The most important dates and events in the history of russia. The main dates of the history of Russia. Significant dates in the history of Russia Key facts and events from the history of the Russian Federation

This section presents the most important dates in the history of Russia.

Brief chronology of the History of Russia.

VI century n. e., from 530 - the Great Migration of the Slavs. The first mention of the Ros / Rus people
860 - the first campaign of the Rus to Constantinople
862 - The year to which the "Tale of Bygone Years" refers to the "vocation of the Norman king" Rurik.
911 - The campaign of the Kiev prince Oleg to Constantinople and the treaty with Byzantium.
941 - The campaign of the Kiev prince Igor to Constantinople.
944 - Igor's treaty with Byzantium.
945 - 946 - Submission of the Drevlyans to Kiev
957 - Trip of Princess Olga to Constantinople
964-966 biennium - Hikes of Svyatoslav to the Kama Bulgarians, Khazars, Yases and Kasogs
967-971 biennium - War of Prince Svyatoslav with Byzantium
988-990 - The beginning of the baptism of Russia
1037 - The foundation stone of the temple of Sophia in Kiev
1043 - Campaign of Prince Vladimir to Byzantium
1045-1050 - Construction of the Temple of Sophia in Novgorod
1054-1073 biennium - Presumably during this period appears "The Truth of the Yaroslavichi"
1056-1057 - "Ostromir Gospel"
1073 - "Izbornik" of Prince Svyatoslav Yaroslavich
1097 - The first congress of princes in Lyubech
1100 - Second Congress of Princes in Uvetichi (Vitichev)
1116 - The appearance of the "Tale of Bygone Years" in the edition of Sylvester
1147 - The first mention of Moscow in chronicles
1158-1160 - Construction of the Assumption Cathedral in Vladimir-on-Klyazma
1169 - The capture of Kiev by the troops of Andrei Bogolyubsky and his allies
1170 February 25 - Victory of the Novgorodians over the troops of Andrei Bogolyubsky and his allies
1188 - The approximate date of the appearance of the "Lay of Igor's Campaign"
1202 - Foundation of the Order of the Swordsmen (Livonian Order)
1206 - Proclamation of Temuchin as the "Great Khan" of the Mongols and his adoption of the name of Genghis Khan
1223 May 31 - Battle of Russian princes and Polovtsy on the river. Kalke
1224 - The capture of St. George's (Tartu) by the Germans
1237 - Unification of the Order of the Swordsmen and the Teutonic Order
1237-1238 - Invasion of Khan Batu in North-Eastern Russia
1238 March 4 - Battle on the river. City
1240 July 15 - Victory of the Novgorod prince Alexander Yaroslavich over the Swedish knights on the river. Neve
1240 December 6 (or November 19) - The capture of Kiev by the Mongol-Tatars
1242 April 5 - "Battle on the Ice" on Lake Peipsi
1243 - Formation of the Golden Horde.
1262 - Uprising against the Mongol-Tatars in Rostov, Vladimir, Suzdal, Yaroslavl
1327 - uprising against the Mongol-Tatars in Tver
1367 - Construction of the stone Kremlin in Moscow
1378 - The first victory of the Russian troops over the Tatars on the river. Vozhe
1380 September 8 - Battle of Kulikovo
1382 - Khan Tokhtamysh's campaign to Moscow
1385 - Union of Kreva between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Poland
1395 - The defeat of the Golden Horde by Timur (Tamerlane)
1410 July 15 - Battle of Grunwald. Ragrom of the German knights by the Polish-Lithuanian-Russian troops
1469-1472 - Journey of Afanasy Nikitin to India
1471 - Hike of Ivan III to Novgorod. Battle on the river Sheloni
1480 - "Standing" on the river. Eel. End of the Tatar-Mongol yoke.
1484-1508 - Construction of the Moscow Kremlin. Construction of cathedrals and the Faceted Chamber
1507-1508, 1512-1522 - Wars of the Moscow state with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Return of Smolensk and Smolensk land
1510 - Accession of Pskov to Moscow
1547 January 16 - The wedding of Ivan IV to the kingdom
1550 - Ivan the Terrible's Code of Law. Creation Streltsy troops
1550 October 3 - Decree on the placement of the "chosen thousand" in the districts adjacent to Moscow
1551 - February-May - Hundred-domed Cathedral of the Russian Church
1552 - The capture of Kazan by Russian troops. Accession of the Kazan Khanate
1556 - Accession of Astrakhan to Russia
1558-1583 - Livonian War
1565-1572 - Oprichnina
1569 - Union of Lublin. Formation of the Commonwealth
1582 January 15 - Truce of the Russian state with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Zapolsky Pit
1589 - Establishment of the Patriarchate in Moscow
1590-1593 - War of the Russian state with Sweden
1591 May - Death of Tsarevich Dmitry in Uglich
1595 - The conclusion of the Tyavzin peace with Sweden
1598 January 7 - Death of Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich and the end of the Rurik dynasty
1604 October - Intervention of False Dmitry I into the Russian state
1605 June - The overthrow of the Godunov dynasty in Moscow. Accession of False Dmitry I
1606 - The uprising in Moscow and the assassination of False Dmitry I
1607 - The beginning of the intervention of False Dmitry II
1609-1618 - Open Polish-Swedish intervention
1611 March-April - Creation of a militia against the invaders
1611 September-October - Creation of the militia under the leadership of Minin and Pozharsky in Nizhny Novgorod
1612 October 26 - The capture of the Moscow Kremlin by the militia of Minin and Pozharsky
1613 - February 7-21 - Election of the Zemsky Sobor to the reign of Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov
1633 - Death of Patriarch Filaret, father of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich
1648 - Uprising in Moscow - "Salt riot"
1649 - "Cathedral Code" of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich
1649-1652 - Hikes of Erofei Khabarov to the Daurian land along the Amur
1652 - Consecration of Nikon to the patriarch
1653 - Zemsky Sobor in Moscow and the decision on the reunification of Ukraine with Russia
1654 January 8-9 - Pereyaslavskaya Rada. Reunification of Ukraine with Russia
1654-1667 - The war between Russia and Poland over Ukraine
1667 January 30 - Andrusov armistice
1670-1671 - Peasant War led by S. Razin
1676-1681 - The war of Russia with Turkey and Crimea for the Right-Bank Ukraine
1681 January 3 - Armistice of Bakhchisarai
1682 - Abolition of parochialism
1682 May - Streletsky uprising in Moscow
1686 - "Eternal Peace" with Poland
1687-1689 - Crimean campaigns of the book. V.V. Golitsyn
1689 August 27 - Treaty of Nerchinsk with China
1689 September - The overthrow of Princess Sophia
1695-1696 - The Azov campaigns of Peter I
1696 January 29 - the death of Ivan V. The establishment of the autocracy of Peter I
1697-1698 - "Great Embassy" of Peter I to Western Europe
1698 April-June - Riot of the Strelets
1699 December 20 - Decree on the introduction of a new chronology from January 1, 1700.
1700 July 13 - Armistice of Constantinople with Turkey
1700-1721 - Northern war between Russia and Sweden
1700 - Death of Patriarch Adrian. Appointment of Stefan Yavorsky as locum tenens of the Patriarchal throne
1700 November 19 - the defeat of the Russian troops near Narva
1703 - Russia's first stock exchange (merchants' assembly) in St. Petersburg
1703 - Publication of the textbook "Arithmetic" by Magnitsky
1707-1708 - Uprising on the Don K. Bulavin
1709 June 27 - The defeat of the Swedish troops at Poltava
1711 - the Prut campaign of Peter I
1712 - Decree on the establishment of commercial and industrial companies
1714 March 23 - Decree on single inheritance
1714 July 27 - Victory of the Russian fleet over the Swedish at Gangut
1721 August 30 - Peace of Nishtad between Russia and Sweden
1721 October 22 - Acceptance of the imperial title by Peter I
1722 January 24 - Table of Ranks
1722-1723 - Persian campaign of Peter I
1724 January 28 - Decree on the establishment Russian Academy sciences
1725 January 28 - Death of Peter I
1726 February 8 - Establishment of the Supreme Privy Council
1727 May 6 - death of Catherine I
1730 January 19 - Death of Peter II
1731 - Cancellation of the decree on single inheritance
1732 January 21 - Treaty of Rasht with Persia
1734 - "Treatise on Friendship and Commerce" between Russia and England
1735-1739 - Russian-Turkish war
1736 - Decree on the "eternal fixation" of artisans at factories
1740 from 8 to 9 November - Palace coup, overthrow of the regent Biron. Announcement of the regent Anna Leopoldovna
1741-1743 - The war between Russia and Sweden
1741 November 25 - Palace coup, the enthronement of Elizabeth Petrovna by the guards
1743 June 16 - Abo peace with Sweden
1755 January 12 - Decree on the founding of Moscow University
1756 August 30 - Decree on the establishment of the Russian theater in St. Petersburg (F. Volkov troupe)
1759 1 (12) August - Victory of the Russian troops at Kunnersdorf
1760 September 28 - The capture of Berlin by the Russian troops
1762 February 18 - Manifesto "On the freedom of the nobility"
1762 July 6 - Assassination of Peter III and accession to the throne of Catherine II
1764 - Establishment of the Smolny Institute in St. Petersburg
1764 from 4 to 5 July - Attempted coup by V.Ya. Mirovich. The assassination of Ivan Antonovich in the Shlisselburg fortress
1766 - Accession to Russia of the Aleutian Islands
1769 - First external loan in Amsterdam
1770 June 24-26 - Defeat Turkish fleet in the Chesme Bay
1773-1775 - The first section of the Commonwealth
1773-1775 - Peasant War led by E.I. Pugacheva
1774 July 10 - Peace of Kuchuk-Kainarzhi with Turkey
1783 - The annexation of Crimea to Russia 1785 April 21 - Letters of gratitude to the nobility and cities
1787-1791 - Russian-Turkish war
1788-1790 - Russian-Swedish war of 1791 December 29 - Peace of Yasi with Turkey
1793 - The second section of the Commonwealth
1794 - Polish uprising led by T. Kosciuszko and its suppression
1795 - The third partition of Poland
1796 - Formation of the Little Russian province 1796-1797. - War with Persia
1797 - April 5 - "Institution of the Imperial Family"
1799 - Italian and Swiss campaigns of A.V. Suvorov
1799 - Formation of the United Russian-American Company
1801 January 18 - Manifesto on the accession of Georgia to Russia
1801 from 11 to 12 March - Palace coup. The assassination of Paul I. Accession to the throne of Alexander I
1804-1813 - Russian-Iranian war
1805 20 November - Battle of Austerlitz
1806-1812 - War of Russia with Turkey
1807 June 25 - Peace of Tilsit
1808-1809 - Russian-Swedish war
1810 January 1 - Establishment of the Council of State
1812 - Invasion of Napoleon's "Great Army" into Russia. Patriotic War
1812 August 26 - Battle of Borodino
1813 January 1 - Beginning of the Foreign campaign of the Russian army
1813 October 16-19 - "Battle of the Nations" at Leipzig
1814 March 19 - Entry allied forces in Paris
1814 September 19 -1815 May 28 - Congress of Vienna
1825 December 14 - Decembrist uprising in St. Petersburg
1826-1828 - Russian-Iranian war
1827 October 20 - Battle in Navarino Bay
1828 February 10 - Turkmanchay peace treaty with Iran
