As mentioned above, fixing an anchor-type bolt inside a pre-prepared hole can be achieved in two main ways:

• by wedging the spacer inside the hole;
• due to a special adhesive composition that binds the bolt and the inner walls of the hole (chemical anchor).

There are requirements for holes in the fastened part that must not exceed the values ​​given in the table. Large gaps can be filled with mortar

Mechanical anchor bolts for concrete

The most common types of anchor bolts are mechanical fasteners.

driven

One of these products is a drive-in anchor, inside the expansion sleeve of which there is a thread. This anchor, designed for concrete and other dense and hard materials, is unclenched in the hole by a special device, after which the fastener itself is screwed into it.

Spacers

Expansion anchors for concrete and other building materials are also widely used on the modern market. In the design of such anchor fasteners, which can withstand very significant loads, there is a special wedge, which is responsible for expanding the expansion sleeve. Using such anchors, it is possible to ensure reliable fixation of even heavy objects on the concrete surface - metal gates, overall equipment, etc. Meanwhile, it should be borne in mind that the fastening reliability provided by such an anchor for concrete work largely depends on the strength characteristics structure in which it is installed.

One of the representatives of this family of fasteners is. Bolts of this kind are used for mounting windows and doors. The expansion sleeve of frame anchors has two wedging zones: at the bolt head and in the body of the bearing base.

In double-spaced concrete anchors, as their name implies, two expansion sleeves are provided at the same time. Due to this, anchors of this type provide a more reliable grip, which allows them to be used for mounting objects with a significant mass.

Wedge

The wedge-type anchor for concrete, which was mentioned above, can have two design options. In the first case, a hammer and a special center punch are used to wedged the inner sleeve of such an anchor. After wedging the sleeve, such an additional device is removed from the inside of the anchor and a fixing bolt or stud is screwed into it.

Installation in other types of concrete is somewhat easier. Their main element is a threaded stud, one end of which is cone-shaped. When tightening the nut, which rests on the surface of the structure into which such fasteners are installed, its conical part expands the spacer sleeve, ensuring its reliable fixation in a pre-prepared hole. In some models of anchor fasteners of this type, the outer surface of the spacer has teeth that provide better adhesion of this element to the inner walls of the hole.

The rod anchor, which also belongs to the wedge type, differs from the usual one in increased dimensions (bolt length). By means of such an anchor, the installation of multilayer systems with a significant thickness is carried out.

The choice of the type of anchor is made, focusing not only on its dimensions, which are stipulated by GOST, but also on the type of fastening that must be performed with it. It is also important to calculate the load that will fall on the concrete anchor. When performing this calculation, it should be borne in mind that the load on the fastener should not exceed 25% of that indicated by GOST.

Chemical anchor bolts for concrete

A fastener of this type is an anchor screw for concrete, the fixation of which in the hole is ensured by a special adhesive composition. The adhesive composition, with which chemical anchors are fixed, is poured into a pre-made and carefully cleaned hole for two thirds of its length. An anchor bolt of the appropriate size is installed in the hole with glue. After the adhesive composition has completely solidified, the required item is fastened.

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Design

The combined flexible connection consists of the following elements:
- L-shaped tip (coupling) made of stainless steel;
- basalt-plastic rod with a continuous sandy coating.
To fix the heat-insulating layer in the wall structure with a ventilated gap, a plastic retainer is used (supplied separately).

Specifications

Country construction today: an anchor for a tree

Our online store presents a professional assortment of modern construction fasteners, which are of high quality and reliability, so that today everyone can quickly and without difficulty - thanks to the detailed descriptions and photos posted in the relevant sections, as well as expert advice from on-duty managers - to choose the most suitable for the implementation of a specific project in terms of construction (repair or decoration). Products widely demanded in the North-West market, in particular, wood anchors, are popular primarily due to their strength and traditional manufacturing materials, as well as due to a simple, but extremely effective device that provides reliable fastening of wooden building structures, including , to the brickwork.

Anchor for wood, buy on the most favorable terms with delivery in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region, is indispensable in the construction of low-rise residential buildings (structures) using the so-called "frame" technology, which is very popular today among those who decide to live and / or relax in the countryside, away from the, to put it mildly, "unhealthy" atmosphere of a noisy metropolis. When creating durable and attractive cottages, wood is chosen as the material for load-bearing walls, and the design can be anything - from the classic country style to original author's solutions. Due to the unique ability to "breathe", the tree creates a comfortable, cozy and healthy microclimate inside the premises, and also allows the owner to significantly save energy, which, in the case of construction from artificial composite materials - for example, aerated concrete or silicate brick - will be used for heating in the cold season and air conditioning to warm.

To ensure reliable protection of the building (structure) from the weather, which is important for the capricious climate of the North-West region, characterized by high precipitation, low and often unexpectedly changing temperatures, strong winds, as well as mechanical impacts, ceramic bricks are used: an anchor for wood, price more than democratic is installed on the fasteners, it will create a reliable and durable connection between the base and the cladding. Interestingly, in this way, old houses are often effectively and relatively inexpensively renovated (expanded, strengthened, etc.). Buying a wood anchor is a good solution for a variety of building materials made of wood, including rounded logs and board materials made of wood, plywood and wooden beams; a wide range of sizes makes it possible to choose an optimal length wood anchor in accordance with the parameters of a particular load-bearing wooden wall.

