Diseases of seedlings of pepper: causes and methods of struggle. Pepper leaf disease treatment. What makes pepper sick if pepper leaves curl, turn yellow, turn white, bloom on leaves, leaves and ovaries fall On pepper seedlings, small pimples

Causes of education and symptoms

Tubercles on leaf plates occur due to the presence of one of the following problems:

• oedema (swelling of the leaves);
• scab or aphids;
• thrips;
• spider mite.

To correctly determine the source of the formation of tubercles, it is necessary to carefully examine the affected leaf plate with a magnifying glass. Moving pimples indicate the presence of aphids, stationary brown (less often green or cream) - scale insects. White or greenish wart-like bumps are a symptom of puffy foliage. White bubbles and cobwebs are formed when infected with a spider mite, and clarified spots on the stems and leaf plates - when infected with thrips.

In addition to the color characteristics of the tubercles, each type of leaf lesion has a number of other symptoms. From them you can understand what the problems are connected with.

Oedema

The cause of physiological edema is a failure at the cellular level, due to which the liquid does not have time to be absorbed by the leaves and stagnates in the form of tubercles. This process can be triggered by the following factors:

• excess moisture in the soil;
• hypothermia of the root system;
• lack of sunlight or additional light;
• high air humidity;
• stress due to a sharp change in temperature and light conditions;
• too dense planting of sprouts to each other.

With edema, green or white tubercles look like watery capsules, dense to the touch. If too many of these pimples form on the leaf plates, the leaves turn yellow and fall off.

Shchitovka and aphids

The main sign of damage by these pests is the presence of a sticky substance (padi) on the foliage, produced during the life of insects. Seedlings can become infected from the soil or due to proximity to already diseased crops.

Symptoms of damage to pepper by aphids or scale insects:

• stunting under proper care conditions;
• twisting and yellowing of leaf plates;
• slower growth of sprouts;
• the presence of padi;
• a large number of larvae and adult insects on the inside of the leaf.

thrips

The main external sign of pepper damage by these insects is clarified spots, which eventually begin to merge into one. During the year, several generations of pests are formed at once. Seedlings infected with thrips quickly weaken and die without proper care.

Thrips are masked on the sheet, located on its back side. Without a special examination, it is extremely difficult to notice the defeat of these insects at an early stage, but the larger the population becomes, the easier it will be to determine the infection by the yellow color and the openwork grid of the leaf plates.

spider mite

Spider mites mainly live on the lower part of the leaf blades, occupying the entire plant as they become infected. Adult individuals (10-20 days from the moment of laying eggs) migrate very quickly from one shrub to another, capturing the entire landing area.

Tubercles, when infected with a spider mite, are located on the underside of the leaves, and a thin cobweb braids parts of the shrub. At the extreme stage of the lesion, the plant can be completely covered with cobwebs. It should be borne in mind that these pests are carriers of a large number of serious viral infections and fungal diseases that are dangerous to plant life.

Fighting methods

Pimples on pepper seedlings can be a harbinger of serious problems and even death of the plant. All the more important is the timely intervention and implementation of a set of measures aimed at improving the culture.

The choice of effective methods of struggle depends entirely on the causes of pimples. It is also important to consider the general condition of the plant. Sometimes pests have to be removed manually.

Actions for swelling of the leaves

Puffiness of the leaves is not a disease, therefore, it does not imply treatment, but the following measures should be taken to alleviate the condition of the seedlings:

• limit the amount of watering;
• maintain optimal air temperature (about 20 ° C);
• organize drainage holes in containers with seedlings to remove excess moisture;
• lengthen daylight hours by connecting fluorescent bulbs;
• temporarily cancel fertilization;
• control soil acidity;
• distribute the seedling bushes in such a way that sufficient air circulation takes place and all sprouts get access to light.

The complex of these actions helps to avoid the formation of pimples in the future, if they were caused by adverse environmental conditions.

Actions in case of pest infestation

If the pimples on the leaves of the seedlings of the pepper appeared due to harmful insects, it is necessary to quickly carry out a set of measures to combat them:

• Chemical measures - treatment of the plant with synthetic insecticides (preparations for the destruction of insect pests). This is the most effective method, potentially hazardous to human health, and requires additional security measures.
• Physical measures - flushing with soapy water or an alcohol solution, or manual destruction of insects.
• Biological measures - use against pests of their biological enemies (insects and birds) or the use of microbiological preparations.
• Natural insecticides - folk recipes, tinctures and decoctions (based on garlic, onions, peppers, tobacco, laundry soap, ash, wormwood, ground red pepper, kerosene, ammonia, etc.).

When treating a plant, the individual characteristics of each insect species should be taken into account. For example, trixes are extremely resistant to any control measures and require a minimum of 2 treatments during one season (using several drugs at the same time). It is much easier to get rid of a spider mite: it is enough to water the seedling abundantly and put a plastic bag on it for a couple of days, because these insects do not tolerate moisture very well.

