Why is mouse fever dangerous for humans? Mouse fever, symptoms in men. Treatment in children and adults

Mice and rats are carriers of dangerous infectious diseases. Not everyone knows the symptoms and treatment of mouse fever. Natural focal infections include hemorrhagic fever and tularemia. A distinctive feature is that, under favorable conditions, they spread in a limited area, and animals are carriers.

Mouse fever (HFRS hemorrhagic fever) is a rare but very dangerous disease. Infection occurs when the virus is transmitted from rodents to humans. The infection can lead to severe kidney damage and result in disability or death.

Virus transmission

The virus is usually transmitted by airborne dust, contaminated food, and dirty hands. Infection from person to person does not occur. This disease more often affects rural residents, as they have closer contact with rodents. Rodents live in the courtyard with pets, in the field, in the garden. HFRS is characterized by seasonal outbreaks from May to October.

The main carriers of the virus are Norwegian rats and vole mice, but they themselves do not get sick. The infection spreads through waste products (urine and feces).

There are 3 main routes of infection:

1. Airborne dust occurs when infected dust is inhaled.
2. Alimentary - through contaminated foods.
3. Contact is when a virus enters the body through damaged skin through contact with infected objects or animals.

Usually, the disease is single, less often focal outbreaks are observed when several people are infected at the same time.

The course of the disease

Mouse fever has several periods:

1. The incubation period ranges from 7 to 46 days, but usually the disease begins to manifest itself 21-25 days after infection. At this time, the person feels healthy, and there are no symptoms of the disease.
2. Further, the disease takes on an acute form that lasts no more than 3 days. A very high temperature rises to + 40 ° C, headache, dry mouth, weakness and chills, redness of the face, neck and chest appear. The appearance of a hemorrhagic rash and conjunctivitis is possible. Sometimes the symptoms are not pronounced, and the disease manifests itself as a cold.
3. In the oligouric period, renal and hemorrhagic manifestations begin. This stage is recorded from 2-4 days. The patient is very feverish, but after 4-6 days of illness, the temperature decreases without improving the general condition. Intense pains in the lower back and abdomen begin to torment. Vomiting joins this state. Kidneys are affected. This is expressed in swelling of the face and eyelids, urine flow decreases, sometimes stops. The body is covered with small subcutaneous hemorrhages.
4. A week later, the polyuric period begins. Symptoms are smoothed out. Pain subsides, vomiting stops, and the amount of urine excreted becomes higher than normal - sometimes more than 5 liters. Great weakness present.
5. The last period is the period of convalescence. Renal function is restored, rashes disappear and the condition returns to normal.

Symptoms of GLTS

Hemorrhagic fever is dangerous because it has symptoms similar to other diseases. It is important to make the correct diagnosis on time and prescribe adequate treatment in order to avoid serious complications.

One of the main symptoms is an increased temperature up to + 40 ° С

Particular attention should be paid to children, as they are more sensitive to the virus, and their incubation period is faster. Symptoms of the second and third periods are more acute.

The first signs of mouse fever in men and women are the same. The disease is recorded more often in people aged 15 to 55 years, for inexplicable reasons, men are more susceptible to infection with the virus.

The main symptoms of mouse fever in adults are:

• temperature rise up to + 40 ° С;
• pain and aches in muscles and joints;
• severe chills;
• weakness;
• sharp, prolonged headaches, similar to migraines;
• decreased vision, photophobia, the appearance of a blurry mesh;
• bleeding from the eyes, nose and gums;
• the appearance of red spots on the face and neck;
• small rash on the trunk and armpits;
• pain in the lower back;
• lowering blood pressure and heart rate;
• vomit,
• a sharp decrease in urine output, swelling.

Diagnosis of the disease

To make the correct diagnosis, it is necessary to find out from the patient whether he has had contact with carriers of the disease, in which places the person has stayed lately.

An accurate diagnosis of HFRS can only be made after a series of laboratory tests. To do this, you must pass a urine, feces and blood test.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay helps to identify specific antibodies. The virus is detected using the polymerase chain reaction. Kidney damage is determined by a biochemical blood test. The presence of blood in the analysis of feces indicates bleeding in the digestive organs.

HFRS treatment

Treatment of hemorrhagic fever must necessarily be carried out in a hospital by an infectious disease doctor. The duration is from a week to a month, depending on the patient's condition, since the consequences can be very unpredictable.

The patient is assigned strict bed rest in compliance with the diet. The diet includes foods high in vitamins and minerals to maintain a weakened body. Antiviral drugs are prescribed to fight the virus. Antipyretic and pain reliever medications. Droppers are prescribed to maintain water balance after profuse vomiting. If the disease is difficult, it is allowed to use hormonal agents. Heparin is prescribed for bleeding disorders. With kidney damage, hemodialysis is performed. It is very important to monitor the work of this organ in order to avoid serious complications.

A good help in the treatment is provided by the collection of herbs. Together, they have more pronounced healing properties:

1. Lesser periwinkle helps to reduce fever and relieve headaches. 1 tbsp. l. pour a glass of hot water over the dried plant, boil for 20 minutes and leave for 1 hour. Divide the resulting broth into 3 servings and drink throughout the day.
2. Willow bark. 1 tsp Pour the crushed raw materials with water (300 ml). Boil until reduced to 50 ml. Take 1 time daily before meals.
3. Lilac. Pour 20 lilac leaves with hot water, leave for 2 hours. Strain and drink 1/2 cup 2 times a day.

Prevention of HFRS

For the prevention of mouse fever, all contact with rodents must be excluded. In nature, in the country and at home, precautions are required. Do not leave food unpacked, watch out for its safety. Do not eat food damaged by mice or rats. Wash hands with soap and water more often and instill this habit in children.

" Women Health

Most often, hemorrhagic mouse fever is infected after contact with some species of small rodents (vole mice, rats, bats), hence the name of the disease. Main carrier this ailment is the bank vole (Myodes glareolus).

Basically, rural residents aged 16 to 55 are susceptible to mouse fever, more often men. Also, tourists are often exposed to the disease. In outbreaks of the disease, all the signs of seasonality are clearly traced - the peak incidence occurs annually from the beginning of May to mid-October.

Disease facts:

• The causative agent of mouse fever - hantavirus(Hantavirus) from the family of Bunya viral microorganisms.
• The largest number of natural foci of the disease occurs in linden forests.
• The Povolzhsky and Uralsky regions of the Russian Federation are the territories with the largest number of registered cases of this disease.
• The incubation period for fever is one to seven weeks, most often three weeks.

ROUTES OF VIRUS TRANSMISSION

In adults, mouse fever can occur mainly through the consumption of unwashed foods containing particles of rodent excreta.

In medical practice, there are three main ways of transmission of this disease.

Transmission ways:

• Air-dust... If the dust inhaled by humans contains a large amount of rodent excrement, infection occurs.
• Alimentary... Drinking contaminated food and water.
• Contact... Infection occurs when damaged skin comes in contact with infected objects.

Transmission from an infected person to a healthy person has not been recorded in practice.

DISEASE CLASSIFICATION

Mouse fever is characterized in the following way.

By stages:

• Feverish- the initial stage is characterized by pronounced symptoms, all signs of the disease appear in a period of one to four days.
• Oliguric- this period is characterized by a progressive course of infection and a sharp deterioration in the patient's condition. This stage is the most dangerous for human life.
• Polyuric- at this stage, the disease recedes, the symptoms become less pronounced.
• Convalescence stage- the period is characterized by a gradual recovery of the body.

The disease can be mild, moderate, and severe.

A rapid rise in body temperature to around 40 degrees and severe attacks of fever can be the main symptoms of mouse fever.

Other symptoms include severe headaches and permanent vomiting. Other signs may appear depending on the state of the patient's immune system, his gender and age.

Other symptoms:

• low blood pressure;
• manifestations of a skin rash;
• increased photosensitivity;
• hemorrhage in the eyes;
• nosebleeds that are difficult to stop.

In a small child, due to a poorly developed immune system, chills, severe muscle pain and a sharp deterioration in vision may be added to the above symptoms.

Signs of mouse fever in men and women can also be unquenchable thirst, persistent dry mouth, and pronounced pain in the lumbar region.

Symptoms of the oliguric stage:

• severe dehydration;
• acute renal failure;
• conjunctivitis;
• anuria;
• unnatural swelling of the facial region;
• minor bleeding under the skin;
• circulatory disorders in the brain;
• rave;
• toxicological shock.

In men, symptoms of mouse fever can present with sexual dysfunction and gum hemorrhage.

At the first signs of mouse fever, you need to find all the opportunities for a quick referral to a specialist, since the disease can be fatal.

DIAGNOSTICS

Basically, the disease is diagnosed by its characteristic symptoms, but in some cases, laboratory diagnostics are used to differentiate the disease from other similar ones: general and clinical blood analysis, biochemical urine analysis, serological test and PCR analysis.

In some cases, an infectious disease doctor may order an analysis to detect viruses.

In humans, the symptoms of the disease are treated in a hospital setting under the constant supervision of an infectious disease doctor. The patient must adhere to strict bed rest and adhere to a special diet rich in vitamins.

Drug treatment:

• Isotonic solutions.
• Antihistamines.
• Antipyretic drugs.
• Analgesics.

In severe cases, namely with pronounced renal failure, sometimes in the case of severe infectious-toxic shocks, the treatment process is transferred to the intensive care unit. The patient is prescribed a large amount of glucocorticoid drugs, hemodialysis and blood transfusion.

COMPLICATIONS

It should be remembered that the symptoms of mouse fever in an adult are a reason for urgent contact with a medical institution. Untimely provision of medical care leads to serious consequences, which end fatally in 20% of cases.

Dangerous complications:

• pathology in the work of the kidneys;
• ruptured kidneys;
• cardiovascular problems;
• severe pulmonary edema;
• bilateral pneumonia.

PREVENTIVE ACTIONS

In natural foci of infection it is difficult to avoid due to the high probability of accidental infection while working in the fields, hunting and on camping trips, but the symptoms and treatment of mouse fever do not cause difficulties for a qualified medical specialist, especially for those who periodically encounter manifestations of this ailment.

To avoid the manifestations of the disease, you should be very careful to eat foods that are stored in places easily accessible to rodents. Such products should be thoroughly washed before use, subject to heat treatment.