1828-1829 - Russian-Turkish war
1829 September 2 - Treaty of Adrianople with Turkey
1835 July 26 - University Charter
1837 October 30 - Opening railroad Petersburg-Tsarskoe Selo
1839-1843 - Monetary reform of Count E. f. Kankrina
1853 - Opening of the Free Russian Printing House by A.I. Herzen in London
1853 - the Kokaid campaign of the general. V.A. Perovsky
1853-1856 - Crimean War
1854 September - 1855 August - Defense of Sevastopol
1856 March 18 - Treaty of Paris
1860 May 31 - Establishment of the State Bank
1861 February 19 - Abolition of serfdom
1861 - Establishment of the Council of Ministers
1863 June 18 - University Charter
1864 November 20 - Decree on judicial reform. "New judicial statutes"
1865 - Military and judicial reform
1874 January 1 - "Charter on military service"
1874 spring - The first mass "going to the people" of the revolutionary populists
1875 April 25 - Treaty of St. Petersburg between Russia and Japan (on South Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands)
1876-1879 - The second "Earth and Freedom"
1877-1878 - Russian-Turkish war
1879 August - The split of "Land and Freedom" into "Black Redistribution" and "Narodnaya Volya"
1881 March 1 - Murder of Alexander II by the revolutionary populists
1885 January 7-18 - Morozov strike
1892 - Russian-French secret military convention
1896 - The invention of the radiotelegraph by A.S. Popov
1896 May 18 - Khodynskaya tragedy in Moscow during the coronation of Nicholas II
1898 March 1-2 - 1st Congress of the RSDLP
1899 May-July - I Hague Peace Conference
1902 - Formation of the Socialist Revolutionary Party (SR)
1904-1905 - Russian- japanese war
1905 January 9 - "Bloody Sunday". The beginning of the first Russian revolution
1905 April - Formation of the Russian Monarchist Party and the "Union of the Russian People".
1905 May 12-June 1 - General strike in Ivanovo-Voskresensk. Formation of the first Soviet of Workers' Deputies
1905 May 14-15 - Battle of Tsushima
1905 June 9-11 - Uprising in Lodz
1905 June 14-24 - Uprising on the battleship "Potemkin"
1905 23 August - Portsmouth Peace Treaty with Japan
1905 October 7 - The beginning of the All-Russian political strike
1905 October 12-18 - Founding Congress of the Constitutional Democratic Party (Cadets)
1905 October 13 - Creation of the St. Petersburg Soviet of Workers' Deputies
1905 October 17 - Manifesto of Nicholas II
1905 November - Formation of the "Union of October 17" (Octobrists)
1905 December 9-19 - Moscow armed uprising
1906 April 27 - July 8 - I State Duma
1906 November 9 - The beginning of the agrarian reform of P.A. Stolypin
1907 February 20 - June 2 - II State Duma
1907 November 1 - 1912 July 9 - III State Duma
1908 - Formation of the reactionary "Union of Michael the Archangel"
1912 November 15 - 1917 February 25 - IV State Duma
1914 July 19 (August 1) - Germany's declaration of war on Russia. The beginning of the first world war
1916 May 22 - July 31 - Brusilov breakthrough
1916 December 17 - Assassination of Rasputin
1917 February 26 - The beginning of the transition of troops to the side of the revolution
1917 February 27 - February Revolution. Overthrow of the autocracy in Russia
1917, March 3 - Abdication led. book Mikhail Alexandrovich. Declaration of the Provisional Government
1917 June 9-24 - I All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers 'and Soldiers' Deputies
1917 August 12-15 - State meeting in Moscow
1917 August 25-September 1 - Kornilov revolt
1917 September 14-22 - All-Russian Democratic Conference in Petrograd
1917 October 24-25 - Armed Bolshevik coup. Overthrow of the Provisional Government
1917 October 25 - Opening of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets
1917 October 26 - Decrees of the Soviets about peace, about land. "Declaration of the rights of the peoples of Russia"
1917 November 12 - Elections to the Constituent Assembly
1917 December 7 - Decision of the Council of People's Commissars on the creation of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-revolution (VChK)
1917 December 14 - Decree of the Central Executive Committee on the nationalization of banks
1917 December 18 - Independence of Finland
1918-1922 - Civil War on the territory of the former Russian Empire
1918 January 6 - Dispersal of the Constituent Assembly
1918 January 26 - Decree on the transition to a new calendar style from February I (14)
1918 - March 3 - The conclusion of the Brest Peace
1918 May 25 - The beginning of the uprising of the Czechoslovak Corps
1918 July 10 - Adoption of the Constitution of the RSFSR
1920 January 16 - Cancellation of the blockade of Soviet Russia by the Entente
1920 - Soviet-Polish war
1921 February 28-March 18 - Kronstadt uprising
1921 March 8-16 - X Congress of the RCP (b). The decision on the "new economic policy"
1921 March 18 - Riga Peace Treaty of the RSFSR with Poland
1922 April 10-May 19 - Genoa Conference
1922 April 16 - Rappalskiy separate agreement of the RSFSR with Germany
1922 December 27 - Formation of the USSR
1922 December 30 - I Congress of Soviets of the USSR
1924 January 31 - Approval of the Constitution of the USSR
October 1928 - December 1932 - The first five-year plan. The beginning of industrialization in the USSR
1930 - The beginning of complete collectivization
1933-1937 - Second five-year plan
1934 December 1 - Murder of S.M. Kirov. Deployment of mass terror in the USSR
1936 December 5 - Adoption of the Constitution of the USSR
1939 23 August - Soviet-German non-aggression pact
1939 September 1 - Germany attacked Poland. The beginning of the second world war
1939 September 17 - The entry of Soviet troops into Poland
1939 September 28 - Soviet-German agreement "on friendship and borders"
1939 November 30 - 1940 March 12 - Soviet-Finnish War
1940 June 28 - Entry of Soviet troops into Bessarabia
1940 June-July - Soviet occupation Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia
1941 April 13 - Soviet-Japanese treaty of neutrality
1941 June 22 - The attack of Nazi Germany and its allies on the USSR. The beginning of the Great Patriotic War
1945 May 8 - Act of unconditional surrender of Germany. USSR victory in the Great Patriotic War
1945 September 2 - Japan's Unconditional Surrender Act
1945 November 20 - 1946 October 1 - Nuremberg Trials
1946-1950 - The fourth five-year plan. Restoration of the destroyed national economy
1948 August - Session of the All-Union Agricultural Academy. Start of the campaign to combat "morganism" and "cosmopolitanism"
1949 January 5-8 - Creation of the CMEA
1949 August 29 - The first test of the atomic bomb in the USSR
1954 June 27 - Start-up of the world's first nuclear power plant in Obninsk
1955 14m; 1st - Creation of the Warsaw Pact Organization (ATS)
1955 July 18-23 - Meeting of the Heads of Government of the USSR, Great Britain, USA and France in Geneva
1956 February 14-25 - XX Congress of the CPSU
1956 June 30 - Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union "Determination of the personality cult and its consequences"
1957 July 28-August 11 - VI World Festival of Youth and Students in Moscow
1957 October 4 - Launch of the world's first artificial Earth satellite in the USSR
1961 April 12 - Yu.A. Gagarin on the Vostok spacecraft
1965 March 18 - Space pilot A.A. Leonov into outer space
1965 - Reform of the economic mechanism of economic management in the USSR
1966 June 6 - Decree of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the USSR and the Council of Ministers of the USSR "On the public appeal of youth to the most important construction projects of the five-year plan"
1968 August 21 - Intervention of the ATS countries in Czechoslovakia
1968 - Open letter from Academician A.D. Sakharov to the Soviet leadership
1971, March 30-April 9 - XXIV Congress of the CPSU
1972 May 26 - Signing in Moscow "Fundamentals of relations between the USSR and the United States." The beginning of the "detente" policy
1974 February - A.I. Solzhenitsyn
1975 July 15-21 - Joint Soviet-American experiment under the Soyuz-Apollo program
1975 July 30-August 1 - Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (Helsinki). Signing of the Final Act by 33 European countries, USA and Canada
1977 October 7 - Adoption of the Constitution of the "developed socialism" of the USSR
1979 December 24 - The beginning of the intervention of Soviet troops in Afghanistan
1980 January - Link A.D. Sakharov to Gorky
1980 19 July-3 August - Olympic Games in Moscow
1982 May 24 - Adoption of the Food Program
1985 19-21 November - M.S. Gorbachev and US President R. Reagan in Geneva. Restoration of the Soviet-American political dialogue
1986 April 26 - Accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant
1987 June-July - The beginning of the policy of "perestroika" in the USSR
1988 June 28-July 1 - XIX Conference of the CPSU. The beginning of political reform in the USSR
1989 May 25-June 9. - I Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR, elected on the basis of amendments to the Constitution of the USSR
1990 March 11 - Adoption of the Act of Independence of Lithuania.
1990 March 12-15 - III Extraordinary Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR
1990 May 1-June 12 - Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR. Declaration on State Sovereignty of Russia
1991 March 17 - Referendum on the preservation of the USSR and the introduction of the post of President of the RSFSR
1991 June 12 - Election of the President of Russia
1991 July 1 - Dissolution of the Warsaw Pact Organization in Prague
1991 19-21 August - Attempted coup in the USSR (GKChP Case)
1991 September - Entry of troops into Vilnius. Attempted coup in Lithuania
1991 December 8 - The signing in Minsk by the leaders of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus of the agreement on the "Commonwealth of Independent States" and the dissolution of the USSR
1992 January 2 - Liberalization of prices in Russia
1992 February 1 - Declaration by Russia and the United States to End the Cold War
1992 March 13 - Initialing of the Federal Treaty of the republics as part of Russian Federation
1993 March - VIII and IX Congresses of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation
1993 April 25 - All-Russian referendum on confidence in the policy of the President of Russia
1993 June - The work of the constitutional meeting on the preparation of the draft Constitution of Russia
1993 September 21 - Decree of B.N. Yeltsin "On a phased constitutional reform" and the dissolution of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation
1993 October 3-4 - Demonstrations and armed actions of the pro-communist opposition in Moscow. The storming of the building of the Supreme Council by troops loyal to the President
1993 December 12 - Elections to the State Duma and the Federation Council. Referendum on the draft of the new Constitution of the Russian Federation
1994 January 11 - The State Duma and the Federation Council of the Russian Federation began to work in Moscow