A decrease in the population of insect pests is also facilitated by a change in external conditions: the introduction of moderate watering, frequent ventilation, isolation of infected plants. The success of the struggle depends not only on the use of the right remedy, but also on when it began to be used.

Prevention of the formation of pimples

The problems associated with the formation of tubercles during the cultivation of pepper seedlings can be avoided by methodically carrying out a set of preventive measures. We include:

• disinfection of seed (potassium permanganate solution, ash, Baktofit or Albit);
• thorough loosening and mulching of the soil;
• preventive use of insecticides or folk remedies (twice a season);
• development and use of an optimal irrigation and humidification system;
• regulation of plant access to light, the use of sources of additional lighting;

Growing pepper. Why do peppers drop leaves and flowers. Spider mite and root rot. Video

Peppers (part 12), we process from pests 27.04.2015

Conclusion

Leaf bumps are a common sign of unhealthy seedlings. To provoke the appearance of pimples can damage the plant by pests or violation of the conditions of cultivation. Timely measures taken can save pepper seedlings and contribute to the formation and maturation of a rich harvest.

Beginning vegetable growers often face these problems. By adhering to the recommendations for care, they can be avoided.

Sweet pepper is one of the vegetable crops that is suitable both for eating raw and for preparing salads, main dishes, and for preservation. But in order to get a rich harvest, you first need to properly grow and prepare seedlings for open ground.

And during this period, you can encounter various troubles, since the culture is quite tender and demanding on conditions. For example, most often farmers notice that strange white pimples have appeared on pepper seedlings. What caused this phenomenon and how to eliminate it - we will deal in detail with all the reasons in this article.

The main factors that provoke such damage to seedlings are:

1. Wrong care. It affects either excessive soil moisture, or lack of light and fresh air, or both reasons in combination.
2. Diseases. Peppers are most often affected by pests such as spider mites, scale insects, and aphids.

Why are pimples on peppers dangerous?

Each of the causes of damage to seedlings of peppers in the form of pimples carries a certain threat.

Wrong care

With excessive humidity and lack of light, the leaves begin to "swell", pimples form on the seedlings of peppers. This all eventually leads to Oedema's disease, or popularly called "dropsy of peppers."

It is not difficult to distinguish such a phenomenon - several leaves are covered with dense, wart-like or white mold-like tubercles, seemingly watery.

At the same time, part of the root system dies off, and if seedling care is not corrected in time, it may eventually die completely. If timely measures are taken, then the situation can be corrected, the plants will recover.

spider mite

It is a sucking arachnid. Of all the species of such a pest, peppers are most often affected by one - Tetranychus urticae. It pierces the leaves and sucks the juice out of them, and then weaves a web and lays its eggs in it. The larvae hatch within 25 days.

The first signs of infection are precisely the strange pimples on the seedlings of peppers. If you do not understand the reason, then further you will observe how the foliage acquires a marble hue, some individual sheets are completely covered with cobwebs.

As a result of the activity of this pest on seedlings, plants die, since they still do not have enough strength to fight. If the spider mite already infects adults in the open field, then this is fraught with a yield loss of more than half.

Shchitovka

There are 2 types of pests here - the scale insect itself and the false scale insect. On the plant, both species look like brown-brown-yellow plaques or strange pimples. The danger of these pests is that they suck the juice from the leaves, depriving the plant of nutrients. The leaves eventually turn yellow, dry out, fall off, and the young and still fragile plants themselves die.

Important! It takes only a couple of hours for the larvae of a common scale insect to hatch from eggs, so infection and damage to pepper seedlings occurs literally at lightning speed.

Aphid

Aphids are another fast-growing pest that infests the surface of both stems and leaves. Like other insects, it feeds on aphid seedling sap, very quickly leading it to an absolutely unviable state.

What to do? Control measures to eliminate pimples

The measures that will be appropriate if pimples appear on the leaves of peppers depend on the specific cause. So deal with it first. Next, proceed according to the situation, focusing on the recommendations below.

Inappropriate conditions of detention

The simplest case, in which it is quite accurate to organize the correct mode of keeping seedlings.

What to do to remove pimples:

1. Carefully remove damaged leaves - they can no longer be restored.
2. Reduce watering in the next 2 weeks, taking a dosage slightly lower than the standard. It is better to use the technique of watering from a syringe directly under the roots of plants or watering in trays. If this is usually done 1 time in 2-3 days, now the interval can be doubled.
3. Move the seedling containers to a brighter location with good sunlight.

Mite

To combat the spider mite, which caused the appearance of incomprehensible pimples on pepper seedlings, different methods are suitable.

If everything is in order with watering and care, create conditions of high humidity for several days.

For this:

1. Water the seedlings generously.
2. Cover with plastic wrap for 3 days.
3. Make sure that the seedlings themselves do not suffer during this period.

You can effectively get rid of this pest with the help of special preparations.