The use of special protective clothing is recommended for villagers who constantly work in the fields.

Prevention of mouse fever is often carried out by destroying sources of infection - small rodents, as well as sanitizing residential buildings from thickets of grass, tall shrubs and marshes.

RECOVERY OUTLOOK

The consequences after a disease that was diagnosed and cured on time do not pose a threat to human health and life.

The prognosis for recovery is favorable. Inpatient treatment takes up to 4 weeks on average. After being discharged from the hospital, a person returns to work without restrictions.

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Mouse Fever: Symptoms and Treatment

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Virus transmission

• Chills;
• Deterioration of vision;

• The temperature is about 40 ° C;
• Severe headaches;
• Rare pulse;
• Eye hemorrhage;
• Nosebleeds;
• Nausea and frequent vomiting.

Initial period

2-4 - 8-11 days of illness

9-13 days

Mouse fever treatment

To diagnose mouse fever, you should contact an infectious disease specialist, in addition, laboratory research methods (blood tests, urine tests, PCR, coagulogram) may be prescribed.

If you think that you have Mouse fever and the symptoms characteristic of this disease, an infectious disease doctor can help you.

We also suggest using our online disease diagnostics service. which, based on the entered symptoms, selects probable diseases.

Mouse fever: mechanism of infection, signs and treatment

"Mouse fever" is the common name for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. An infectious disease, transmission of the Hantavirus pathogen occurs through rodents: mice, rats, squirrels, but sometimes pets.

Most often men suffer from the disease: from adolescence to 50 years of age. At the same time, adolescents carry an infection with symptoms, as with acute respiratory infections, and adult men are seriously ill, with complications. Children and pregnant women can also get sick.

Mouse fever, if untimely detected and ineffective treatment, can lead a patient to death. The course of the disease itself is associated with damage to internal organs, in which the kidneys, lungs, heart, and small vessels are affected. Cases of renal syndrome are most often reported in the USA, Europe, Asia. The mortality rate for kidney damage is 10%.

How does human infection occur?

The rodents themselves do not get sick with hemorrhagic fever, they are carriers of the infection.

The virus, together with the excrement or urine of animals, enters the soil, is transmitted to humans through one of the following routes:

1. Aspiration (air-dust). For example, when cleaning in a basement through inhalation of dust containing the smallest dry particles of rodent excreta.
2. Alimentary (food). The human body becomes infected after eating vegetables, bread, fruits, other foods and water that are infected with the virus.
3. Contact. Infection is carried out from the very source of the disease or objects infected by it through damaged skin in the form of scratches, abrasions, cuts.

It's important to know! A sick person cannot infect a healthy person, therefore he does not pose a danger to those around him. The most “favorable” periods for transmission of infection are spring and autumn, when rodents migrate. These seasons are also "hot" for agriculture - an area where men are mainly employed.

Mouse fever has its natural foci in Russia: in the regions of the Urals and the Volga region.

The clinical picture of mouse fever

The manifestation of the virus occurs within a week or one and a half months, but the average incubation period is almost 20 days. At this time, the person is unaware of the infection. Sometimes the "lull" can last 60 days, depending on the protective functions of the body and the ability to carry infections.

The disease is characterized by several periods of its development with its own symptoms and signs:

It's important to know! Sometimes a severe course of the disease can be marked by signs of Dupre's disease, or meningism, a clinical manifestation of irritation of the meninges. Residual pathological phenomena of hemorrhagic fever can persist for ten years.

Complications

The disease is dangerous because patients, due to late diagnosis and untimely started or incorrect treatment, suffer from pathological changes in the kidneys, the urinary system is also subject to complications, and the liver is destroyed. Kidney dysfunction occurs, affecting the general condition and stage of intoxication of the human body. Restriction in movement occurs during the exacerbated period of the disease due to sharp pain in the lumbar region.

A careless attitude towards one's own health or poor-quality medical care can lead to the following main complications of mouse fever:

• rupture of the kidney, leading to subsequent death (rupture of the parenchyma often occurs with accidental strong blows);
• impaired renal excretory function;
• eclampsia (convulsive fainting);
• pulmonary edema;
• the appearance of focal pneumonia;
• vascular insufficiency, blood clots.

Despite recovery, men sometimes have short-term cerebral dysfunction, uremia, and fibrillation of small muscles. Do not ignore these changes and expect that "everything will pass." Men should immediately consult a doctor with complaints about what is happening in the body.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis and treatment are carried out only in stationary conditions: infectious or therapeutic departments of a medical institution. The patient can be transferred to any hospital, as he is not "contagious". In order to avoid complications, when the first signs of the disease appear, you should go to the hospital in order to differentiate mouse fever from a common cold.

Diagnostic measures are as follows:

• taking general blood and urine tests;
• biochemical blood test;
• taking immunological samples to establish the production of antibodies;
• serological tests;
• X-ray / ultrasound of the kidneys (for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome).

The composition of the blood shows the presence of a virus: cells (antibodies) are found in it, designed to quickly eliminate the virus from the body. The increased quantitative composition of leukocytes shows the current inflammatory process. A sharp increase in the amount - almost 15 times - of nitrogen in the bloodstream also indicates the disease of mouse fever. Due to the effect of this substance, the activity of tissues decreases, new cells are not formed, the body is poisoned, and the tissues die off.

It's important to know! In mouse fever, self-medication is unacceptable, especially in pregnant women. A viral infection has negative consequences, up to and including death.

Mouse fever treatment

At the first symptoms of the disease, you should consult a general practitioner. At high temperatures, call an ambulance. In case of fever, it is necessary to consult with an infectious disease specialist, in case of kidney problems - with a nephrologist.

Treatment should be comprehensive, including the following drugs:

• antiviral;
• antipyretic;
• pain relievers;
• anti-inflammatory.

And also vitamins are taken, a diet developed separately in each clinical case is followed.

Therapeutic measures are based on the following actions:

1. The patient is shown bed rest for one month. The temperature is reduced through the use of medicines with paracetamol. As pain relievers, preference is given to analgin, ketorol and other effective drugs.
2. Taking antiviral drugs (lavomax, amiksin, ingavirin), anti-inflammatory (piroxicam, aspirin), vitamins B, C, K, ascorbic acid.
3. Infusion therapy by physiological, glucose solutions.
4. Hemodialysis for kidney damage of an infected person.
5. Adhering to a specially designed diet (avoiding pickles, smoked foods, alcoholic beverages, food with hot spices). Only lean and bland food can restore kidney function.

Mouse Fever Drugs

A person who has had hemorrhagic fever should follow the regimen and diet for one year, regularly being examined by the attending physician. The final recovery of the kidneys will take place after two years. For three months / year, it is recommended to avoid physical activity and hard work in accordance with the severity of the illness.

The course of treatment is designed for one to four weeks. At the final stage, steps are taken to restore the body, which has been exposed to various drugs. The restoration of the body's water balance occurs due to special solutions. Diagnostic measures during this period are carried out to assess the effectiveness of the therapeutic course and in order to prevent complications or relapse. Traditional medicine for this disease is powerless.

It's important to know! At risk of complicated conditions, hormone therapy with prednisone may be prescribed. In the case of thrombotic consequences, the use of anticoagulants (heparin, warfarin) is indicated.

Preventive measures

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Rodent-borne infections can have dire consequences for humans if they enter the body. One of these infections is mouse fever, the symptoms of which at the initial stage appear in the form of an acute form of acute respiratory infections. Meanwhile, despite the direct relation to this category, the consequences of infection are expressed not only in fever, as the name implies, but also in kidney damage, general intoxication and thrombohemorrhagic syndrome. The danger of the disease lies in the fact that if it hits the kidneys if treatment is not started in time, it can be fatal.

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Virus transmission

Vole mice and Norwegian rats act as carriers of the virus. At the same time, the animals themselves do not get sick, but only carry this virus. It is excreted through the urine and feces of animals. Among the ways of infection, there are several types of them:

• Airborne dust infection, in which dust containing excrement with a virus is inhaled;
• Alimentary type of infection, in which food or water is consumed, contaminated with secretions with a virus;
• Contact type of infection, in which damaged skin comes into contact with contaminated objects with a virus or directly with rodents infected with it.

There is no transmission of the virus from one person to another.

Mouse fever: symptoms, course of the disease

The incubation period can be on the order of 7-46 days, but the most common period is 21-25 days. The initial period, oligouric (characterized by hemorrhagic and renal manifestations), the polyuric period and the period of convalescence are those actual periods of the course of the disease that characterize mouse fever. Symptoms of mouse fever in children appear gradually, while their first manifestations can only be noticed on the fifteenth or even twentieth day after the infection has occurred. Among them are the following:

• Temperature rise up to 40 ° C;
• Muscle pain, joint pain;
• Chills;
• Nausea with alternate vomiting;
• Migraines of frequent occurrence;
• Deterioration of vision;
• Severe bleeding of the gums, as well as bleeding from the nose.

In adults, mouse fever has symptoms of a similar nature, the general appearance of which is as follows:

• The temperature is about 40 ° C;
• Severe headaches;
• Increased sensitivity to light exposure, as well as pain in the eye area;
• Vagueness of surrounding objects, a feeling of the presence of a "grid" in front of the eyes;
• Rare pulse;
• Lowering blood pressure;
• Redness of the skin in the neck, face, eyes;
• The appearance on the 3-4th days of the disease of small spots of a rash, which are concentrated in the area of ​​the sides of the trunk and armpits;
• Eye hemorrhage;
• Nosebleeds;
• Nausea and frequent vomiting.

Initial period... Its duration is 1-3 days, it is characterized by a rather acute onset. The temperature, as we have already indicated, reaches about 40 ° C, often accompanied by chills. There is a headache quite strong in its manifestation, the patient's condition is accompanied by dry mouth, general weakness. Examination reveals the presence of signs of skin hyperemia (neck, face, upper thoracic regions), conjunctiva occurs, in some cases a hemorrhagic rash appears.