In 11th grade, it is not necessary to know all the dates from the textbook by heart. It is enough to master the mandatory minimum, which, believe me, will come in handy not only in the exam, but also in life.

So, your preparation for OGE and USE in history must necessarily include memorizing several of the most important dates in Russian history. Be aware of the most important events in Russian history - and to make it easier to master them, you can, for example, write the entire minimum on cards and divide them by centuries. Such a simple step will allow you to start navigating history by periods, and when you write everything on pieces of paper, then unconsciously remember everything. Your parents and grandmothers and grandfathers also used a similar method, when there was not even a trace of the USE and GIA.

We can also advise you to say the most important dates in the history of Russia out loud and record it on a dictaphone. Listen to the resulting recordings several times a day, and best of all - in the morning, when the brain has just woken up and has not yet absorbed the usual daily dose of information.

But in no case do we recommend that you try to memorize everything at once. Take pity on yourself, in a day no one has yet managed to master the entire school curriculum on the history of Russia. The USE and GIA are designed to test how well you know the full course of the subject. So do not even think to somehow cheat the system or hope for the students' favorite "night before the exam", as well as a variety of cheat sheets and "answers to the GIA and USE in history 2015", of which there are so many on the Internet.

With the leaves, the last hope of careless schoolchildren, it was always strict at the state exams, and every year the situation becomes even more complicated. Exams in grades 9 and 11 are held not only under the strict supervision of experienced teachers, but also under the supervision of video cameras, and you know, it is almost impossible to outsmart technology.

So get enough sleep, don't be nervous, develop your memory and memorize 35 most important dates in Russian history. Relying on yourself is the best thing that can help you in passing the exam and the state exam.