The following tools help a lot:

• "Akarin";
• "Sunmite";
• "Fitoverm";
• "Vermitek".

Prepare solutions exactly according to the manufacturer's instructions. The procedure is carried out twice with an interval of a week. Foliage is sprayed on both sides.

Important! Please note that the tick can migrate, including to indoor plants. Therefore, place containers with seedlings at a remote distance or better in another room.

Aphids and scale insects

If the reason that pimples appeared on the leaves of the peppers was an aphid or scale insect, urgently take action. First, manually clean the foliage with an unnecessary toothbrush from pests.

1. Wash the leaves with a soapy solution prepared from 5 g of shavings and 1 liter of water.
2. Spray the seedlings with a solution of 20 g of liquid soap, a few drops of ammonia and 2 liters of water.
3. Prepare a solution of wood ash or tobacco dust and water. The proportion is for 1 glass of powder 1 liter of water. Infuse the mixture to combat aphids and scale insects for 1 day. To enhance the mixture, you can add 1 tbsp just before pollination. liquid soap. Processing is performed every morning for several days in a row until a clear result is noticeable.

Also use special chemicals.

In this case, the following will be effective:

• "Confidor";
• "Karbofos";
• "Aktara";
• "Fury";
• "Aktelik";
• "Phosbecid".

Prevention measures

To avoid more problems with seedlings of peppers - neither in the form of incomprehensible pimples, nor other signs of disease or plant death, follow the following preventive measures.

General rules:

1. Sow seedlings as early as possible.
2. Keep distances between individuals.
3. Watering should be done with warm, preferably settled water.
4. Normalize the temperature regime for seedlings and provide good access to sunlight.
5. Don't forget to loosen the soil.

Choosing the Right Soil

For growing seedlings of peppers, ready-made store-bought soil mixtures are excellent, which include in their composition all the necessary substances.

If you use land from your site, then:

• Do not take the soil on which nightshade crops grew last year.
• Well suited land after garlic, carrots or onions, mustard, rye.
• Add peat and ash to the soil - usually 1 part of the additives is taken per double the volume of the soil itself.

Disease prevention

Any disease does not arise from scratch.

Most often, there are certain prerequisites for this, for example:

1. Infected soil. To eliminate this factor, be sure to disinfect the soil before planting seeds, regardless of whether it is land from your garden or purchased. Choose any convenient method for this - calcining, steaming, treating with potassium permanganate, freezing.
2. Infected seed. To protect seedlings from pests, seed treatment before planting with a solution of potassium permanganate will help. Usually, potassium permanganate powder is diluted 3-5 g in 10 liters of water. The planting material is kept in the disinfectant mixture for about half an hour. An ash solution is also suitable, for the preparation of which they take 2 tbsp. powder per 1 liter of liquid. You can also use special preparations, for example, "Albit", "Bactofit".

hardening

It is necessary to harden pepper seedlings to prevent the appearance of pimples on the leaves after transplanting into open ground only when the leaves become sufficiently dense and elastic. Otherwise, the result may be the opposite: all seedlings will die.

Rules of procedure:

1. Temperature - 10-12C.
2. The first 2-3 times the seedlings are taken out into the open air for a maximum of 2-3 hours. Further - each time the hardening time is extended by 1 hour. Finally, leave it on all night.
3. Put the plants not in the sun, but in the shade.

picking

The root system of peppers is very delicate, so the picking is performed very carefully, adhering to the following recommendations:

1. Carry out the first pick no earlier than 2 full-fledged leaves are formed - approximately a month after planting the seeds.
2. Disinfect the container in which you will transplant the seedlings. Peat pots are best suited for this purpose, which are also feed for peppers.
3. Prepare a suitable soil mixture, considering the recommendations above.
4. Take the plants by the top, lower them into the new hole by about 5 cm.
5. Lightly tamp the soil and water the seedlings.

top dressing

1. The first feeding of peppers for their full development is carried out on the 14th day after picking. The second - in another 10 days.
2. The most effective preparations for feeding seedlings are Krepysh, Lux, Agricola, Fertika.

Attentive attitude to seedlings and providing normal conditions for its development is the key to a good harvest in the future. Therefore, do not ignore the necessary care measures and respond in a timely manner if pimples suddenly appear on the leaves of peppers or other damage.

There are many diseases of pepper seedlings. Read the article on how to get rid of pests and diseases of green crops.

Bulgarian pepper belongs to plants with a long period of growth. Therefore, seedlings are first grown from seeds, and then the plant is planted in the ground. The quality of the seedlings depends on what the vegetable harvest will be.

• Young seedlings are exposed to various diseases.
• Pepper seedling diseases can be infectious and non-infectious.
• Non-infectious diseases or damage affect negatively only the plant itself - a broken branch, a fallen flower. Seedlings of any plant suffer from non-communicable diseases if agricultural practices are not followed. This may be a violation of the temperature regime, a lack or excess of nutrients, lack of timely watering.
• Infectious diseases are transmitted to other crops and can infect them. These are various fungal rot, viral diseases, bacterial spotting.
• Infectious diseases are more difficult to tolerate by plants. But this problem can be eliminated using well-known methods.