2-4 - 8-11 days of illness... As in the previous period, the disease is characterized by an increased temperature, which lasts up to 4-7 days. A decrease in temperature does not lead to an improvement in the general condition; moreover, it may even worsen. Typical manifestations for this period are lower back pain with varying degrees of severity. With the onset of pain in the lumbar region, vomiting also occurs (6-8 or more times a day), while it is not associated with the use of drugs or food. Also, there are abdominal pains, often bloating. A characteristic manifestation of the disease is expressed in kidney damage, which causes puffiness of the face, a positive symptom of Oliguria, and pasty eyelids.

9-13 days... The period is polyuric. Vomiting stops, pains in the abdomen and lower back gradually disappear, appetite and sleep return to normal, the daily amount of urine excreted increases. Dry mouth and weakness persist, the recovery period begins gradually, from 20-25 days.

Mouse fever treatment

Treatment of this disease takes place in the infectious diseases department at the hospital. Typical for him is the appointment of bed rest for a period of 1-4 weeks. Antipyretic, analgesic and antiviral drugs are prescribed, as well as anti-inflammatory drugs. In addition, infusion therapy is prescribed, if necessary, glucocorticoids and hemodialysis are used. The development of thrombohemorrhagic syndrome requires taking anticoagulants. In addition, vitamin therapy and the exclusion of drugs that enhance kidney damage are relevant.

To diagnose mouse fever, you should contact an infectious disease specialist; in addition, laboratory research methods (blood, urine, PCR, coagulogram) may be prescribed.

Epidemic nephrosonephritis, Churilov's disease, Manchurian, Korean, Ural, or mouse fever - these are terms that are combined in medicine under a single name - SHFG (hemorrhagic fever with manifestation of renal syndrome).

Pathology is included in the group of natural focal, acute viral infections. The genesis of the disease is due to the damaging factor of the most common link in the circulatory system - small vessels that provide the mechanisms of the immune system and metabolic processes between blood and tissues.

It is accompanied by a febrile condition, severe toxic poisoning of the body and symptoms of hemorrhagic diabetes. A characteristic feature of HFRS is a high percentage of residual consequences in convalescent patients associated with renal, cardiovascular, nervous, endocrine and digestive pathologies.

Since the main target of mouse fever is the kidneys, its main syndrome is due to the high risk of developing acute renal failure with the formation of chronic kidney disease.

• The disease is characterized by a severe clinic and leads to various pathological processes that disrupt the functions of the urinary system.

How do you get mouse fever?

The causative agent of the infection is a virus of the Hantaana genus. Its carriers are infected small rodents. And it is not at all necessary to come into contact with them, you can get infected with mouse fever by walking in the forest, or working in a country house, where a mouse invasion is a common occurrence.

Virions of infection are quite resistant to the external environment and can settle on food and household items. Contact with them leads to infection.

• The positive factor is that a person cannot be a carrier of the infection and transmit it to another.

The introduction of an infectious virion into the body occurs through the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract of the respiratory tract. Sometimes, its penetration through damaged skin is noted. At the first contact with the virus, in the places of its introduction, no external signs of infection appear.

The primary symptoms of mouse fever in men and women are due to the introduction of the virus into the bloodstream and toxic damage to the body. The direction of its vasotropic properties is characterized by damage to the microvasculature and its vascular walls.

Such a clinic of the infectious process is expressed by bleeding in the mucous layer of the vascular membranes (hemorrhage syndrome), impairment of all functional properties of the kidneys and thrombohemorrhagic signs, supplemented by an immunological factor.

• Once infected, a person develops immunity to infection, which excludes repeated infections.

Symptoms of mouse fever in men and women

Signs and symptoms of mouse fever in men appear according to the period of development of the pathology, in women the symptoms of the disease are similar.

During the height of the disease, an acute clinic is noted for three days with the manifestation of:

1. Very high temperature indicators;
2. Severe chills and migraines;
3. Fatigue, impotence, and dry mouth (dry mouth);
4. Redness and swelling of the mucous membrane of the mouth and face, shoulder and cervical areas - a symptom of the "hood";
5. Vascular lesion in the white membrane of the eyes;
6. Hemorrhagic rash and redness of the conjunctival mucosa;

In a severe clinic, signs of meningitis may appear.

Thrombohemorrhagic period of HFRS typical for patients in whom the infectious process is characterized by a severe clinical course. In adults, the symptoms of murine fever are due to vascular involvement, with manifestations of:

• small focal hemorrhages on the mucous layer and skin (petechiae);
• hemorrhage in the intestine with the formation of bloody inclusions in the urine;
• the presence of blood during vomiting and in the tracheobronchial secretion;
• the possibility of nasal hemorrhages.

Throughout the entire period, kidney pathologies develop. Symptoms are expressed by puffiness, pallor and swelling of the face and eyelids, an increased level of protein components in urine.

Period of organ pathology marked by changes in the blood, manifesting itself:

• an increase in the level of protein breakdown products;
• a quantitative reduction in the output of urine per day and a decrease in its density;
• an increase in the level of protein components, erythrocytes and renal epithelial cells.

Signs of defeat are manifested:

• intoxication symptoms;
• bradypsy (lethargy) and apathy;
• soreness in the abdomen and migraines;
• signs of xeroderma (dry skin) and prolonged insomnia.

In the polyuric phase infections (on the 10th, 16th day), painful symptoms and vomiting disappear. Sleep and appetite return to normal. The urine output increases up to four liters per day, but the symptoms of xerostomia and weakness persist for a long time. The recovery phase begins on days 23-24.

Final recovery phase can last up to a year. This period is characterized by asthenic conditions (increased fatigue) and the development of renal pathologies, especially with the addition of inflammatory processes (pyelonephritis). Dry mouth and thirst may persist for six months.

It should be noted that pain symptoms in the lumbar zone and fever, with HFRS, do not occur together. And if with normal renal damage, a decrease in temperature makes the situation easier, then with mouse fever, this does not happen.

And before the pronounced symptoms of renal lesions appear, even an experienced doctor is problematic to make a correct diagnosis, it is necessary to control the dynamics of the disease.

Features of the symptoms of mouse fever in children

In children, fever is especially difficult - this is due to the peculiarity of the structure of the children's vascular system, which is expressed in increased vascular permeability.

Symptoms of mouse fever in a child develop as a result of extensive hemorrhages in the internal organs, are manifested by signs of a violation of the functional characteristics of various systems.

Therefore, at the slightest suspicion of HFRS, daily monitoring by a doctor is necessary, and when the first symptoms of mouse fever appear, treatment and preventive measures should begin immediately.

Mouse fever treatment, drugs

The effectiveness of the treatment of murine fever is due to the use of various forms of therapeutic treatment.

Drug therapy is prescribed within three to five days from the moment of infection.

1. Intravenous administration of antiviral drugs is prescribed - "Tilorona" or "Iodophenazone", "Ribavirin" in a capsulated dosage, intravenous administration is allowed only in case of severe infection. Immunoglobulin preparations - donor or complex.
2. Parenteral administration of immunomodulating and antiviral "Viferon" or "Reaferon" suppositories.

Pathogenetic pharmacotherapy, with mouse fever, provides:

• Prescription of detoxification drugs - "Cocarboxylase", intravenous administration of polyionic isotonic solution and glucose.
• Actioxidant agents affecting metabolic processes and stimulation of immune reactions - homeopathic solution of "Ubiquinone" and "Tocopheril", containing fat-soluble vitamin "E".
• Appointment of an angioprotective group of drugs - "Calcium gluconate", "Rutin" and "Etamsilat".
• Obligatory in the appointment - preparations of enterosorbents "Enterosorb" or "Polyphepan".
• In the absence of surgical pathology, analgesics are added to the appointments, eliminating pain syndrome.
• The manifestation of infectious toxic shock is stopped by the introduction of colloidal and crystalloid solutions.

In case of failure of drug therapy, patients can be assigned a method of hemosorption - extracorporeal elimination therapy.

Adherence to a sparing regimen and diet play an important role in the treatment of mouse fever. Meals are recommended fractional, i.e. frequent and small portions. With mild and moderate severity of clinical manifestations, the use of products flavored with table salt is not limited. And with a severe form of nephrosonephritis and its complication, table salt in the diet is significantly limited.

Vegetable and animal products saturated with protein and potassium are excluded from the diet if there are signs of anuria (lack of urine in the bladder) and oliguria (decreased urine production). And with an increase in its production - polyuria, on the contrary, legumes and meat are useful. In the rehabilitation period, a full-fledged diet is possible without the abuse of fried, salty, spicy and fatty foods.

What are the possible complications?

The possibility of developing complications with mouse fever is very high. Infectious influence can cause:

• acute vascular pathologies in the cardiovascular system;
• development of focal pneumonia;
• accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lungs, provoking their edema;
• rupture of kidney tissue;
• acid-base imbalance, leading to the development of urea;
• convulsive and fainting conditions;
• inflammatory changes in renal tissues;
• sudden cessation of renal function.

There are known cases of complications with the manifestation of meningoencephalitic symptoms.

With a mild to moderate clinical picture of the disease, and timely treatment, the prognosis is good and nothing threatens life. Mortality can be caused by the delay in treatment and, as a consequence, the development of complicated processes.

Mouse fever is a very serious infectious disease, symptoms of which in men, women and children manifest themselves suddenly and can cause serious health problems if treated inappropriately.

What is Mouse Fever

Hemorrhagic fever is a serious disease that has a huge number of deaths to its account. It is an acute infection primarily aimed at damaging and stopping the kidneys or lungs. The excretory system and mucous membranes, especially the eyes, also suffer.

Once in the body, the virus begins to have a decomposing effect on the blood vessels. The bodies of the infection are very tenacious and are able to survive even at subzero temperatures. Many ordinary people confuse the onset of this disease with a standard acute-type viral infection.

But even if there is the slightest possibility of having a mouse fever, it is necessary to see an infectious disease doctor, since an untimely start of treatment can provoke disorders in the functioning of the kidneys, which will have to be treated for many years later.

Toxins of the disease also affect the walls of blood vessels, as a result of which their ruptures and serious hemorrhages occur, which is a huge stress and serious injury for the body.

How do you catch mouse fever?

Anyone can get mouse fever. But among doctors, a general clinical portrait of a representative of a risk group is widespread. This is the average male in rural areas. The reason for this is the main source of infection, namely the field mouse.