Wood Anchor: Modern "Special Purpose" Construction Fasteners

Relatively inexpensive wood anchors, purchased online in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region with delivery, today are made from high-quality stainless steel, which is characterized by high corrosion resistance and strength. As a rule, the spacer-connecting element (also known as an anchor) for wood is equipped with a thread at one end, which allows mounting without pre-drilling using a special adapter, and the opposite end of this fastener has a complex geometry, due to which the wood anchor for a long time is firmly held in the masonry joint, reliably fixing the facing layer of ceramic bricks on the supporting wooden structure.

As for the number of fasteners that are widely demanded, it is recommended to use 6 to 8 wood anchors per square meter so that the final building structure is durable and stable. If the project provides for the creation of a ventilation space between the front brickwork and the insulation layer, then it is necessary to complete the anchor with special plastic clamps that are easily fixed to the spacer-connecting element and firmly fix the insulation (for example, basalt slab) at a given distance from ceramic bricks. As practice shows, such a gap ensures optimal removal of excess moisture from the surface of the heat-insulating layer during the entire operational life of the building (structure).

What is an anchor: general information

In general, it is customary to call an anchor a fastener that can withstand significant loads and is made of galvanized metal for fixing heavy monolithic (solid) building structures (also products or equipment) in such solid bases as wood (concrete, brick, natural stone); the word itself came from the German language and in translation means, of course, “anchor”. The element is held in the material by a stop or friction, and the reliability of fastening is ensured by spreading the anchor in the working hole using a special device: it can be a wedge or a nut, a screw or a bolt. To date, experts distinguish several varieties of anchors - not only by design or material of manufacture, but also by purpose.

Anchor for wood, which can now be bought quickly and easily on a site with intuitive navigation, provides optimal pairing of individual structures (load-bearing wooden walls, a layer of insulation, if any, an external protective and decorative layer of ceramic bricks) during construction on a widely used "frame » method, as well as using any locally popular natural wood building materials - both modern and traditional. Without exception, all presented fasteners are supplied with certificates confirming compliance with state quality standards provided by a responsible manufacturer.

For the use of various wood compounds in the field of construction, not only tools are indispensable, but also without appropriate experience. That is why for inexperienced craftsmen such connections are not always obtained accurately. One of the best options is for professionals to use a variety of array fasteners that are made of metal.

Many surviving architectural monuments made of wood were built without nails, using only an axe. This fact causes true pleasure to this day. However, centuries later, fasteners erected from metal, used to build solid wood structures, have changed radically, for this very reason it is pointless to repeat the experience of our ancestors today.

It is preferable to erect quickly and without difficulties. Let's talk in more detail about the fasteners offered by manufacturers, taking as an example the details that make it possible to simplify the connection of beams with floor logs or solid wall surfaces as much as possible.

Fasteners with perforation

When beams, as well as logs of the floor surface are hidden in the interior space, it is possible to connect them using beam shoes. This fastener for wood structures is suitable for fixing the array not only to wood, but also to concrete, brickwork. It is made from durable steel.

Manufacturers advise fastening such fasteners to the parts to be joined with special screws, and in case of excessive load, or fixing to stone material, use the holes for the necessary bolts. In addition to anchor shoes, today you can purchase special clamps, and much more.

tenon groove

This galvanized wood fastener consists of a tenon part and a groove part, which are joined together to ensure better transmission of horizontal as well as vertical forces.

The connection can be visible or hidden; for this purpose, steel parts are recessed in advance into special grooves.

Reiki three-dimensional

A modern Italian company produces fasteners that are placed perpendicularly and vertically at an angle, using T-type rails, created by extrusion from a high-strength steel alloy. They are produced in several modifications, provided for multi-level loads.

The fastening system must be selected according to the size range of the cross-sections of the combined beams and the dynamic and static loads acting on them.

During installation, the rack base is attached to the beam by means of self-tapping screws. Then, on the end part, attached to the base of the log beam, a groove is created of the same size as the rack shelf. In the absence of perforation, the shelf is equipped with a lag and the connection is fixed with self-tapping screws.

Hidden details Hedgehog

These connectors are steel washers, the base of which is equipped with holes drilled under the slope. These holes are for self-tapping screws. There is a threaded hole in the center of the washer into which a pin is inserted. Its free end is threaded into a special hole and fastened on the back side of the beam with a part with a washer.

The created connection works perfectly not only for pulling, but also for shearing. With excessive load in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe end part of the log, it is possible to install several elements at the same time.

Fasteners with complex thread

Unusual self-tapping screws, which make it possible to save time, money, since this option does not require metal parts. The self-tapping screws are threaded to help create a high degree of pull-out resistance, as well as being tightly screwed into an array that completely changes their traditional function.

In this case, the work of the screws is exclusively for pulling out, which gives them the opportunity to take most of the effort that falls on the connection. So, you can fasten elements at an angle, combine parts, minimizing their deflection, as in the photo of wood fasteners below.

Self-tapping screws for special purposes

Using such elements, rather massive wooden products are fastened. The hat has milled ribs and is easily recessed into the product, while the tip is created like a drill. In the middle of the screw, the cutter makes a larger hole, helping to pull the element as tightly as possible.

Self-tapping self-tapping screw will be useful for fastening door frames, window openings, solid wood sheathing to wood, metal. The self-tapping screw is screwed directly into the box, as well as the wall surface located behind it, or a power part.

The self-tapping screw acts as a weather vane for high-quality fastening of solid wood sheathing to a base made of steel. It has a tip in the form of a drill and wings placed above it to expand the hole in the tree.

When drilling metal products, the wings break. As a result, having made a thread in a metal part, the self-tapping screw fits snugly against it, while the element from the array is attracted to the metal by the cap.

Photo of wooden fasteners