When the gardener notices aphids on the leaves, panic sets in. After all, I want the harvest to be good. How is the fight against aphids on seedlings of peppers - methods:

• Pyrethrum- chamomile plants. If you plant it near the culture, the aphid will disappear forever. Feverfew produces deadly substances for such insects.
• ladybugs are predators for aphids that eat it. To attract these insects to your site, you need to plant a yarrow.
• Spraying crops with aphids with different solutions: garlic with laundry soap- Pour 250 grams of garlic with 2 liters of boiling water. Add grated 20 grams of laundry soap, dissolve well. Pour the resulting mixture with 8 liters of water. For spraying, take 2 liters of infusion and dissolve in 10 liters of water.
• Dry mustard- Brew 30 grams of this powder in 250 grams of water. Infuse for two days in a closed jar. Then add water up to 10 liters, and spray the plants with this solution.
• Soda with laundry soap- dissolve a tablespoon of soda and 30 grams of soap in 1 liter of water. It is not necessary to insist on such a solution, immediately spray the young leaves and stems.

Choose one of the presented ways to deal with aphids, and help seedlings cope with such a malignant disease.

Yellow leaves on seedlings - a lack of nutrients. If the leaves turn yellow on top, the plant lacks iron, manganese, zinc. When the lower leaves turn yellow, there is not enough phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium and magnesium. What to do in this case? Do the following:

• Fertilize the earth with a ready-made complex with microelements. It can be bought in special stores.
• Take the shell of one egg and crush it well in a mortar. Add one pinch of the resulting powder under each bush.
• Keep plants out of direct sunlight.

If the pepper seedlings still turn yellow, pay attention to waterlogging the soil. The seedlings first withered and then turned yellow - insufficient watering. The seedlings turned yellow, but did not dry out, stop watering for a couple of days.

Important: When seedlings are planted in peat pots, you need to make sure that the soil does not dry out. The walls of this container quickly become dry, so water the plants every day in small portions.

If the leaves of a young pepper begin to curl, this should be corrected immediately. The reason for this phenomenon may be the lack of nutrients in the soil. But the main one is pests. Why do pepper seedlings curl the top leaves: how to process?

• Spider mites and aphids- in addition to twists on the leaves, a slight yellowing of the sheet is observed. Onion tincture will help: pour 1 cup of onion peel with a liter of hot water. Steep for 24 hours and then spray the plants. Repeat the procedure after 5 days.
• larvae in the soil- the leaves are strongly twisted, but the plant develops normally and dies only by mid-March. Take immediate action: make a pink solution of potassium permanganate and pour seedlings over it. To prevent this from happening again, water the soil with boiling water before planting.

Important: Often leaf curl occurs due to uneven growth of different parts of the leaf. In this case, nothing needs to be done. Over time, this problem will disappear by itself.

When a gardener grows seedlings, he tries to do everything so that they develop well. But often there are problems with the growth of the plant, and I want to immediately help the green culture. What to do when pepper seedlings have stopped growing?

• Root and root rot- stop watering for a few days. Then water as usual, but not too much.
• Corking of root tissue- treat the soil with a special solution from the store: Fitosporin or Baikal Em-1.
• Use of high-moor peat instead of land- it can only be used as a component to a regular ground. Seedlings can be grown in peat only in the first weeks. Then it needs to be transplanted into the ground.

In order to grow good seedlings, you need a lot of experience. Gradually, from year to year, each gardener gains this experience and enjoys a new rich harvest.

The fight against spider mites is a difficult and painstaking job. The tick quickly adapts to chemicals, and insecticides do not work on it. How to get rid of spider mites on pepper seedlings?

One effective method has been described above. If it doesn't help, use insecticides. They enter the intestines of the tick and infect the pest. These drugs are sold in stores with gardening equipment.

Tip: To protect a young plant from this disease, take preventive actions.

Prevention consists in processing the beds with infusion of calendula and marigolds. Soak 400 grams of flowers of these plants in two liters of water. Insist for 3 days. Then dilute the resulting infusion to 4 liters, and spray the seedlings with it.

The juicy and green leaves of pepper seedlings attract many pests. Who can eat pepper seedlings? What to process? You can see such pests on damaged leaves:

• naked slug- this pest eats the plant if it is planted in a greenhouse. Treat the green culture with a solution of water (1 liter) and ammonia (1 tablespoon).
• On the leaves of already grown seedlings, you can see the larvae of the Colorado potato beetle.. They need to be removed from the leaves and destroyed. Spray the seedlings with an aqueous infusion of dry celandine leaves.
• large insects can eat seedlings that are already planted in the ground. Bears and scoops should be dealt with with the help of special biological products.
• sprout fly- dangerous in the first phase of the plant's life. Spill the earth with a solution of potassium permanganate.