862 The beginning of the reign of Rurik
988 Baptism of Rus
1147 First mention of Moscow
1237-1480 Mongol-Tatar yoke
1240 Battle of the Neva
1380 Battle of Kulikovo
1480 Standing on the Ugra River. Fall of the Mongol yoke
1547 The wedding of Ivan the Terrible to the kingdom
1589 Establishment of the Patriarchate in Russia
1598-1613 Time of Troubles
1613 Election of Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov to the kingdom
1654 Pereyaslavskaya Rada.
1670-1671 Rise of Stepan Razin
1682-1725 Reign of Peter I
1700-1721 Northern War
1703 Foundation of St. Petersburg
1709 Battle of Poltava
1755 Foundation of Moscow University
1762- 1796 Reign of Catherine II
1773- 1775 Peasant War led by E. Pugachev
1812- 1813 Patriotic War
1812 Battle of Borodino
1825 Decembrist uprising
1861 Abolition of serfdom
1905- 1907 First Russian Revolution
1914 Russia's entry into the First World War
1917 February Revolution. Overthrow of the autocracy
1917 October Revolution
1918- 1920 Civil War
1922 Formation of the USSR
1941- 1945 Great Patriotic War
1957 Launch of the first artificial Earth satellite
1961 Flight of Yu.A. Gagarin into space
1986 Accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant
1991 Collapse of the USSR

IX century - Formation of the Old Russian state.

862 - "The calling of the Varangians" to Russia.

862-879 - The reign of Rurik in Novgorod.

879-912 - The reign of Oleg in Kiev.

882 - The unification of Novgorod and Kiev into a single state under Prince Oleg.

907, 911 - Oleg's campaigns to Constantinople. Agreements with the Greeks.

912-945 - The reign of Igor in Kiev.

945 - The uprising of the Drevlyans.

945-962 - The reign of Princess Olga in the early childhood of her son, Prince Svyatoslav.

957 - Baptism of Princess Olga in Constantinople.

962-972 - The reign of Svyatoslav Igorevich.

964-972 - Military campaigns of Prince Svyatoslav. 980-1015 - The reign of Vladimir I Svyatoslavich Saint.

988 - Adoption of Christianity in Russia.

1019-1054 - The reign of Yaroslav the Wise.

1037 - The beginning of the construction of the Church of St. Sophia in Kiev.

1045 - The beginning of the construction of the Church of St. Sophia in Novgorod the Great.

OK. 1072 - The final design of Russkaya Pravda (Pravda Yaroslavichi).

1097 - Congress of princes in Lyubech. Consolidation of the fragmentation of the Old Russian state.

1113-1125 - The great reign of Vladimir Monomakh.

1125-1157 - The reign of Yuri Vladimirovich Dolgoruky in Vladimir.

1136 - Establishment of a republic in Novgorod.

1147 - The first mention of Moscow in the annals.

1157-1174 - The reign of Andrey Yuryevich Bogolyubsky.

1165 - Construction of the Church of the Intercession on the Nerl.

1185 - Campaign of Prince Igor Novgorod Seversky against the Polovtsi. "A word about Igor's regiment."

1199 - Unification of the Volyn and Galician principalities.

1202 - Formation of the Order of the Swordsmen.

1237-1240 - Invasion of the Mongol Tatars led by Khan Baty to Russia.

1237 - Unification of the Teutonic Order with the Order of the Swordsmen. Formation of the Livonian Order. 1238, March 4. - Battle on the City River.

1240, July 15. - Battle of the Neva. Defeat of the Swedish knights by Prince Alexander Yaroslavich on the Neva River. Nicknamed Nevsky.

1240 - The defeat of Kiev by the Mongol-Tatars.

1242, April 5. - Battle on the Ice. The defeat of the Crusaders by Prince Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky on Lake Peipsi.

1243 - Formation of the state of the Golden Horde.

1252-1263 - The reign of Alexander Nevsky on the grand princely throne of Vladimir.

1264 - The collapse of the Galicia Volyn principality under the blows of the Horde.

1276 - Formation of an independent Moscow principality.

1325-1340 - The reign of Prince Ivan Kalita in Moscow. 1326 - Transfer of the residence of the head of the Russian Orthodox Church - the Metropolitan - from Vladimir to Moscow, the transformation of Moscow into an all-Russian religious center.

1327 - Uprising in Tver against the Golden Horde.

1359-1389 - The reign of the prince (since 1362 - the grand duke) Dmitry Ivanovich (after 1380 - the Donskoy) in Moscow.

OK. 1360-1430 - The life and work of Andrei Rublev.

1378 - Battle on the Vozha River.

1382 - The defeat of Moscow by Tokhtamysh.

1389-1425 - The reign of Vasily I Dmitrievich.

1425-1453 - Dynastic war between the sons and grandsons of Dmitry Donskoy.

1439 - Florentine Church Union on the unification of the Catholic and Orthodox Churches under the leadership of the Pope. The act of union was signed by the Russian Metropolitan Isidor, for which he was deposed.

1448 - Election of Bishop Jonah of Ryazan as Metropolitan of the Russian Orthodox Church and All Russia. Establishment of autocephaly (independence) of the Russian Orthodox Church from Byzantium. 1453 - The fall of the Byzantine Empire. 1462-1505 - The reign of Ivan III. 1463 - Yaroslavl was annexed to Moscow. 1469-1472 - Travel of Afanasy Nikitin to India. 1471 - Battle of the Moscow and Novgorod troops on the Sheloni River. 1478 - The annexation of Novgorod the Great to Moscow. 1480 - "Standing on the Ugra River". Elimination of the Horde yoke. 1484-1508 - Construction of the current Moscow Kremlin. Construction of cathedrals and the Faceted Chamber, brick walls. 1485 - Annexation of Tver to Moscow. 1497 - Compilation of the "Code of Law" by Ivan III. Establishment of uniform norms of criminal responsibility and judicial procedural norms for the whole country, restriction of the right of peasant transfer from one feudal lord to another - a week before and a week after November 26 (St. George's day of autumn). Late 15th - early 16th century - Completion of the process of folding the Russian centralized state. 1503 - The controversy between Nil Sorsky (the leader of the non-possessors who preached the refusal of the church from all property) and the hegumen Joseph Volotsky (the leader of the acquisitives, a supporter of the preservation of church land tenure). Condemnation of the views of non-possessors at the Church Council. 1503 - Annexation of the Southwestern Russian lands to Moscow. 1505-1533 - The reign of Vasily III. 1510 - Pskov annexed to Moscow. 1514 - Annexation of Smolensk to Moscow. 1521 - The annexation of Ryazan to Moscow. 1533-1584 - Board of the Grand Duke Ivan IV the Terrible. 1547 - The wedding of Ivan IV the Terrible to the kingdom. 1549 - The beginning of the convocation of Zemsky Sobors. 1550 - Adoption of the "Code of Law" by Ivan IV the Terrible. 1551 - "The Hundred-Glavy Cathedral" of the Russian Orthodox Church. 1552 - The annexation of Kazan to Moscow. 1555-1560 - Construction of the Intercession Cathedral in Moscow (St. Basil's Cathedral). 1556 - Annexation of Astrakhan to Moscow. 1556 - Adoption of the "Code of Service". 1558-1583 - Livonian War. 1561 - The defeat of the Livonian Order. 1564 - The beginning of book printing in Russia. The publication by Ivan Fedorov of "The Apostle" - the first printed book with a fixed date. 1565-1572 - Oprichnina of Ivan IV the Terrible. 1569 - Conclusion of the Union of Lublin on the unification of Poland with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania into one state - Rzeczpospolita. 1581 - The first mention of the "reserved years". 1581 - Ermak's campaign to Siberia. 1582 - Signing of the Pits of the Zapolsk truce between Russia and the Commonwealth. 1583 - Conclusion of the Plyussky truce with Sweden. 1584-1598 - The reign of Fyodor Ioannovich. 1589 - Establishment of the Patriarchate in Russia. Patriarch Job. 1597 - Decree on the "class years" (a five-year period for the search for fugitive peasants). 1598-1605 - Board of Boris Godunov. 1603 - The uprising of peasants and slaves led by Cotton. 1605-1606 - Board of False Dmitry I. 1606-1607 - The uprising of the peasants led by Ivan Bolotnikov. 1606-1610 - The reign of Tsar Vasily Shuisky. 1607-1610 - An attempt by False Dmitry II to seize power in Russia. The existence of the "Tushino camp". 1609-1611 - Defense of Smolensk. 1610-1613 - "Seven Boyarshina". 1611, March - June. - The first militia against Polish troops led by P. Lyapunov. 1612 - The second militia led by D. Pozharsky and K. Minin. 1612, October 26. - Liberation of Moscow from the Polish invaders by the Second Militia. 1613 - Election of Mikhail Romanov to the kingdom by the Zemsky Sobor. The beginning of the Romanov dynasty. 1613-1645 - The reign of Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov. 1617 - The conclusion of the Stolbovsky "eternal peace" with Sweden. 1618 - Deulinskoe truce with Poland. 1632-1634 - Smolensk war between Russia and the Commonwealth.