Naturally, in a busy city, such an animal is less likely to meet, therefore, field workers are included in the list of infected at times more often than other people. Symptoms begin to appear early, but due to frequent neglect of the main rules of hygiene, in rural areas they begin to develop brightly and rapidly.

It is important to understand the fact that the infection itself is not transmitted from infected to healthy. Therefore, there is no chance of getting infected after contact. According to statistics, fever is more common in men, although the gap is insignificant. This is due to the neglect of hygiene rules.

The main causes of infection are as follows:

1. If a person inhales air saturated with particles of saliva or droppings from sick rodents.
2. When eating foods with the remains of the vital activity of mice and rats. Sources of infection can be not only bakery products, but also pickles stored in cellars and sheds.
3. By contact with rodents. The virus is able to enter the body through wounds on the skin and mucous membranes.

According to statistics, it is most often possible to become infected in the summer, since the number of encounters with small carriers of the infection increases significantly.

Incubation period

The development of the disease looks like a common cold, but it very quickly develops into a serious illness of an infectious nature, which metastases to almost all internal organs of a person.

The kidneys of the patient are of prime importance. Disturbances in the work of the excretory systems in 70% of cases end in the death of the patient. It is because of these features that it is very important to identify the disease at an early stage and prevent its further development. The average incubation period for fever is about a week.

But there were cases when the disease took root in the body for about 3 weeks.

The disease proceeds according to the following scenario:

• The patient's temperature rises. The values ​​on the thermometer can reach 41 degrees. This state will continue for about four days.
• Severe migraines, vomiting and nausea, constant chills will begin to appear.
• The vision will weaken, the infected person will begin to enter the world in red, "flies" will flicker before the eyes.
• A small, red rash will appear on the chest and neck.
• At this stage, about 4-5 days, there is the most unpleasant time for the kidneys and excretory system of the body. Their work is disrupted, the patient practically cannot go to the toilet, experiences constant pain in the abdomen and bladder area.
• Frequent bleeding begins in the stomach, nose, uterus.
• After a week and a half, the symptoms will begin to subside, the temperature will decline. In two to three days, vomiting will also pass. But fever can manifest itself in increased fatigue, drowsiness and excessive sweating for several years in a row.

Symptoms of mouse fever in men and women.

It is very important to understand that effective treatment of hemorrhagic fever is possible only with serious, potent antibiotics. The whole process should be carried out under the close supervision of doctors. Otherwise, the patient will face complications in the form of pneumonia, various types of hemorrhages and kidney failure.

Classification

Mouse fever (symptoms in men and women in their primary manifestation do not depend on the classification), is divided into several main types. They are distinguished for several reasons.

Along the transmission path:

• Contact-household method.
• Food grade.
• Water.

By the method of infection:

• Tick-borne.
• Mosquitoes.
• Contagious.

All types of infection are dangerous, they can be picked up by any person, regardless of health indicators. Urban residents have less chance of becoming infected, the main risk group is rural residents, workers in fields and forests, as well as those who are constantly in contact with wild animals.

The most important rule that must be observed in order not to get infected is not to violate hygienic and sanitary standards, to closely monitor the timely implementation of the instructions, to maintain cleanliness at the place of residence and to minimize contact with any representatives of the wild fauna as much as possible.

It is necessary to carefully store food and water, keep them hermetically sealed, since the main route of infection is through the excreta of animals that get on the food. More often men suffer from hemorrhagic fever, since they are less inclined to scrupulously observe the rules and norms of hygiene, they often forget about washing their hands and cleanliness of the body.

Symptoms

Mouse fever (symptoms in men, women and children are generally the same) manifests itself in a variety of factors.

For different sexes and ages, they will occur with different intensities:

The main symptoms of hemorrhagic fever are as follows:

• Intoxication, manifested most often in severe headaches, weakness of the body.
• Elevated temperature. It can reach 41 degrees.
• Nausea and vomiting.
• Severe pressing pain in the lumbar region and abdomen.
• A significant decrease in the level of urine output per day.
• Increased urine output at the end of the fever period.

First signs

It is very important to determine the disease at the first stages of its development and promptly take all the necessary measures.

The clinical picture of mouse fever is, in general, five main stages:

1. Initial period counts down directly from the time of infection and continues until the first symptoms are isolated. This is the so-called incubation period. Its duration has already been mentioned earlier. Most often, the disease manifests itself earlier in men, women resist the infection a little longer.
2. The next part is the first exacerbation. Here the patient describes his condition as a common cold: body aches are observed; temperature; nausea; general breakdown; intoxication occurs.
3. In the third stage the daily rate of urea excretion is significantly reduced. This clearly indicates disturbances in the work of one or both kidneys. A similar condition will disturb the sick for a little less than two weeks. Usually the period is 10 to 12 days. On the 3rd day of this stage, severe nausea and vomiting, pain and heaviness in the lumbar spine will begin.
4. After these days the temperature gradually returns to normal, with the right approach to treatment, kidney function is restored. The body can form up to 3 liters of urine per day. This is a positive symptom, and it speaks of a gradual normalization of the body's work.
5. Final stage can last from a month and stretch for many years. The fever disappears, but the following remains: severe fatigue; general exhaustion of the body; sleep problems (both insomnia and constant sleepiness); increased sweating.

It is important to understand that hemorrhagic fever is a serious illness, the consequences of which will have to be overcome for many more years, and the sooner treatment begins, the fewer complications will follow. Therefore, at the first symptoms, the patient must be under the supervision of medical personnel.

Diagnostics

At the first suspicion of the presence of this disease, men, women and children should immediately contact a local therapist, but if the stage of fever has begun, emergency medical care should be called immediately.

If the fever is generally mild, treatment can be done under the supervision of three doctors:

• Therapist.
• Infectionist.
• Nephrologist.

When hemorrhagic fever develops in a severe form, the patient must be hospitalized. The diagnostic process entails many subtleties and peculiarities. One of the most important is the method of transmission of the virus directly from the carrier to the sick person.

The general process for studying fever includes the following sub-items:

1. Interview and external examination of the patient. When collecting an anamnesis, the attending physician must pay attention to the individual nature of the complaints and how long ago they began. The fact of contact of the infected with rodents must be clarified.
2. Research of the collected analyzes in the laboratory. The presence of an inflammatory process helps to identify a blood test. A biochemical blood test will allow doctors to assess whether the kidneys and excretory system are functioning normally. The indicator depends on the level of plasma levels of substances such as urea and creatinine. The PCR test makes it possible to find traces of infection in the biological material of the sick person. In the initial stages of the development of fever, other diagnostic methods will, unfortunately, be unable to help.
3. Stage of instrumental research. This area is limited to just an ultrasound scan. The analysis is able to visualize the structure of the kidneys and reveal significant violations in their action and harmful deviations from the normal state.

This diagnostic kit is enough for an experienced physician to accurately determine whether the mouse fever virus is present in the patient's body or not.

Treatment

Mouse fever (symptoms in men, women and children are described above) has some subtleties and treatment features that should never be neglected.

Such complex diseases require a complex set of therapeutic actions, medications and appropriate therapy:

• From the very beginning to the end of the period of fever, the patient must strictly adhere to bed rest. This is due to the tendency of the pathogen to disrupt the vascular regime. They become brittle, which often leads to hemorrhages. The duration of the period that the patient spends in bed should be determined by his infectious disease doctor and on average ranges from 3 to 5 weeks.
• In order to minimize pain, a wide spectrum of analgesics are used. Their group includes, for example, Analgin and Ketorolac.
• Lavomax can be an excellent drug that can fight the virus.
• It is imperative to systematically lower fever and fight inflammation. Here Nurofen, Paracetamol and similar drugs can come to the rescue.
• It is necessary to take sorbents in order for the body to cope with the increased content of toxins and other toxic substances.
• It is also important to keep the systems in good shape. To do this, you can take vitamins and a glucose-containing complex of medicines.
• If an infected person has edema, it is necessary to use a hormonal complex. Usually, Dexamethasone or Prednisolone is prescribed.

All of these drugs should only be prescribed by the attending physician. Strict dosage is important to avoid superimposing medication side effects with fever complications. Failure to follow these simple rules is fatal.

Traditional methods

The main goal of the applied methods of traditional medicine in the fight against mouse fever will be to minimize the harmful effects of the disease on kidney function and their proper functioning.

Among others, there are several of the most effective means to achieve the desired effect:

1. Decoction with flax seeds. 2 tsp seeds are poured with 300 ml of water, brought to a boil, cooled to room temperature and the resulting solution is used 5-6 times a day, half a mug.
2. Blue cornflower drink. For 500 ml of hot water, about 2 tbsp is taken. l. cornflower flowers. They must be infused for 2 hours, then the liquid must be filtered. This broth should be taken three hours before a meal. During the day, it is advisable to drink the entire prepared drink.
3. Field horsetail also effective in combating mouse fever. For a mug of boiling water, you need to prepare 3 tablespoons. herbs, then insist for an hour and filter. The tincture should be taken evenly throughout the day.
4. Buckwheat. The tops of this plant have healing properties. For 1000 ml of water, you need to take 50 g of a crushed plant, boil it for 15 minutes, filter it and take it measuredly until the end of the day.
5. Currant. This plant helps when there is a risk of blood clots. Freshly prepared currant juice should be drunk 50-200 ml three to four times a day.

Diet for mouse fever

With such a serious illness, it is necessary to strictly adhere to a certain diet in order to avoid problems with the gastrointestinal tract, liver and kidneys.

The main rules that the patient must follow:

• It is required to completely exclude all alcoholic beverages from the diet.
• Products containing a high percentage of vinegar should not be consumed during the course of a fever, as well as in the next 3-4 months after. These are items such as marinades and mayonnaise.
• Smoked and canned foods have a detrimental effect on the functions of the excretory system, so they should be consumed to a minimum.

1. Fatty fried meat and fish products.
2. Whole milk, any fermented milk products.
3. Fatty and strong broths.
4. Legumes by-products.
5. Milk cocoa and coffee.
6. Sugary foods and foods with a high glucose content.
7. Carbonated soft drinks.

Diet is also very important, since a weakened body can very easily undergo uncontrolled development of fungal components, which can provoke the development of thrush, dysbiosis, gastritis and even accelerated ulcer formation.