Tip: Start pest control as early as possible. Visual inspection of the beds will help to detect insects; damaged plants are immediately noticeable.

Before planting a plant in the purchased land, you need to steam the soil well. At home, this can be done using a water bath or a conventional oven. The temperature in the oven should not exceed 70 degrees. This will help to get rid of various microorganisms and pest larvae.

But, if pimples still appeared on the seedlings of peppers, what should I do in this case? Adviсe:

• Waterlogging of the soil and lack of light- reduce watering and reduce humidity in the room with ventilation.
• spider mite- first pimples appear, and then cobwebs. The methods of dealing with this pest have been described above. You can create conditions of high humidity. Water the seedlings and cover with foil for 3 days. But make sure that such a greenhouse does not damage the seedlings themselves.
• Shchitovka- This is a pest that has a detrimental effect on young pepper leaves. Prepare this solution: dissolve 20 grams of liquid soap and ammonia in 2 liters of cold water. Treat the leaves of the plant.

Try different methods of pest control. This will help you find your own method of curing young leaves from diseases.

It is visually difficult to determine why pepper seedlings wither. You will have to get one plant out of the ground to see the cause of the disease. Possible causes of wilted leaves:

• Water stagnation. If the drainage holes are scanty, excess moisture does not leave after watering - the soil is oversaturated, the roots suffocate.
• Dry indoor air. Seedlings should be warm, but it is forbidden to put it near the battery. Move the container with the young culture to another place.
• drafts. If the seedlings are on the windowsill, the plants may be exposed to cold air currents. Change the location of seedling pots or stop drafts.
• Insufficient watering. When examining the culture, you saw sluggish or dried roots, urgently water the rest of the seedlings. Water it more often to keep the soil moderately saturated with moisture.

Often, in order for the seedlings to stop withering, you just need to rearrange the boxes or pots with plants to another place.

Due to improper care, a disease such as a black leg occurs. What to do if the leg of the seedlings of pepper turned black? Causes and tips on how to get rid of the problem:

• Over watering or stagnant water in the container with planted crops - water the seedlings with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Watering should be carried out less often than usual.
• Fusarium fungal disease- occurs if the soil was poorly disinfected. If you notice the disease right away, transplant the plants to another box of cultivated soil.
• Overheat- move the containers with seedlings to another place, and the problem will disappear.
• direct sunlight can burn leaves and dry out the ground. If the sun shines on your seedlings during the day, move it to another place or cover the young shoots with paper.

Water the seedlings with humates or humic acids. You can buy them in specialized stores.

The whitefly is a white midge. Such a dangerous pest can destroy a plant in a couple of weeks. Likes heat and high humidity. If larvae have appeared, then it is much more difficult to deal with this pest. Therefore, it is important to notice the insect as early as possible. How to get rid of whiteflies on pepper seedlings? Adviсe:

• Remove and destroy any damaged leaves, they may have larvae on them.
• The natural enemies of this pest are lacewings and ladybugs. Read above how you can attract these beneficial insects to the site.
• Spray plants with insecticides - Aktara. Do not forget about safety measures: gloves, a respirator and goggles.
• Glue traps for flies - breed them at a distance of up to 1 meter from each other.
• Low air temperature - a cool room will help to destroy the pest.

Tip: If the pest is not too much, you can spray the seedlings with garlic infusion: insist 150 grams of chopped garlic in 1 liter of water for a week. Then dilute 5 grams (1 teaspoon) of the concentrate in 1 liter of water.

Powdery mildew is a disease that affects the entire plant and is characterized by the appearance of a white coating on the leaves. At first, plaque is noticeable only on one or a few leaves, then the area affected by the disease increases. How to treat pepper seedlings if there is a white coating on the leaves? Adviсe:

• Inspect all plants and remove affected leaves.
• Iodine solution help to cope with the disease - dilute 5 drops of iodine in 0.5 liters of water and sprinkle the leaves.
• Fungicides- are sold in specialized stores (Abiga-Peak, Acrobat MC, Alirin B and others).
• Weak solution of potassium permanganate helps to fight many pests and diseases of plants.
• soda solution- Dissolve 1 teaspoon of baking soda in 1 liter of water. Add 20 grams of chopped hoz. soap. Thoroughly mix all the ingredients and spray the seedlings.
• Change the soil in the box and transplant the plants into the new soil.

Good care and constant inspection of plants will help to identify diseases in the early stages. Thanks to this, pest control will be much easier.

As the plants grow, they begin to touch each other and shade with leaves. Each culture begins to fight for living space, and reach up. What to do if seedlings of peppers stretched out? Adviсe:

• Good for hardening seedlings. In the first few days after the appearance of the first leaves, the air temperature in the room during the day should be up to 18 degrees, and at night - up to 15 degrees. If the air temperature is high, the growth of the roots stops and the growth of the stem and leaves begins.
• Water the seedlings after the appearance of true leaves.
• Timely pick the plant, removing the lower part of the main root of the culture.