Russia in the XVII-XVIII centuries.

1645-1676 - The reign of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. 1648 - Expedition of Semyon Dezhnev along the Kolyma River and the Arctic Ocean. 1648 - The beginning of the uprising of Bohdan Khmelnitsky in Ukraine. 1648 - "Salt Riot" in Moscow. 1648-1650 - Uprising in various cities of Russia. 1649 - Adoption by the Zemsky Sobor of a new set of laws - "Cathedral Code" of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. The final enslavement of the peasants. OK. 1653-1656 - Reform of Patriarch Nikon. The beginning of the church schism. 1654, January 8. - Pereyaslavskaya glad. Reunification of Ukraine with Russia. 1654-1667 - The war between Russia and the Commonwealth for Ukraine. 1662 - "Copper revolt" in Moscow. 1667 - The conclusion of the Andrusov armistice between Russia and the Commonwealth. 1667 - Introduction of the New Trade Charter. 1667-1671 - Peasant war led by Stepan Razin. 1672, May 30. - Birth of Peter I. 1676-1682 - Board of Fyodor Alekseevich. 1682 - Abolition of parochialism. 1682, 1698 - Shooting uprisings in Moscow. 1682-1725 - The reign of Peter I (1682-1689 - under the regency of Sophia, until 1696 - together with Ivan V). 1686 - "Eternal Peace" with Poland. 1687 - Opening of the Slavic Greco-Latin Academy. 1695, 1696 - Campaigns of Peter I to Azov. 1697-1698 - "The Great Embassy". 1700-1721 - North War. 1703, May 16. - Foundation of St. Petersburg. 1707-1708 - Peasant uprising led by K. Bulavin. 1708, September 28. - Battle of the village of Lesnoy. 1709, June 27. - Battle of Poltava. 1710-1711 - Prut hike. 1711 - Establishment of the Senate. 1711-1765 - Life and work of M. V. Lomonosov. 1714 - Decree on single inheritance (canceled in 1731). 1714, July 27. - Battle of Cape Gangut. 1718-1721 - Establishment of colleges. 1720 - Battle of Grengam Island. 1721 - Peace of Nystadt with Sweden. 1721 - The proclamation of Peter I as emperor. Russia has become an empire. 1722 - Adoption of the "Table of Ranks". 1722 - Signing of the decree on the succession to the throne. 1722-1723 - The Caspian campaign. 1725 - Opening of the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg. 1725-1727 - Board of Catherine I. 1727–1730 - The reign of Peter II. 1730-1740 - Board of Anna Ioannovna. "Bironovschina". 1741-1761 - Board of Elizabeth Petrovna. 1755, January 25. - Opening of Moscow University. 1756-1763 - Seven Years War. 1757 - Foundation of the Academy of Arts in St. Petersburg. 1761-1762 - The reign of Peter III. 1762 - "Manifesto on the freedom of the nobility." 1762-1796 - The reign of Catherine II. 1768-1774 - Russian-Turkish war. 1770 - Victory of the Russian fleet over the Turkish in the battle of Chesme and the Russian ground forces over the Turkish army in the battles near the Larga and Cahul rivers. 1774 - The conclusion of the Kyuchuk Kainardzhiyskiy peace following the results of the Russian-Turkish war. The Crimean Khanate passed under the protectorate of Russia. Russia received the territory of the Black Sea region between the Dnieper and the Southern Bug, the fortresses of Azov, Kerch, Kinburn, the right of free passage of Russian merchant ships through the Black Sea straits. 1772, 1793, 1795 - Partitions of Poland between Prussia, Austria and Russia. The territories of the Right-Bank Ukraine, Belarus, part of the Baltic States and Poland were ceded to Russia. 1772-1839 - Life and work of M. M. Speransky. 1773-1775 - Peasant war led by Yemelyan Pugachev. 1775 - Carrying out the provincial reform in the Russian Empire. 1782 - Opening of the monument to Peter I "The Bronze Horseman" (E. Falconet). 1783 - Crimea joins the Russian Empire. Georgievsky treatise. Transition of Eastern Georgia under the protectorate of Russia. 1785 - Publication of letters of gratitude to the nobility and cities. 1787-1791 - Russian Turkish War. 1789 - Victories of the Russian troops under the command of A. V. Suvorov at Foksani and Rymnik. 1790 - Victory of the Russian fleet over the Turkish in the battle at Cape Kaliakria. 1790 - Publication of the book by A. N. Radishchev "Travel from St. Petersburg to Moscow". 1790 - The capture of the Turkish fortress Izmail on the Danube by the Russian troops under the command of A. V. Suvorov. 1791 - Conclusion of the Yassy Peace Treaty following the results of the Russian-Turkish War. The annexation of Crimea and Kuban to Russia, the Black Sea area between the Southern Bug and the Dniester was confirmed. 1794 - The uprising in Poland led by Tadeusz Kosciuszko. 1796-1801 - The reign of Paul I. 1797 - Cancellation of the order of succession to the throne established by Peter I. Restoration of the order of succession to the throne by birthright in the male line. 1797 - Publication by Paul I of the manifesto on the three-day corvee. 1799 - the Italian and Swiss campaigns of A. V. Suvorov.

Russia in the XIX century.