Consequences and complications

Mouse fever (symptoms in men and women appear early enough and clearly to react in time) develops in the patient's body very rapidly and carries many negative consequences and complications.

These include:

• Complications in the work of the kidneys. This includes renal failure, pyelonephritis, uric acid diathesis and other unpleasant diseases of the excretory system.
• Chronic symptoms such as renal failure, myocarditis, abscesses, pancreatitis.
• Brain hemorrhages.
• Pulmonary edema.

Mouse fever is a fast-paced, frightening and unpleasant disease, the symptoms of which can be fatal for men, women and children if not treated properly. If there is the slightest likelihood of hemorrhagic fever, an urgent need to consult a doctor.

It is best to undergo inpatient treatment in order to exclude the possibility of a sudden exacerbation and the occurrence of undesirable consequences. Preventive measures in the future - following the rules of hygiene and minimizing contact with wild animals, will help to avoid the recurrence of this terrible disease.

Video about mouse fever, symptoms and treatments

How to protect yourself from mouse fever:

Why is mouse fever dangerous?

Many of the currently existing diseases are caused by infections.

Infectious diseases are divided into several types, among which are the so-called natural focal. Pathologies of this type have some peculiarities: their development is possible only in a limited area and under certain conditions, the carriers of the virus are rodents.

When entering the human body, such infections can be very dangerous and have serious enough consequences. Mouse fever is just one of these diseases of infectious etiology.

Mouse fever: description

As the name implies, the disease is characterized by a febrile state, but besides this, there are other signs: thrombohemorrhagic syndrome, general intoxication of the body and kidney damage.

How is the virus spread?

In this case, the virus carriers are Norwegian rats and vole mice. What is characteristic - the rodents themselves do not suffer from the disease, but are only carriers. The virus is excreted through the feces and urine of animals.

The routes of infection can be of the following types:

• Alimentary... A person eats food or water that has gotten secretions with the virus.
• Air-dust... Inhaled dust contains contaminated excreta.
• Contact... Damaged skin comes into contact with carriers of the disease or objects contaminated by them.

The virus is not transmitted from person to person.

Most often, the inhabitants of villages and villages suffer from mouse fever, and most of the cases are men from 16 to 50 years old. The disease is seasonal in nature - outbreaks of fever with renal syndrome are recorded in the warm season (from May to October). On the territory of Russia, natural foci of the disease are located in the Ural and Volga districts.

Symptoms of mouse fever in an adult

Mouse fever with renal syndrome develops in stages. The signs and symptoms of mouse fever in adults are determined by the stage of the disease.

There are four stages in the course of the disease:

Mouse fever has symptoms similar to other pathologies (intestinal infection, acute respiratory infections), which makes it difficult to diagnose and therefore the disease is very dangerous. If you do not establish the correct diagnosis and treatment in time, there is a huge risk of complications.

Particular attention should be paid to the symptoms of mouse fever in children. The child's body is more sensitive to the causative agent of infection, therefore the incubation period proceeds much faster, and the signs of the disease corresponding to the second and third periods are more intense and brighter. In addition, they can appear less than a week after infection.

To the above signs of mouse fever may be added bleeding gums... And a high temperature often causes nosebleeds. Although children are much less likely to develop mouse fever, parents should be on their guard. At the first suspicion of an infection, you should immediately contact your pediatrician in order to prevent possible dangerous consequences.

Treatment of mouse fever in adults

Disease therapy is carried out only in a hospital under the strict supervision of an infectious disease doctor. While in the infectious diseases ward, the patient must strictly follow all the doctor's instructions and observe bed rest, which is established for a period of 7 to 30 days.

The patient is prescribed the following drugs:

• Pain relievers (ketorold, analgin);
• antipyretic (nurofen, paracetomol);
• antiviral (lavomax, amiksin, ingavirin);
• anti-inflammatory (piroxicam, aspirin);
• a complex of vitamins (vitamins of group B, ascorbic acid);
• infusion therapy (5% glucose solution, saline).

If necessary, the doctor may prescribe hormone therapy with prednisone... Thrombotic complications are treated with anticoagulants (warfarin, heparin). With severe kidney damage, hemodialysis may be prescribed.

To diagnose a disease the following factors are required:

For an accurate diagnosis of mouse fever, the doctor prescribes a number of laboratory tests

• General urine analysis (protein and erythrocytes will indicate the presence of the disease);
• a general blood test (a lowered platelet count should raise suspicion);
• enzyme immunoassay, which allows to determine the presence of special antibodies in the patient's blood, the task of which is to combat the causative agent of the disease;
• polymerase chain reaction is a method for detecting viruses that helps to detect the genetic materials of the pathogen in the patient's blood;
• a biochemical blood test to detect kidney problems;
• analysis of feces (blood found in feces indicates the presence of bleeding in the digestive system).

For the purpose of additional diagnostics, the following procedures:

• Chest x-ray;
• electrocardiography;
• ultrasonography;
• blood clotting test.

Treatment of mouse fever is carried out by a therapist in conjunction with an infectious disease specialist. The help of an epidemiologist may be needed.

Prophylaxis

Since the prevention of mouse fever does not involve vaccination, you can protect yourself by taking the necessary precautions. The most effective preventive measure for children, men and women is hygiene compliance, which include the following:

Compliance with these elementary rules will allow you to avoid infection with mouse fever and save you from its unpleasant consequences.

Type of morbidity and characteristics of the spread of mouse fever

The following types of morbidity exist:

• Production path (professional activity in the forest, oil pipelines, drilling stations, etc.).
• Agricultural type characterized by autumn-winter seasons.
• The forest type is the most common type. Infection occurs when visiting the forest (picking mushrooms, berries, etc.).
• Garden type.
• Household type. Infection in the country, in a country house, etc., that is, in those places that are located next to the forest or directly in it. With this type, the most cases of defeat of the elderly and children were recorded.
• Camp type (rest houses, forest sanatoriums, children's camps, etc.).

Among the features of the distribution the following can be distinguished:

• The incidence of mouse fever is single, however, there are also outbreaks: group infections - infection occurs in several people at the same time (usually 10-20), sometimes 30-100.
• Most often, men get sick (up to 90)% of the total number of infected.
• A large percentage of the defeat of young people aged 18 to 50 years (80%).

Basically, with timely and correct treatment the prognosis is favorable... In percentage terms, it looks like this:

After an infection in humans strong immunity is developed, repeated cases of infection are quite rare.

If the first signs of mouse fever are detected, you should immediately contact a specialist for laboratory tests and a subsequent course of treatment. In order to avoid the development of complications, do not delay the diagnosis of the disease.

Rodents are direct carriers of certain diseases, including murine fever. She will be discussed in today's article. This ailment should not be taken lightly, because it poses a very serious danger to human health and life.

What is Mouse Fever

It is always accompanied by kidney damage and severe intoxication of the body (with a temperature of about 40 degrees and above). This disease is considered extremely dangerous due to the development of severe complications in the absence of timely and correct treatment.

How do you catch mouse fever?

A mouse fever patient is not contagious to other people. This infection is not transmitted from person to person. Infection with this virus can occur through the alimentary or airborne (aspiration) route.

The first option is found much more often than the second. Rodent feces can pose a risk of infection by contact with mucous membranes and open wounds. You can also get sick by eating food or water that is contaminated with urine or droppings. Airborne droplets can be transmitted by inhaling dust that contains small particles of mouse excrement.

Speaking specifically about the Russian Federation, the foci of this virus will be the Urals and partly the Volga region.

Mouse fever (video)

Mouse fever symptoms, course of the disease

• redness of the pharyngeal mucosa;
• the appearance of pain in the lumbar region;
• general malaise;
• flat rashes on the body;
• photophobia;
• redness of the skin;
• bradycardia;

Incubation period. Its duration ranges from a week to one and a half months. If you deduce the arithmetic mean, then it will be equal to three weeks. There are no symptoms of the disease at this stage yet.

Initial stage. It is extremely short; its duration usually does not exceed three days. As a rule, the initial stage is characterized by an acute onset with high fever, severe weakness, chills, and muscle pain. Often there will be complaints of severe headaches, decreased concentration and dry mouth.

On visual examination of such a patient, hyperemia (redness) of the skin of the face, neck and chest with elements of a rash of the type of hemorrhage can be noted. In some cases, conjunctivitis may develop. A more rare option is the gradual development of the disease with the presence of a mild cough and mild malaise.

Oliguric stage. It starts from the third or fourth day after the onset of the disease. The temperature is maintained, and will still reach high enough marks on the thermometer. It will begin to decrease only from the sixth or seventh day of illness, in parallel with the deterioration of the general condition of the patient.

The main clinical symptom is the presence of severe pain in the abdomen and lower back, the appearance of repeated vomiting, dehydration, and sleep disturbances. Hyperemia of the skin persists, they become very dry. The rash becomes even more pronounced. Due to kidney damage, edema appears on the face, anuria occurs.

Polyuric stage. Begins from the ninth to the thirteenth day of illness. The pain syndrome subsides, vomiting stops. There is a sharp increase in the daily amount of urine, up to a significant excess of normal values. The patient's condition is still characterized by general weakness. Sleep is practically absent.

The stage of recovery (convalescence). The patient's condition is normalized, the kidneys begin to function normally, appetite appears, the rash disappears.

In children, mouse fever is not always immediately recognizable. In childhood, it can often be asymptomatic for two or three weeks.

It is often also confused with intestinal pathologies or colds. This virus differs from the later onset of abdominal pain, nausea and diarrhea. Mouse fever is distinguished from colds by the complete absence of catarrhal phenomena (cough, runny nose).

The main symptoms in children will be: high fever, nosebleeds, muscle and headaches, blurred vision, nausea and vomiting.

In adults, the recovery period is much longer than in children. Sometimes it takes more than one month.

Diagnostics

• High body temperature of unknown origin.
• The presence of characteristic clinical signs and stages of the disease.
• There was a place where a person was in the zones of the vital activity of rodents.
• Contact with rodents.

• General urine analysis (presence of protein and erythrocytes).
• Complete blood count (decreased platelet count).
• ELISA for the presence of certain antibodies.
• to identify pathological processes in the kidneys.
• Coprogram (for the presence of blood).

Treatment in children and adults

Treatment in adults and children will be almost the same, the principal difference is only in the dosage of the drugs.