If you follow all the tips for caring for seedlings, destroying pests and picking correctly, you can get a rich harvest of peppers. A vegetable grown by one's own hands will be tastier and healthier than one bought at the market or in a supermarket.

Video: Causes of death of pepper seedlings

March 14, 2017

Back in February, a hardworking summer resident is preparing for the summer season. With love, he buys the best soil for seedlings, takes out his seeds from the bins or buys elite varieties, plants the seeds and rejoices in the emergence of seedlings, the first leaves. And when the peppers that have risen in unison have grown a little and begin to hurt, this is very upsetting for the summer resident, who has invested love and best expectations from a rich harvest. When faced with a seedling disease for the first time, he begins to look for clues on the Internet, posting photos and describing the problem.

Pimples on pepper can appear for various reasons.

Often there are cries for help, about pimples on young pepper leaves. If pimples appear on the leaves of your pepper seedlings, there may be various reasons, we will try to help you and consider different options. To avoid or minimize seedling diseases, preventive measures are needed. All nightshade peppers, tomatoes, eggplants are subject to the same diseases. Agronomists recommend not neglecting crop rotation, not planting nightshades in the same place for up to 3 years, taking breaks.

Soil and seed preparation - healthy seedlings

Before you start growing healthy and strong seedlings, you need to carefully prepare the land for planting seeds. If you take your land, take it not after nightshade, but it is desirable that onions or garlic, carrots grow on it before that. And after harvesting, ideally, siderates (mustard, rye, colza, etc.) were also sown, which enrich the soil with nitrogen and improve its quality. But even in this case, it is better to prepare the soil for planting by adding compost or rotted manure, sand for looseness, what a particular crop requires.

Pepper loves the addition of peat and wood ash. It is necessary to disinfect the earth from diseases.

If the soil is bought in the best stores and it is beautifully written there, how it is saturated with microelements and useful substances, taken from the best points of the planet Earth from under the most melted glaciers, and so on, you can believe this, but it is better to steam and disinfect this valuable land. Often it is packaged when changing land in greenhouses and the land, in addition to added fertilizers, is full of a bouquet of diseases. How to properly steam the earth?

There are several methods, in summer conditions you can steam it in a water bath for half an hour, at home, it is recommended to warm it up in the oven no higher than 70 degrees for half an hour. You can use freezing in winter by exposing the soil to low temperatures, or it is good to shed the soil for seedlings with a hot solution of potassium permanganate until it completely evaporates.

The land bought in the store should be steamed in a water bath

Seed preparation

Seedling diseases do not come from nowhere. Their suppliers are infected soil and seeds. If you want to avoid the questions “what are the pimples on the leaves of my pepper?” - take preventive measures. This will significantly reduce the risks of diseases and bring the desired harvest closer. Own or purchased seeds - you need to disinfect, or, as experienced gardeners say, "pickle". How to do it? To disinfect the seeds, it is recommended to lower them for 30-40 minutes in a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

It can be disinfected with ready-made, low-toxic agents: Baktofit, Albit or ash solution in relation to water per 1 liter of water 2 tablespoons of wood ash. Dip the seeds in the solution for 5 hours in a gauze bag. If you do these simple manipulations, the risk of getting pepper seedling diseases will be minimal. But if the disease is already there and the information is late, we will deal with it.

Baktofit effectively destroys fungi and bacteria

Pimples on peppers

What are these pimples on the leaves of tender pepper seedlings? Consider the options. The most innocuous of the options, you are overwatering your seedlings and there is not enough light for them. In such a situation, edema of the leaves occurs, Oedema. This problem is more common in greenhouses, you need to reduce watering and reduce humidity by airing. At home, it is enough to change the conditions, reduce watering and change the place to a sunnier one and the problem will disappear.

Another cause with similar symptoms of the disease is the spider mite. First, “pimples” appear on the pepper leaves, similar to white bubbles, then the spread intensifies, and cobwebs appear. The mites are destructive to seedlings. One of the methods of dealing with it is the creation of conditions of high humidity in which the tick dies. Water the plant abundantly and cover with polyethylene for 3 days. Make sure that the pepper itself is not damaged and does not burn out in this shake from the high temperatures of the "greenhouse".

From ready-made chemicals, suitable for combating ticks:

• Fitoverm;
• Akarin;
• Vermitech;
• Sunmite.

When moisturizing spraying, carry out the procedure in the morning or in the evening, otherwise the water droplets can burn the pepper leaves with the help of the sun and you will puzzle over the cause of new, burn spots.