1801-1825 - Board of Alexander I. 1802 - Establishment of ministries instead of collegia. 1803 - Decree on "free farmers". 1803 - Adoption of a charter introducing the autonomy of universities. 1803-1804 - The first Russian round-the-world expedition led by I.F.Kruzenshtern and Yu.F. Lisyansky. 1804-1813 - Russian-Iranian war. It ended with the Peace of Gulistan. 1805-1807 - Russia's participation in the III and IV anti-Napoleonic coalitions. 1805, December. - The defeat of the Russian and Austrian troops in the battle of Austerlitz. 1806-1812 - Russian Turkish War. 1807 - The defeat of the Russian army at Friedland. 1807 - The conclusion of the Peace of Tilsit between Alexander I and Napoleon Bonaparte (Russia's accession to the continental blockade of England, Russia's consent to the creation of a vassal France of the Duchy of Warsaw). 1808-1809 - Russian-Swedish war. Accession of Finland to the Russian Empire. 1810 - Creation of the State Council on the initiative of M. M. Speransky. 1812, June - December. - Patriotic War with Napoleon. 1812 - The conclusion of the Bucharest peace following the results of the Russian-Turkish war. 1812, August 26. - Battle of Borodino. 1813-1814 - Foreign campaigns of the Russian army. 1813 - "Battle of the Nations" at Leipzig. 1813 - The conclusion of the Gulistan peace following the results of the Russian-Iranian war. 1814-1815 - Vienna Congress of European States. Solving the issues of the structure of Europe after the Napoleonic wars. Accession to Russia of the Duchy of Warsaw (Kingdom of Poland). 1815 - Creation of the "Sacred Union". 1815 - Alexander I bestowed the Kingdom of Poland on the Constitution. 1816 - Beginning of the mass creation of military settlements at the initiative of A. A. Arakcheev. 1816-1817 - Activities of the "Union of Salvation". 1817-1864 - Caucasian War. 1818-1821 - Activities of the Union of Welfare. 1820 - Discovery of Antarctica by Russian mariners under the command of F. F. Bellingshausen and M. P. Lazarev. 1821-1822 - Formation of the Northern and Southern Societies of the Decembrists. 1821-1881 - Life and work of F. M. Dostoevsky. 1825, December 14. - The uprising of the Decembrists on the Senate Square in St. Petersburg. 1825 December 29 - 1826 January 3. - The uprising of the Chernigov regiment. 1825-1855 - Board of Nicholas I. 1826-1828 - Russian-Iranian war. 1828 - The conclusion of the Turkmanchay peace following the results of the Russian-Iranian war. The death of A.S. Griboyedov. 1828-1829 - Russian-Turkish war. 1829 - Conclusion of the Adrianople peace following the results of the Russian-Turkish war. 1831-1839 - Activities of the circle of N. V. Stankevich. 1837 - Opening of the first railway St. Petersburg - Tsarskoe Selo. 1837-1841 - Carrying out by PD Kiselev of the reform of the management of state peasants. 1840-1850s - Disputes between Slavophiles and Westernizers. 1839-1843 - Monetary reform by E. F. Kankrin. 1840-1893 - Life and work of PI Tchaikovsky. 1844-1849 - Activities of the circle of M.V. Butashevich-Petrashevsky. 1851 - Opening of the Moscow - St. Petersburg railway. 1853-1856 - Crimean War. 1853, November. - Battle of Sinop. 1855-1881 - The reign of Alexander II. 1856 - Congress of Paris. 1856 - P.M. Tretyakov founded a collection of Russian art in Moscow. 1858, 1860 - Aigun and Beijing treaties with China. 1861, February 19. - Abolition of serfdom in Russia. 1861-1864 - Activities of the organization "Land and Freedom". 1862 - Formation of the "Mighty Handful" - an association of composers (M. A. Balakirev, C. A. Cui, M. P. Mussorgsky, N. A. Rimsky Korsakov, A. P. Borodin). 1864 - Zemskaya, judicial and school reforms. 1864-1885 - Accession of Central Asia to the Russian Empire. 1867 - Sale of Alaska to the USA. 1869 - Discovery of the Periodic Law of Chemical Elements by D. I. Mendeleev. 1870 - Reform of city government. 1870-1923 - Activities of the "Association of Traveling Art Exhibitions". 1873 - Creation of the "Union of Three Emperors". 1874 - Carrying out military reform - the introduction of universal conscription. 1874, 1876 - Implementation of "going to the people" by the populists. 1876-1879 - Activities of the new organization "Land and Freedom". 1877-1878 - Russian-Turkish war. 1878 - Treaty of San Stefano. 1878 Berlin Congress. 1879 - Split of the organization "Land and Freedom". The emergence of the "Narodnaya Volya" and "Black Redistribution" organizations. 1879-1881 - Activities of the "Narodnaya Volya" organization. 1879-1882 - Registration of the Triple Alliance. 1881, March 1. - Murder of Alexander II by the Narodnaya Volya. 1881-1894 - The reign of Alexander III. 1882 - Abolition of the temporarily liable position of the peasants. Transfer of peasants to a compulsory ransom. 1883-1903 - Activities of the Emancipation of Labor group. 1885 - Strike at the Nikolskaya manufactory of T. S. Morozov in Orekhovo Zuevo (Morozov strike). 1887 - Adoption of the circular "about the cook's children." 1889 - Adoption of the "Regulations on the zemstvo chiefs". 1891-1893 - Registration of the Franco Russian Union. 1891-1905 - Construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway. 1892 - P.M. Tretyakov donated his collection of Russian art to the city of Moscow. 1894-1917 - The reign of Nicholas II. 1895 - Invention by A. Popov of radio communication. 1895 - Creation of the Union of Struggle for the Liberation of the Working Class. 1897 - The first general census of the population of Russia. 1897 - Monetary reform of S. Yu. Witte. 1898 - I Congress of the RSDLP. 1899 - The Hague Peace Conference of 26 Powers on Disarmament Problems, convened at the initiative of Russia.

Russia in the XX century.