Therapy is carried out with infusion solutions (glucose solution, saline).

• Anti-inflammatory ("Aspirin").
• Painkillers ("Ketorol", "Analgin").
• Antipyretic (Nurofen, Paracetamol).
• Antiviral (Amiksin, Ingavirin).

In order to normalize metabolism and increase immunity, vitamins C and B are prescribed.

If the kidney damage is severe enough, hemodialysis may be necessary.

At the onset of the disease, you should try to drink more fluids. As mouse fever progresses, drink slightly acidified water, limit food.

When the symptoms subside, you can include vegetable soups and compote made from dried fruits in the menu. Then you can introduce oatmeal porridge, even later - low-fat varieties of meat or poultry.

Consequences of the disease

The urinary system is under a big blow. If you ignore the symptoms of the disease, kidney rupture can occur.

Other complications:

• Cardiovascular pathology.

Rodents are typical carriers of diseases that are very dangerous for humans. Field and house mice often transmit hantavirus, which can cause haemorrhagic fever with severe renal syndrome. Without adequate treatment, pathology can lead to irreversible complications and even death.

Mouse fever - how can you get infected?

The group at particular risk of infection with the described disease includes residents of rural areas and tourism enthusiasts. How is mouse fever spread:

1. By air-dust method. The person inhales small particles with the faeces of the host rodent.
2. Contact. The lesions on the skin come into contact with any objects infected with the mouse fever virus.
3. Alimentary way. Consumption of water or food contaminated with faeces.

The incubation period of mouse fever

After infection, 4-46 days pass before the appearance of characteristic signs, often this stage takes 20-25 days. The mouse fever virus multiplies and spreads throughout the body during the specified time. Pathogenic cells accumulate in tissues and lymph nodes, provoking early symptoms. The rate at which mouse fever progresses during the incubation period depends solely on the stability of the immune system. The more actively it functions, the longer the body will fight the infection.

Mouse fever - symptoms

The clinical picture of the pathology under consideration has 3 stages:

1. Initial. The stage lasts about 72 hours, often less. The manifestations are nonspecific, therefore, the diagnosis of the virus in this period is difficult.
2. Oliguric. Renal and hemorrhagic signs of murine fever occur. The stage lasts 5-11 days.
3. Polyuric. The severity of the symptoms of the disease decreases, the stage of recovery begins.

The early clinical presentation of the infection strongly resembles an acute respiratory illness. The first symptoms of mouse fever are:

• chills;
• a sharp increase in body temperature;
• conjunctivitis;
• dry mouth;
• headache;
• weakness;
• redness of the skin on the neck and face;

Sometimes mouse fever is less severe, occasionally making itself felt by a mild cough, malaise, and drowsiness. In such situations, it is often confused with a common cold and does not go to a specialist. After 2-3 days, these symptoms progress rapidly, and the pathology passes to the next, most severe, stage of development - oliguric.

Mouse Fever Test

Diagnosis of the described disease occurs when pronounced clinical signs of viral infection are observed. Mouse fever disease - symptoms of the second stage of progression:

• pain in the head, lower back and abdomen;
• frequent vomiting;
• bloating of the intestines;
• puffiness of facial tissues;
• pasty eyelids;
• nose and eye (mild) bleeding;
• decreased heart rate and blood pressure;
• deterioration of vision;
• photosensitivity;
• small volume of excreted urine, up to its complete absence;
• hemorrhagic rash;
• dry skin of the body and face;
• lethargy, apathy.

After oliguric fever comes polyuric, the last period of development of mouse fever. All of these signs, except for weakness and drowsiness, subside, urine is excreted in an increased amount, up to 5 liters per day. Normalization of appetite and sleep indicates a gradual recovery. With the correct treatment of mouse fever, kidney function is fully restored.

Diagnosis of the disease is carried out after a thorough examination and collection of a detailed history. On the 5-7th day from the expected moment of infection with fever, a serological blood test, a coagulogram and a general urine test are performed, and diuresis is additionally monitored. In some cases, a search is performed for antibodies (immunoglobulins M) to hantavirus.

Mouse Fever - Treatment

Infection therapy is developed individually and is carried out only in a hospital under the supervision of specialists. The patient is prescribed strict bed rest (up to 4 weeks) and medications. How to treat mouse fever:

• antipyretic;
• antiviral;
• pain relievers;
• anti-inflammatory;
• anticoagulants (for thrombosis);
• glucocorticosteroid hormones (in severe forms).

As a maintenance therapy, regular infusions with glucose (5%) and saline solution are performed, and vitamin complexes are injected intravenously. Murine fever with complications and kidney damage may require hemodialysis at the oliguric stage of progression. After the restoration of the functions of the urinary system, the procedures are stopped.

If the disease proceeds in a standard way, without severe consequences and acute deterioration of renal activity, the patient is recommended table No. 4 according to Pevzner. The following are necessarily excluded from the diet:

• fatty and strong broths;
• soups with milk, pasta, vegetables, cereals;
• meat offal;
• canned food;
• whole milk;
• fatty meat and fish;
• beans;
• pearl barley, millet, barley porridge;
• snacks;
• vegetables;
• sweets;
• berries, fruits and compotes, jam from them;
• fats;
• coffee, cocoa with milk;
• cold and carbonated drinks;
• dairy products;
• flour products (except for white crackers without a crust).

When hemorrhagic mouse fever is accompanied by a severe disruption of the urinary system, the patient's nutrition in the infectious diseases department should be rich in vitamins B, C and K, and diet No. 1 is prescribed. This diet is more advanced, in this case, the following are allowed:

• diet sausages;
• mild cheese;
• salads;
• lean ham;
• sturgeon caviar;
• sweet juices;
• vegetarian soups with vegetables, cereals and pasta;
• fermented milk products;
• rosehip broth;
• coffee, tea, cocoa with milk or cream (weak);
• sweets, except ice cream, puff pastry and muffins;
• yesterday's bread;
• milk soups with cereals;
• cheesecakes, baked pies and uncoated biscuits;
• boiled meat, cutlets and meatballs, soufflé and zrazy;
• beef stroganoff;
• liver and tongue (boiled);
• vermicelli, pasta with butter;
• vegetables, except for mushrooms, cucumbers and any types that provoke flatulence;
• puddings;
• eggs (not fried or hard boiled).

Mouse fever - consequences

The main complication of hantavirus is kidney damage:

• failure;
• glomerulonephritis;
• uric acid diathesis.

Many of the currently existing diseases are caused by infections.

Infectious diseases are divided into several types, among which are the so-called natural focal. Pathologies of this type have some peculiarities: their development is possible only in a limited area and under certain conditions, the carriers of the virus are rodents.

When entering the human body, such infections can be very dangerous and have serious enough consequences. Mouse fever is just one of these diseases of infectious etiology.

Mouse fever: description

As the name implies, the disease is characterized by a febrile state, but besides this, there are other signs: thrombohemorrhagic syndrome, general intoxication of the body and kidney damage.

How is the virus spread?

In this case, the virus carriers are Norwegian rats and vole mice. What is characteristic - the rodents themselves do not suffer from the disease, but are only carriers. The virus is excreted through the feces and urine of animals.

The routes of infection can be of the following types:

• Alimentary... A person eats food or water that has gotten secretions with the virus.
• Air-dust... Inhaled dust contains contaminated excreta.
• Contact... Damaged skin comes into contact with carriers of the disease or objects contaminated by them.

The virus is not transmitted from person to person.

Most often, the inhabitants of villages and villages suffer from mouse fever, and most of the cases are men from 16 to 50 years old. The disease is seasonal in nature - outbreaks of fever with renal syndrome are recorded in the warm season (from May to October). On the territory of Russia, natural foci of the disease are located in the Ural and Volga districts.

Symptoms of mouse fever in an adult

Mouse fever with renal syndrome develops in stages. The signs and symptoms of mouse fever in adults are determined by the stage of the disease.

There are four stages in the course of the disease:

Mouse fever has symptoms similar to other pathologies (intestinal infection, acute respiratory infections), which makes it difficult to diagnose and therefore the disease is very dangerous. If you do not establish the correct diagnosis and treatment in time, there is a huge risk of complications.

Particular attention should be paid to the symptoms of mouse fever in children. The child's body is more sensitive to the causative agent of infection, therefore the incubation period proceeds much faster, and the signs of the disease corresponding to the second and third periods are more intense and brighter. In addition, they can appear less than a week after infection.

To the above signs of mouse fever may be added bleeding gums... And a high temperature often causes nosebleeds. Although children are much less likely to develop mouse fever, parents should be on their guard. At the first suspicion of an infection, you should immediately contact your pediatrician in order to prevent possible dangerous consequences.

Treatment of mouse fever in adults

Disease therapy is carried out only in a hospital under the strict supervision of an infectious disease doctor. While in the infectious diseases ward, the patient must strictly follow all the doctor's instructions and observe bed rest, which is established for a period of 7 to 30 days.

The patient is prescribed the following drugs:

• Pain relievers (ketorold, analgin);
• antipyretic (nurofen, paracetomol);
• antiviral (lavomax, amiksin, ingavirin);
• anti-inflammatory (piroxicam, aspirin);
• a complex of vitamins (vitamins of group B, ascorbic acid);
• infusion therapy (5% glucose solution, saline).

If necessary, the doctor may prescribe hormone therapy with prednisone... Thrombotic complications are treated with anticoagulants (warfarin, heparin). With severe kidney damage, hemodialysis may be prescribed.

To diagnose a disease the following factors are required:

For an accurate diagnosis of mouse fever, the doctor prescribes a number of laboratory tests

• General urine analysis (protein and erythrocytes will indicate the presence of the disease);
• a general blood test (a lowered platelet count should raise suspicion);
• enzyme immunoassay, which allows to determine the presence of special antibodies in the patient's blood, the task of which is to combat the causative agent of the disease;
• polymerase chain reaction is a method for detecting viruses that helps to detect the genetic materials of the pathogen in the patient's blood;
• a biochemical blood test to detect kidney problems;
• analysis of feces (blood found in feces indicates the presence of bleeding in the digestive system).

For the purpose of additional diagnostics, the following procedures:

• Chest x-ray;
• electrocardiography;
• ultrasonography;
• blood clotting test.