Spider mite on pepper leaves

Aphids, scale insects and false scale insects can cause tubercles or pimples on the foliage of young peppers. These pests can come from houseplants even if you have prepared the soil and seeds. Aphids and scale insects are characterized by the appearance of honeydew, a sticky liquid on a leaf, that they have isolated. The false scale insect does not secrete such a secret, and it can be distinguished only by easily separating it from the shell. How to protect the plant from these pests? Soap-ammonia solution works effectively. For 2 liters of water, add 20 grams of liquid soap and ammonia, treat the plant.

Of the finished chemicals are effective:

• Karbafos;
• Fury;
• Confidor;
• Aktara.

The shield itself must be cleaned manually, using a toothbrush or a cloth moistened with an alcohol (soap) solution. After removing the pest, it is necessary to treat with solutions "Aktelik", "Phosbecid". Recommend the use of neem oil, promising a good effect against pests.

Seedling hardening

It is not necessary to harden off pepper seedlings until the leaves become dense, as they are overly sensitive to strong drops in temperature. It is enough for the temperature to drop to + 12, and then the young leaves will instantly wither, and in the future they will die. It should be remembered that any seedling will grow more slowly in the cold. You can take out the plant only in a closed balcony and in sunny weather. So that the soil does not dry out, it is necessary to monitor regular watering and spraying.

Only strong and well-formed pepper seedlings can be hardened off.

Important points when growing

• it is necessary to start sowing pepper as early as possible;
• be sure to observe the distance between plants;
• dive sprouted seedlings in a timely manner, trying not to damage the root system;
• carry out frequent spraying;
• carry out abundant watering with warm water;
• observe the temperature regime;
• selection of high-quality soil for sowing seeds;
• timely loosening of the soil;
• during the fertilization period, observe the dosage of drugs;
• it is necessary to plant a plant in areas where there is no shade. The more sun, the better for the pepper;
• if necessary, tie up the plant.

You cannot insure yourself against all diseases, but forewarned means forearmed. For a gardener, you need to know preventive measures, ways to fight and get a good harvest of pepper through labor.

Avoid epidemics in your garden, and if this happens, try to provide the necessary assistance to your plants in a timely manner.

Record Pepper Seedling Diseases: Pimpled Leaves first appeared by SeloMoe.

Experienced summer residents even in winter begin to think about sowing and planting on the land. Gardeners with love and excitement get acquainted with literature and buy seeds. After that, the seeds are planted and look forward to sprouts, and then they rejoice at the first sprouts and wait for the heat when it will be possible to plant the seedlings in open ground.

Vegetable growers inspect their crops every day, and if they find any deviations, then this brings a lot of grief and worries. Often, pimples appear on young leaves on pepper seedlings. The paper will consider the main causes of tubercles on the leaves and the main measures for the care and prevention of seedlings.

Preparatory work

In order to obtain healthy and viable seedlings of pepper, some time must be devoted to preparing the soil and seed material. Experts advise using a special primer, which is sold in stores. And if you are planning to take your land from a summer house or from a plot, then be sure to check that it is not after nightshade crops.

A good soil for growing pepper seedlings is the land after carrots, garlic or onions. The land after sowing green manure has good qualities, rye, colza, mustard are used as such crops, such plants enrich the soil with nitrogen fertilizers. Before sowing pepper seeds, the soil should be warmed up and enriched with compost or manure, and sand is added for looseness.

Important! Peppers love well-drained and structured soil, such properties are achieved using peat and ash.

In peppers, peppers are very susceptible to disease, so it is imperative to carry out disinfection. For disinfection, the soil should be treated with boiling water and shed with a solution of potassium permanganate.

You can steam the soil in several ways:

• steaming in a water bath for about 30 minutes;
• in the oven at a temperature of 70 degrees and above, about 40 minutes;
• pour hot solution of potassium permanganate.

Also, the soil can be frozen, for this it must be taken out in the cold.

Seed material also needs to be prepared for sowing, as diseases can be contained either in the soil or in the seeds. For disinfection of seeds, the following measures and preparations are used:

• pack the seeds in a cloth bag and soak in a weak solution of potassium permanganate for 35 minutes;
• the use of drugs - "baktofit" or "albit";
• two tablespoons of wood ash are dissolved in a liter of water and a bag of seeds is lowered there.

Pimples on seedlings

Often gardeners are concerned about the question: what are the tubercles on pepper leaves? A common cause of their occurrence is a lack of light or waterlogging of the soil. To prevent the appearance of pimples, you need to reduce watering, carry out regular ventilation and provide access to sunlight.

Sometimes, the appearance of pimples can be the cause. When a tick appears on the leaf plates, bubbles form, and then a light cobweb appears. The tick does not like waterlogging, so it quickly dies at high humidity levels.

Also, the following drugs are used to destroy the tick:

• "Fitoverm";
• "Akarin";
• "Vermitek";
• Sunmite.

These drugs contain substances that have a detrimental effect on ticks, aphids and thrips. Indoor flowers can become carriers of ticks, so when treating seedlings, flowers should also be treated.