1901-1902 - Creation of a party of socialist-revolutionaries (SRs) as a result of the unification of neo-people circles. 1903 - II Congress of the RSDLP. Party creation. 1903 - Creation of the "Union of Zemstvo Constitutionalists". 1904-1905 - Russian-Japanese war. 1904, August. - The battle near the city of Liaoyang. 1904, September. - Battle on the Shahe River. 1905, January 9. - "Bloody Sunday". The beginning of the first Russian revolution. 1905-1907 - The first Russian revolution. 1905 February. - The defeat of the Russian army near the city of Mukden. 1905, May. - The death of the Russian fleet near the island of Tsushima. 1905, June. - The uprising on the battleship "Prince Potemkin-Tavrichesky". 1905, August. - Conclusion of the Portsmouth Peace Treaty following the results of the Russo-Japanese War. Russia ceded to Japan the southern part of Sakhalin, lease rights to the Liaodong Peninsula and the South Manchurian Railway. 1905, October 17. - Publication of the Manifesto "On the improvement of the state order". 1905, November. - Creation of the "Union of the Russian people". 1905, December. - An armed uprising in Moscow and a number of other cities. 1906, April - July. - Activities of the First State Duma. 1906, November 9. - Decree on the withdrawal of peasants from the community. The beginning of the Stolypin agrarian reform. 1907, February - June. - Activities of the II State Duma. 1907, June 3. - Dissolution of the II State Duma. Adoption of a new electoral law (third June coup). 1907-1912 - Activities of the III State Duma. 1907, August - Russian-British agreement on the delimitation of zones of influence in Iran, Afghanistan and Tibet. Final registration of the "Entente" union. 1912 - Lena execution. 1912-1917 - Activities of the IV State Duma. 1914, 1 August - 1918, 9 November. - World War I. 1915, August. - Creation of the Progressive block. 1916, May. - "Brusilov Breakthrough". 1917, February. - February bourgeois democratic revolution in Russia. 1917, March 2. - Abdication of Nicholas II from the throne. Formation of the Provisional Government. 1917, May. - Formation of the 1st coalition Provisional Government. 1917, June. - Activities of the I All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers 'and Soldiers' Deputies. 1917, July. - Formation of the 2nd Coalition Provisional Government. 1917, August. - Kornilov revolt. 1917, September 1. - The proclamation of Russia as a republic. 1917, October 24-26. - Armed uprising in Petrograd. Overthrow of the Provisional Government. II All-Russian Congress of Soviets (Proclamation of Russia as a Republic of Soviets.). Adoption of decrees on peace and land. 1918, January. - Convocation and dissolution of the Constituent Assembly. 1918, March 3. - The conclusion of the Brest Peace between Soviet Russia and Germany. Russia lost Poland, Lithuania, part of Latvia, Finland, Ukraine, part of Belarus, Kars, Ardahan and Batum. The treaty was canceled in November 1918 after the revolution in Germany. 1918-1920 - Civil war in Russia. 1918 - Adoption of the Constitution of the RSFSR. 1918-1921, March. - Carrying out the policy of "war communism" by the Soviet government. 1918, July - Shooting of the royal family in Yekaterinburg. 1920-1921 - Anti-Bolshevik uprisings of peasants in the Tambov and Voronezh regions ("Antonovshchina"), Ukraine, the Volga region, Western Siberia. 1921, March - Conclusion of the Riga Peace Treaty of the RSFSR with Poland. The territories of Western Ukraine and Western Belarus retreated to Poland. 1921, February - March. - The uprising of sailors and soldiers in Kronstadt against the policy of "war communism". 1921, March. - X Congress of the RCP (b). The transition to NEP. 1922 - Genoa Conference. 1922, December 30. - Formation of the USSR. 1924 - Adoption of the Constitution of the USSR. 1925, December - XIV Congress of the CPSU (b). Proclamation of a course for the industrialization of the country. Defeat of the "Trotskyist Zinoviev opposition". 1927, December - XV Congress of the CPSU (b). Proclamation of a course towards collectivization of agriculture. 1928-1932 - The first five-year plan for the development of the national economy of the USSR. 1929 - The beginning of complete collectivization. 1930 - Completion of the construction of Turksib. 1933-1937 - The second five-year plan for the development of the national economy of the USSR. 1934 - Admission of the USSR to the League of Nations. 1934, December 1. - The murder of S. M. Kirov. The beginning of massive repressions. 1936 - Adoption of the Constitution of the USSR (“victorious socialism”). 1939, August 23. - Signing a non-aggression pact with Germany. 1939 September 1 - 1945 September 2. - The Second World War. 1939 November - 1940 March. - Soviet-Finnish war. 1941, June 22 - 1945, May 9. - The Great Patriotic War. 1941, July - September. - Battle of Smolensk. 1941, December 5–6 - Counteroffensive of the Red Army near Moscow. 1942 November 19 - 1943 February 2. - The counteroffensive of the Red Army at Stalingrad. The beginning of a radical change in the course of the Great Patriotic War. 1943, July - August. - Battle of Kursk. 1943, September - December. - Battle for the Dnieper. Liberation of Kiev. Completion of a radical change in the course of the Great Patriotic War. 1943, November 28 - December 1. - Tehran Conference of the Heads of Government of the USSR, USA and Great Britain. 1944, January. - The final elimination of the blockade of Leningrad. 1944, January - February. - Korsun Shevchenko operation. 1944, June - August - Operation for the liberation of Belarus ("Bagration"). 1944, July - August - Lviv Sandomierz operation. 1944, August - Jassy Chisinau operation. 1945, January - February - Vistula - Oder operation. 1945, February 4-11 - Crimean (Yalta) Conference of the Heads of Government of the USSR, USA and Great Britain. 1945, April - May - Berlin operation. 1945, April 25 - Meeting on the river. Elbe near Torgau of the advanced Soviet and American troops. 1945 May 8 - The surrender of Germany. 1945, July 17 - August 2 - Berlin (Potsdam) Conference of the Heads of Government of the USSR, USA and Great Britain. 1945 August - September - The defeat of Japan. The signing of the unconditional surrender of the Japanese armed forces. End of World War II. 1946 - The Cold War begins. 1948 - The severance of diplomatic relations with Yugoslavia. 1949 - Start of a campaign to combat "cosmopolitanism". 1949 - Creation of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA). 1949 - Creation of nuclear weapons in the USSR. 1953, March 5. - Death of I. S. Stalin. 1953, August. - Report on the test in the USSR of a hydrogen bomb. 1953 September - 1964 October. - Election of NS Khrushchev as First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee. Displaced in October 1964 1954 - The Obninsk NPP was put into operation. 1955 - Formation of the Warsaw Pact Organization (ATS). 1956, February. - XX Congress of the CPSU. Report by NS Khrushchev "On the personality cult and its consequences." 1956, October - November. - The uprising in Hungary; suppressed by Soviet troops. 1957, October 4. - Launch of the world's first artificial Earth satellite in the USSR. 1961, April 12. - Flight of Yu. A. Gagarin into space. 1961, October. - XXII Congress of the CPSU. Adoption of a new Party Program - the program of building communism. 1962 - Cuban Missile Crisis. 1962, June. - A strike at the Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Plant; shooting of a demonstration of workers. 1963, August. - The signing in Moscow of an agreement between the USSR, the United States and Britain on the prohibition of nuclear weapons tests in the atmosphere, under water and outer space. 1965 - The beginning of the economic reform of A.N. Kosygin. 1968 - The introduction of troops of the countries participating in the Warsaw Pact in Czechoslovakia. 1972, May. - Signing of the Treaty on the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (SALT 1) between the USSR and the USA. 1975 - Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (Helsinki). 1979 - Signing of the Treaty on the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (SALT 2) between the USSR and the USA. 1979-1989 - "Undeclared War" in Afghanistan. 1980, July - August. - Olympic Games in Moscow. 1985, March. - Election of M. S. Gorbachev as General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU. 1986, April 26. - The Chernobyl accident. 1987 - The USSR and the USA signed an agreement on the elimination of intermediate and shorter-range missiles. 1988 - ХIX party conference. Proclamation of a course for the reform of the political system. 1989, May - June. - The First Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR. 1990, March. - Election at the Third Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR Mikhail Gorbachev President of the USSR. Exclusion from the Constitution of the 6th article. 1990, June 12 - The Declaration on State Sovereignty of the RSFSR was adopted. 1991 June 12. - Election of Boris N. Yeltsin President of the RSFSR. 1991, July. - Signing of the treaty between the USSR and the USA on the reduction and limitation of strategic offensive arms (START 1). 1991, August 19-21. - Attempted coup d'état (GKChP). 1991, December 8. - Belovezhskaya agreement on the dissolution of the USSR and the creation of the CIS. 1991, December 25. - The resignation of M.S.Gorbachev's powers of the President of the USSR. 1992 - The beginning of the radical economic reform of E. T. Gaidar. 1993, January. - Signing of the treaty between Russia and the United States on the reduction of strategic offensive arms (START 2). 1993, 3-4 October. - Armed clashes between supporters of the Supreme Soviet with government troops in Moscow. 1993, December 12. - Elections to the Federal Assembly - the State Duma and the Federation Council and a referendum on the draft Constitution of the Russian Federation. 1994 - Russia's accession to the NATO Partnership for Peace program. 1994, December. - The beginning of large-scale actions against the Chechen separatists. 1996 - Russia's accession to the Council of Europe. 1996, July. - Election of Boris N. Yeltsin as President of the Russian Federation (for a second term). 1997 - Creation on the initiative of D. S. Likhachev of the state television channel "Culture". 1998, August. - Financial crisis in Russia (default). 1999, September. - The beginning of the anti-terrorist operation in Chechnya. 2000, March. - Election of V.V. Putin as President of the Russian Federation. 2000 - Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics to Zh. I. Alferov for fundamental research in the field of information and telecommunication technologies. 2002 - Treaty between Russia and the United States on the mutual reduction of nuclear warheads. 2003 - Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics to A. A. Abrikosov and V. L. Ginzburg for their work in the field of quantum physics, in particular, for studies of superconductivity and superfluidity. 2004, March. - Election of V.V. Putin President of the Russian Federation (for a second term). 2005 - Creation of the Public Chamber. 2006 - Launch of a program of national projects in agriculture, housing, health and education. 2008, March - D. A. Medvedev was elected President of the Russian Federation. 2008, August - The invasion of the Georgian troops into South Ossetia. The Russian army is conducting an operation to force Georgia to peace. Russia's recognition of the independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. 2008, November - Adoption of the law on increasing the term of office of the State Duma and the President of the Russian Federation (5 and 6 years, respectively).

IV century AD - Formation of the first tribal union of the Eastern Slavs (Volhynians and Buzhanians).
V century - Formation of the second tribal union of the Eastern Slavs (glades) in the middle Dnieper basin.
VI century - The first written news about "Rus" and "Rus". The conquest of the Slavic tribe of Dulebs by the Avars (558).
VII century - Resettlement of Slavic tribes in the basins of the upper Dnieper, Western Dvina, Volkhov, Upper Volga, etc.
VIII century - The beginning of the expansion of the Khazar Kaganate to the north, the imposition of tribute on the Slavic tribes of the Polyans, Northerners, Vyatichi, Radimichi.