Treatment of mouse fever is carried out by a therapist in conjunction with an infectious disease specialist. The help of an epidemiologist may be needed.

Prophylaxis

Since the prevention of mouse fever does not involve vaccination, you can protect yourself by taking the necessary precautions. The most effective preventive measure for children, men and women is hygiene compliance, which include the following:

Compliance with these elementary rules will allow you to avoid infection with mouse fever and save you from its unpleasant consequences.

Type of morbidity and characteristics of the spread of mouse fever

The following types of morbidity exist:

• Production path (professional activity in the forest, oil pipelines, drilling stations, etc.).
• Agricultural type characterized by autumn-winter seasons.
• The forest type is the most common type. Infection occurs when visiting the forest (picking mushrooms, berries, etc.).
• Garden type.
• Household type. Infection in the country, in a country house, etc., that is, in those places that are located next to the forest or directly in it. With this type, the most cases of defeat of the elderly and children were recorded.
• Camp type (rest houses, forest sanatoriums, children's camps, etc.).

Among the features of the distribution the following can be distinguished:

• The incidence of mouse fever is single, however, there are also outbreaks: group infections - infection occurs in several people at the same time (usually 10-20), sometimes 30-100.
• Most often, men get sick (up to 90)% of the total number of infected.
• A large percentage of the defeat of young people aged 18 to 50 years (80%).

Basically, with timely and correct treatment the prognosis is favorable... In percentage terms, it looks like this:

After an infection in humans strong immunity is developed, repeated cases of infection are quite rare.

If the first signs of mouse fever are detected, you should immediately contact a specialist for laboratory tests and a subsequent course of treatment. In order to avoid the development of complications, do not delay the diagnosis of the disease.

"Mouse fever" is the common name for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. An infectious disease, transmission of the Hantavirus pathogen occurs through rodents: mice, rats, squirrels, but sometimes pets.

Most often men suffer from the disease: from adolescence to 50 years of age. At the same time, adolescents carry an infection with symptoms, as with acute respiratory infections, and adult men are seriously ill, with complications. Children and pregnant women can also get sick.

Mouse fever, if untimely detected and ineffective treatment, can lead a patient to death. The course of the disease itself is associated with damage to internal organs, in which the kidneys, lungs, heart, and small vessels are affected. Cases of renal syndrome are most often reported in the USA, Europe, Asia. The mortality rate for kidney damage is 10%.

How does human infection occur?

The rodents themselves do not get sick with hemorrhagic fever, they are carriers of the infection.

The virus, together with the excrement or urine of animals, enters the soil, is transmitted to humans through one of the following routes:

1. Aspiration (air-dust). For example, when cleaning in a basement through inhalation of dust containing the smallest dry particles of rodent excreta.
2. Alimentary (food). The human body becomes infected after eating vegetables, bread, fruits, other foods and water that are infected with the virus.
3. Contact. Infection is carried out from the very source of the disease or objects infected by it through damaged skin in the form of scratches, abrasions, cuts.

It's important to know! A sick person cannot infect a healthy person, therefore he does not pose a danger to those around him. The most “favorable” periods for transmission of infection are spring and autumn, when rodents migrate. These seasons are also "hot" for agriculture - an area where men are mainly employed.

Mouse fever has its natural foci in Russia: in the regions of the Urals and the Volga region.

The clinical picture of mouse fever

The manifestation of the virus occurs within a week or one and a half months, but the average incubation period is almost 20 days. At this time, the person is unaware of the infection. Sometimes the "lull" can last 60 days, depending on the protective functions of the body and the ability to carry infections.

The disease is characterized by several periods of its development with its own symptoms and signs:

1. Feverish (initial). It lasts no more than three days (sometimes 7 days), the signs of the disease appear suddenly. The temperature can reach 40 degrees, dizziness, muscle pain, chills, and malaise appear. Initial manifestations are often confused with an incipient cold. Therefore, in addition, it is necessary to pay attention to the formation of hemorrhagic rashes in the neck and face due to vascular lesions, decreased visual acuity, deterioration of blood clotting and the ability to concentrate, lack of oxygen, tachycardia.
2. Oligouric. This stage lasts up to seven days. The body temperature slowly decreases, there is a disturbance or lack of sleep. On the fourth day, the patient experiences severe pain in the lower back, abdomen, vomits, due to renal intoxication, the density and volume of urine excreted decrease, the color changes to reddish. This is a clear sign of hemorrhagic fever. Hemorrhages also occur in the skin due to the fragility of the vessels.
3. Polyuric. This stage is observed 9-14 days before recovery. Urine is excreted up to six liters per day, and its density continues to decrease. The patient suffers from lack of sleep, severe and persistent headaches. The eyelids and face are swollen, puffy, which indicates renal disease.
4. Reconvalescent. This is the longest period during which renal function and urea density are restored. All skin rashes disappear. Final recovery occurs after 30 days, and for some, six months later.

It's important to know! Sometimes a severe course of the disease can be marked by signs of Dupre's disease, or meningism, a clinical manifestation of irritation of the meninges. Residual pathological phenomena of hemorrhagic fever can persist for ten years.

Hemorrhagic rash

Complications

The disease is dangerous because patients, due to late diagnosis and untimely started or incorrect treatment, suffer from pathological changes in the kidneys, the urinary system is also subject to complications, and the liver is destroyed. Kidney dysfunction occurs, affecting the general condition and stage of intoxication of the human body. Restriction in movement occurs during the exacerbated period of the disease due to sharp pain in the lumbar region.

A careless attitude towards one's own health or poor-quality medical care can lead to the following main complications of mouse fever:

• rupture of the kidney, leading to subsequent death (rupture of the parenchyma often occurs with accidental strong blows);
• impaired renal excretory function;
• eclampsia (convulsive fainting);
• pulmonary edema;
• the appearance of focal pneumonia;
• vascular insufficiency, blood clots.

Despite recovery, men sometimes have short-term cerebral dysfunction, uremia, and fibrillation of small muscles. Do not ignore these changes and expect that "everything will pass." Men should immediately consult a doctor with complaints about what is happening in the body.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis and treatment are carried out only in stationary conditions: infectious or therapeutic departments of a medical institution. The patient can be transferred to any hospital, as he is not "contagious". In order to avoid complications, when the first signs of the disease appear, you should go to the hospital in order to differentiate mouse fever from a common cold.

Diagnostic measures are as follows:

• taking general blood and urine tests;
• biochemical blood test;
• taking immunological samples to establish the production of antibodies;
• serological tests;
• X-ray / ultrasound of the kidneys (for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome).

The composition of the blood shows the presence of a virus: cells (antibodies) are found in it, designed to quickly eliminate the virus from the body. The increased quantitative composition of leukocytes shows the current inflammatory process. A sharp increase in the amount - almost 15 times - of nitrogen in the bloodstream also indicates the disease of mouse fever. Due to the effect of this substance, the activity of tissues decreases, new cells are not formed, the body is poisoned, and the tissues die off.

It's important to know! In mouse fever, self-medication is unacceptable, especially in pregnant women. A viral infection has negative consequences, up to and including death.

Mouse fever treatment

At the first symptoms of the disease, you should consult a general practitioner. At high temperatures, call an ambulance. In case of fever, it is necessary to consult with an infectious disease specialist, in case of kidney problems - with a nephrologist.

Treatment should be comprehensive, including the following drugs:

• antiviral;
• antipyretic;
• pain relievers;
• anti-inflammatory.

And also vitamins are taken, a diet developed separately in each clinical case is followed.

Therapeutic measures are based on the following actions:

1. The patient is shown bed rest for one month. The temperature is reduced through the use of medicines with paracetamol. As pain relievers, preference is given to analgin, ketorol and other effective drugs.
2. Taking antiviral drugs (lavomax, amiksin, ingavirin), anti-inflammatory (piroxicam, aspirin), vitamins B, C, K, ascorbic acid.
3. Infusion therapy by physiological, glucose solutions.
4. Hemodialysis for kidney damage of an infected person.
5. Adhering to a specially designed diet (avoiding pickles, smoked foods, alcoholic beverages, food with hot spices). Only lean and bland food can restore kidney function.

A person who has had hemorrhagic fever should follow the regimen and diet for one year, regularly being examined by the attending physician. The final recovery of the kidneys will take place after two years. For three months / year, it is recommended to avoid physical activity and hard work in accordance with the severity of the illness.

The course of treatment is designed for one to four weeks. At the final stage, steps are taken to restore the body, which has been exposed to various drugs. The restoration of the body's water balance occurs due to special solutions. Diagnostic measures during this period are carried out to assess the effectiveness of the therapeutic course and in order to prevent complications or relapse. Traditional medicine for this disease is powerless.

It's important to know! At risk of complicated conditions, hormone therapy with prednisone may be prescribed. In the case of thrombotic consequences, the use of anticoagulants (heparin, warfarin) is indicated.

Preventive measures

There is no preliminary vaccination against mouse fever, you can protect yourself from infection by following simple rules:

• carefully engage in personal hygiene;
• regularly undergo medical examinations;
• consult a doctor if you feel unwell after relaxing in the country or outdoors;
• clean the house often and using antiseptic agents (wipe dust from all surfaces, as it may contain a virus);
• use gloves and a mask when cleaning (especially basements, garages, warehouses);
• wash your hands with special products (soap, antibacterial gel, etc.);
• drinking water after boiling or purified water;
• eat vegetables and fruits washed with running water / boiling water;
• provide an inaccessible storage space for all food items;
• immediately after the appearance, treat scratches, abrasions, any damage to the skin (especially those who live in country houses, in summer cottages);
• do not touch any representatives of the rodent class with unprotected hands, expose them to destruction (deratization) if they bred in the vicinity of a human dwelling.
• pay special attention to the hygienic procedures of children who play for a long time on the street.

The main preventive measures for mouse fever prevent contact with both the rodents themselves and their feces. Regular wet cleaning of premises, heat treatment of food, ultraviolet radiation are methods that can destroy the unstable hemorrhagic fever virus.

It must be remembered that garbage and various wastes attract animals. A well-fed life encourages them to actively reproduce, which further creates conditions for the onset of the disease. For the destruction of rodents, certified, and therefore high-quality drugs should be used.