Important! When you get rid of pimples by moisturizing, you must not forget about exposure to sunlight, which can form spots on wet leaves.

Based on many years of observations, vegetable growers have developed the following reasons for the appearance of pimples on leaf plates:

1. The presence of high soil moisture and lack of light. Such conditions cause the appearance of edema of the leaf plates. To eliminate swelling, you need to move the seedlings to a brighter place and reduce watering.
2. The presence of a mite can lead to the death of seedlings. The appearance of a tick on seedlings is easy to recognize, the main sign is the presence of cobwebs on the leaves and stems of the plant. In these cases, water the seedlings abundantly and cover with a film for about three days, the mites die in such conditions without causing any harm to the seedlings.
3. The presence of aphids or scale insects is due to the presence of a sticky liquid on the leaves. If you touch the leaves and they stick to your fingers, then this is 100% aphids or scale insects. Each side of the plant should be inspected.

Picking pepper seedlings

Pepper has a very fragile and sensitive root system, so it must be dived with extreme caution. The plant is subject to picking at the stage of formation of 2 leaves, while the roots are deepened by about 50 millimeters. Two leaves of seedlings appear about a month after sowing the seeds.

Before picking, it is necessary to prepare a box or box in which the plants will be transplanted. The soil soil must be moistened, experts recommend transplanting seedlings into separate peat pots.

Peat pots provide convenience when planting seedlings in the ground. Moreover, the pots themselves are additional fertilizer, which has a beneficial effect on the rooting of pepper.

When picking, it is better to take the seedling by the upper part of the plant and lower it into the prepared hole. The recess should provide enough space for an even distribution of the roots. Sprinkle with earth on top and tamp a little.

After planting, the seedlings are watered until completely soaked, if the soil has sagged, it is necessary to add soil.

Top dressing of seedlings

Peppers at the seedling stage require regular feeding. The first is carried out 14 days after the dive, the second - 10 days after the first feeding. The following preparations are used as dressings:

• "Agricola";
• "Fortress";
• "Fertika";
• "Lux".

Before planting in open ground, seedlings should be hardened off, shaded from direct sunlight and protected from wind and drafts.

Hardening of pepper seedlings

Hardening of pepper seedlings is carried out only during the period when the leaves have become dense. The air temperature during hardening of pepper seedlings should be above 15 degrees Celsius. If the temperature is below this indicator, the seedlings will wither and die. Young seedlings are very demanding on heat and sun.

Young plants should be taken out to the balcony or loggia, only in the presence of sunny weather. At the time of hardening, watering should be monitored and in no case should the soil dry out.

Pest Control Measures

To kill aphids on pepper seedlings, use the following solutions:

1. For two liters of water, add 20 g of crushed soap and 20 g of ammonia. The resulting solution should be watered seedlings.
2. Use of chemicals:

• "Karbafos";
• "Fury";
• "Confidor";
• "Actara".

In a pest called a scale insect, the surface of the body is covered with a protective shield, therefore, to destroy it, a brush is first used, with which it is shaken off the seedling leaves. The brush must be moistened with alcohol or soapy water.

After that, chemicals are used, such as Actellik, Phosbecid. These preparations very effectively help to get rid of the pest and they must be used in accordance with the instructions attached to them, processing from the back of the leaves.

And, of course, it should be noted that nothing is better than preventive measures, it has been clear for a long time that it is better to prevent than to lose part of the seedlings from diseases and pests.

For seedlings of pepper, you need to create comfortable conditions for the place of growth, that is, develop the correct watering regimen and conduct regular ventilation.

And also systematically loosen the soil and spray the seedlings with water from a spray bottle. To prevent scale insects from penetrating your peppers, keep them away from indoor flowers.

Important steps in growing peppers

Peppers are heat-loving plants and therefore, when growing seedlings, a number of agricultural practices must be observed:

• it is desirable to sow seedlings in early March;
• holding do not endure damage to root systems. Damage leads to the death of the seedling;
• carrying out regular spraying with water from a spray bottle;
• providing irrigation with warm water;
• compliance with the optimal temperature regime;
• careful preparation of soil for sowing seeds;
• systematic loosening and fertilization;
• location of seedlings in the field with access to sunlight.

Important! Inspection should be carried out every day and if damage and developmental abnormalities begin to appear on the plants, the plants should be immediately assisted.

Conclusion

Pepper is a moisture-loving and light-loving plant that requires scrupulous care. The article outlines the main causes of the appearance of pimples on leaf plates and methods for combating and restoring seedlings. After reviewing the main events, you will be able to grow fragrant and juicy peppers.

You should not be afraid to grow seedlings on your own, especially since it is not known what seedlings you will buy on the market, but plants grown with your own hands will bring a harvest that you will never forget. Moreover, pepper is a component of many winter sunsets, so you will remember pepper even in winter. After reviewing the materials that the page represents, you will not be worried about the question: Why did the pepper have pimples?