Preventive action is characteristic, for example, of amiksin - a drug. This is the discovery of the latest scientific research. There is still no domestic vaccine in nature, it has been developed and is being tested. There is evidence that in South Korea the vaccine against mouse fever has been tested and is being used in practice.

Hello dear readers! Do you know that there is such a disease - mouse fever? People call this disease so, but for doctors it is hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. From the name, you probably already understood that mice are involved here. But, how and why - now I will explain everything to you in detail.

Mouse fever - how can you get infected?

Few of us adore mice that live in their burrows and go out from there in search of their food, when everything is calm around and there are no people nearby. Having found food for their food, they not only spoil and gnaw them, they thereby spread the causative agent of a dangerous disease.

Mouse fever is an acute viral disease, the causative agent of which is carried by vole mice, domestic mice, and Norwegian rats. The rodents themselves do not get sick, but they can transmit the pathogen by inheritance. The release of the virus into the external environment occurs through the excrement of rodents. Given the recent increase in the population of murine rodents, the possibility of contracting murine fever is increasing.

Among the ways of infection, doctors distinguish the following:

Airborne dust path - by inhalation of dust containing viruses in the dried excrement of rodents.

Alimentary route - when eating food or water that is contaminated with secretions with viruses.

Contact path - through direct contact of damaged human skin with objects contaminated with excrement with viruses, or through direct contact with infected rodents.

Very often, infection occurs when sweeping the floor in forest huts, when cleaning in basements and sheds, when eating contaminated water or food.

A sick person is not dangerous to others, so the disease is not transmitted from person to person.

Mouse Fever Symptoms

The incubation period - the period from the moment of infection until the first signs appear, lasts from a week to one and a half months.

During this period, patients do not even suspect about the disease. After about 2-3 weeks, the first signs of the disease appear, the disease enters the initial period, which lasts 1-3 days.

The disease in adults is characterized by an acute onset: the temperature rises sharply up to 40 degrees, the fever is accompanied by chills. Severe headache, eye pain and photophobia, visual impairment (blurred objects and a mesh in front of the eyes), hemorrhages in the sclera of the eyes, nosebleeds occur. Patients complain of muscle and joint pain, general weakness and dry mouth, nausea and vomiting. On examination, reddening of the skin of the upper half of the body is observed, and the appearance of a hemorrhagic rash in the area of ​​the sides of the body and armpits. Blood pressure decreases, pulse decreases.

In children, the clinical picture of the disease is not much different from that of adults, the initial period of the disease is longer for them, the symptoms develop gradually and they can be noticed 2-3 weeks after infection.

3-4 days after the onset of the first symptoms, the oliguric stage develops, which is characterized by the appearance of renal symptoms and hemorrhagic manifestations against the background of a persisting high temperature. However, after 4-7 days from the onset of the disease, the temperature begins to decrease. The main symptom of this period is the appearance of severe pain in the lumbar region and in the abdomen. Vomiting, flushing of the skin and hemorrhagic rash still persist. There is a puffy face, pasty eyelids and a sharp decrease in urine output, up to its complete cessation - anuria.

During this period, any even minor injury (tapping on the lower back or even jumping) can lead to such a serious complication - rupture of the kidney, acute renal failure and death.

After 1.5 - 2 weeks, the patient's condition improves, vomiting disappears, pains in the kidney area decrease, and then completely disappear, the amount of urine excreted increases and even exceeds the daily norm. But a general weakness still remains.

With timely and adequate treatment, the patient's condition is normalized, the symptoms gradually disappear.

Treatment and diagnosis of mouse fever

It will not be difficult for experienced doctors to diagnose this infection. And although the onset of the disease is similar to ARVI, unlike the latter, catarrhal symptoms and cough are not observed in such patients.

But on the other hand, a sharp increase in temperature of unknown origin, hemorrhages in the skin, sclera of the eyes, bleeding gums, pain in the kidney area and other symptoms will alert.

The most important evidence of this disease is the collection of an epidemiological history. Only after learning that there was contact (direct or indirect) with mice and being in a focus endemic in terms of incidence, it is possible to confirm the diagnosis of mouse fever. In addition, the diagnosis of the disease must be confirmed by a laboratory blood test.

Treatment of the disease must necessarily take place in an infectious or therapeutic hospital in compliance with strict bed rest. There can be no talk of any folk remedies and treatment at home - too serious a disease and possible complications from it.

Mouse fever - consequences after illness

With timely treatment started, no complications arise, however, a late visit to a doctor and the treatment started can give the following complications:

• ruptured kidney
• violation of renal excretory function,
• eclampsia - convulsive fainting,
• pulmonary edema,
• the appearance of localized foci of pneumonia,
• vascular insufficiency and blood clots.

Mouse fever does not cause special consequences for health - it passes without a trace. But, the danger of the disease lies in late diagnosis and the beginning of treatment, when time has already been lost and kidney damage and liver destruction have begun. This not only leads to very serious illnesses, but also often ends in death. This is where all the possible danger lies.

Having been ill with mouse fever and even having recovered, the patient must strictly follow the regimen and diet for a year.

During the period of treatment and recovery, it is necessary to abandon salty, smoked, spicy foods and alcohol. Food should be bland and lean and low in salt. This is necessary for the normal restoration of kidney function.

How not to get mouse fever

Measures to prevent the disease are elementary, which are already clear from how they get infected with mouse fever. This means:

• Destroy rodents wherever they can be adjacent to you.
• When putting things in order in forest houses, basements, attics, utility rooms, use masks - bandages on your face, try to clean only with a wet method.
• Store food out of the reach of mice.
• Do not eat foods that have been spoiled by rodents.
• Don't drink water from unknown sources.
• And wash your hands, especially when cleaning rooms where there are traces of rodents.

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Be healthy! Taisiya Filippova was with you.

Related publications

Rodents are direct carriers of certain diseases, including murine fever. She will be discussed in today's article. This ailment should not be taken lightly, because it poses a very serious danger to human health and life.

What is Mouse Fever

It is always accompanied by kidney damage and severe intoxication of the body (with a temperature of about 40 degrees and above). This disease is considered extremely dangerous due to the development of severe complications in the absence of timely and correct treatment.

How do you catch mouse fever?

The first option is found much more often than the second. Rodent feces can pose a risk of infection by contact with mucous membranes and open wounds. You can also get sick by eating food or water that is contaminated with urine or droppings. Airborne droplets can be transmitted by inhaling dust that contains small particles of mouse excrement.

Speaking specifically about the Russian Federation, the foci of this virus will be the Urals and partly the Volga region.

Mouse fever (video)

Mouse fever symptoms, course of the disease

Clinical symptoms at different stages of the disease are:

• redness of the pharyngeal mucosa;
• the appearance of pain in the lumbar region;
• general malaise;
• flat rashes on the body;
• photophobia;
• redness of the skin;
• bradycardia;

Incubation period. Its duration ranges from a week to one and a half months. If you deduce the arithmetic mean, then it will be equal to three weeks. There are no symptoms of the disease at this stage yet.

Initial stage. It is extremely short; its duration usually does not exceed three days. As a rule, the initial stage is characterized by an acute onset with high fever, severe weakness, chills, and muscle pain. Often there will be complaints of severe headaches, decreased concentration and dry mouth.

On visual examination of such a patient, hyperemia (redness) of the skin of the face, neck and chest with elements of a rash of the type of hemorrhage can be noted. In some cases, conjunctivitis may develop. A more rare option is the gradual development of the disease with the presence of a mild cough and mild malaise.

Oliguric stage. It starts from the third or fourth day after the onset of the disease. The temperature is maintained, and will still reach high enough marks on the thermometer. It will begin to decrease only from the sixth or seventh day of illness, in parallel with the deterioration of the general condition of the patient.

The main clinical symptom is the presence of severe pain in the abdomen and lower back, the appearance of repeated vomiting, dehydration, and sleep disturbances. Hyperemia of the skin persists, they become very dry. The rash becomes even more pronounced. Due to kidney damage, edema appears on the face, anuria occurs.

Polyuric stage. Begins from the ninth to the thirteenth day of illness. The pain syndrome subsides, vomiting stops. There is a sharp increase in the daily amount of urine, up to a significant excess of normal values. The patient's condition is still characterized by general weakness. Sleep is practically absent.

The stage of recovery (convalescence). The patient's condition is normalized, the kidneys begin to function normally, appetite appears, the rash disappears.

In children, mouse fever is not always immediately recognizable. In childhood, it can often be asymptomatic for two or three weeks.

It is often also confused with intestinal pathologies or colds. This virus differs from the later onset of abdominal pain, nausea and diarrhea. Mouse fever is distinguished from colds by the complete absence of catarrhal phenomena (cough, runny nose).

The main symptoms in children will be: high fever, nosebleeds, muscle and headaches, blurred vision, nausea and vomiting.

In adults, the recovery period is much longer than in children. Sometimes it takes more than one month.

Diagnostics

• High body temperature of unknown origin.
• The presence of characteristic clinical signs and stages of the disease.
• There was a place where a person was in the zones of the vital activity of rodents.
• Contact with rodents.

• General urine analysis (presence of protein and erythrocytes).
• Complete blood count (decreased platelet count).
• ELISA for the presence of certain antibodies.
• to identify pathological processes in the kidneys.
• Coprogram (for the presence of blood).

Treatment in children and adults

Treatment in adults and children will be almost the same, the principal difference is only in the dosage of the drugs.

Therapy is carried out with infusion solutions (glucose solution, saline).

• Anti-inflammatory ("Aspirin").
• Painkillers ("Ketorol", "Analgin").
• Antipyretic (Nurofen, Paracetamol).
• Antiviral (Amiksin, Ingavirin).

In order to normalize metabolism and increase immunity, vitamins C and B are prescribed.

If the kidney damage is severe enough, hemodialysis may be necessary.

At the onset of the disease, you should try to drink more fluids. As mouse fever progresses, drink slightly acidified water, limit food.

When the symptoms subside, you can include vegetable soups and compote made from dried fruits in the menu. Then you can introduce oatmeal porridge, even later - low-fat varieties of meat or poultry.

Consequences of the disease

The urinary system is under a big blow. If you ignore the symptoms of the disease, kidney rupture can occur.

Other complications:

• Cardiovascular pathology.