Kievan Rus

838 - The first known embassy of the "Russian kagan" to Constantinople ..
860 - Hike of the Rus (Askold?) To Byzantium ..
862 - Formation of the Russian state with the capital in Novgorod. The first mention of Murom in the annals.
862-879 - The reign of Prince Rurik (879+) in Novgorod.
865 - The capture of Kiev by the Vikings Askold and Dir.
OK. 863 - Creation of the Slavic alphabet by Cyril and Methodius in Moravia.
866 - Hike of the Slavs to Constantinople (Constantinople).
879-912 - The reign of Prince Oleg (912+).
882 - The unification of Novgorod and Kiev under the rule of Prince Oleg. Transfer of the capital from Novgorod to Kiev.
883-885 - Submission by Prince Oleg of the Krivichi, Drevlyans, Northerners and Radimichs. Territory formation Kievan Rus.
907 - Hike of Prince Oleg to Constantinople. The first treaty between Russia and Byzantium.
911 - The conclusion of the second treaty between Russia and Byzantium.
912-946 - The reign of Prince Igor (946x).
913 - Uprising in the land of the Drevlyans.
913-914 - Campaigns of the Rus against the Khazars along the Caspian coast of the Caucasus.
915 - Agreement between Prince Igor and the Pechenegs.
941 - 1st campaign of Prince Igor against Constantinople.
943-944 - 2nd campaign of Prince Igor against Constantinople. Prince Igor's treaty with Byzantium.
944-945 - Hike of the Rus to the Caspian coast of the Transcaucasus.
946-957 - Simultaneous reign of Princess Olga and Prince Svyatoslav.
OK. 957 - Olga's trip to Constantinople and her baptism.
957-972 - The reign of Prince Svyatoslav (972x).
964-966 - Campaigns of Prince Svyatoslav to Volga Bulgaria, Khazars, tribes of the North Caucasus and Vyatichi. Defeat of the Khazar Kaganate in the lower reaches of the Volga. Establishing control over the Volga-Caspian Sea trade route.
968-971 - Campaigns of Prince Svyatoslav to Danube Bulgaria. The defeat of the Bulgarians at the Battle of Dorostol (970). Wars with the Pechenegs.
969 - Death of Princess Olga.
971 - Treaty of Prince Svyatoslav with Byzantium.
972-980 - The reign of the Grand Duke Yaropolk (980x).
977-980 - Internecine wars for the possession of Kiev between Yaropolk and Vladimir.
980-1015 - The reign of the Grand Duke Vladimir the Holy (1015+).
980 - Pagan reform of the Grand Duke Vladimir. An attempt to create a single cult uniting the gods of various tribes.
985 - Hike of the Grand Duke Vladimir with the allied torcs to the Volga Bulgars.
988 - Baptism of Rus. The first evidence in the assertion of the power of the Kiev princes on the banks of the Oka.
994-997 - Campaigns of the Grand Duke Vladimir to the Volga Bulgars.
1010 - Foundation of the city of Yaroslavl.
1015-1019 - The reign of the Grand Duke Svyatopolk the Damned. Wars for the Grand Duke's throne.
beginning of the XI century. - the resettlement of the Polovtsians between the Volga and the Dnieper.
1015 - The assassination of princes Boris and Gleb by order of the Grand Duke Svyatopolk.
1016 - The defeat of the Khazars by Byzantium with the help of Prince Mstislav Vladimirovich. Suppression of the uprising in the Crimea.
1019 - Defeat of the Grand Duke Svyatopolk the Damned in the fight against Prince Yaroslav.
1019-1054 - Board of the Grand Duke Yaroslav the Wise (1054+).
1022 - Victory of Mstislav the Brave over Kasogs (Circassians).
1023-1025 - War of Mstislav the Brave and Grand Duke Yaroslav for the great reign. Victory of Mstislav the Brave in the Battle of Listven (1024).
1025 - Division of Kievan Rus between princes Yaroslav and Mstislav (border along the Dnieper).
1026 - Conquest by Yaroslav the Wise of the Baltic tribes of the Livs and Chudi.
1030 - Foundation of the city of Yuryev (modern Tartu) in the Chud land.
1030-1035 - Construction of the Transfiguration Cathedral in Chernigov.
1036 - Death of Prince Mstislav the Brave. Unification of Kievan Rus under the rule of Grand Duke Yaroslav.
1037 - The defeat of the Pechenegs by Prince Yaroslav and the laying of the St. Sophia Cathedral in Kiev in honor of this event (completed in 1041).
1038 - Victory of Yaroslav the Wise against the Yatvyags (Lithuanian tribe).
1040 - War between the Russians and the Lithuanians.
1041 - Hike of the Rus to the Finnish Yam tribe.
1043 - The campaign of the Novgorod prince Vladimir Yaroslavich to Constantinople (the last campaign to Byzantium).
1045-1050 - Construction of the St. Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod.
1051 - Foundation of the male Kiev-Pechersk monastery. Appointment of the first metropolitan (Hilarion) of the Russians, appointed to office without the consent of Constantinople.
1054-1078 - The reign of the Grand Duke Izyaslav Yaroslavich (The actual triumvirate of the princes Izyaslav, Svyatoslav Yaroslavich and Vsevolod Yaroslavich. "The Truth of the Yaroslavichs." Weakening of the supreme power of the Kiev prince.
1055 - The first news of the chronicle about the appearance of the Polovtsians at the borders of the Pereyaslavl principality.
1056-1057 - Creation of the "Ostromir Gospel" - the oldest dated Russian manuscript book.
1061 - Polovtsian raid on Russia.
1066 - The raid on Novgorod by the Polotsk prince Vseslav. The defeat and seizure of Vseslav by the Grand Duke Izslav.
1068 - A new Polovtsian raid on Russia led by Khan Sharukan. Campaign of the Yaroslavichs against the Polovtsians and their defeat on the Alta river. The uprising of the townspeople in Kiev, the flight of Izyaslav to Poland.
1068-1069 - Great reign of Prince Vseslav (about 7 months).
1069 - Return of Izyaslav to Kiev together with the Polish king Boleslav II.
1078 - The death of the Grand Duke Izyaslav in the battle at Nezhatina Niva with the outcasts Boris Vyacheslavich and Oleg Svyatoslavich.
1078-1093 - Board of the Grand Duke Vsevolod Yaroslavich. Land redistribution (1078).
1093-1113 - Board of the Grand Duke Svyatopolk II Izyaslavich.
1093-1095 - The war between the Russians and the Polovtsy. The defeat of the princes Svyatopolk and Vladimir Monomakh in the battle with the Polovtsy on the river Stugna (1093).
1095-1096 - The internecine struggle of Prince Vladimir Monomakh and his sons with Prince Oleg Svyatoslavich and his brothers for the Rostov-Suzdal, Chernigov and Smolensk principalities.
1097 - Lyubech Congress of Princes. Securing the principalities to the princes on the basis of patrimonial rights. Fragmentation of the state into specific principalities. Separation of the Murom principality from Chernigov.
1100 - Vitichevsky Congress of Princes.
1103 - Dolobsky congress of princes before the campaign against the Polovtsians. Successful campaign of princes Svyatopolk Izyaslavich and Vladimir Monomakh against the Polovtsians.
1107 - The capture of Suzdal by the Volga Bulgars.
1108 - The foundation of Vladimir on the Klyazma as a fortress to protect the Suzdal principality from Chernigov princes.
1111 - The campaign of the Russian princes against the Polovtsians. Defeat of the Polovtsians at Salnitsa.
1113 - The first edition of the "Tale of Bygone Years" (Nestor). The uprising in Kiev of dependent (enslaving) people against the princely power and merchants-usurers. The charter of Vladimir Vsevolodovich.
1113-1125 - Board of the Grand Duke Vladimir Monomakh. Temporary strengthening of the power of the Grand Duke. Drawing up "Charters of Vladimir Monomakh" (legal registration of court law, regulation of rights in other areas of life).
1116 - The second edition of the "Tale of Bygone Years" (Sylvester). Victory of Vladimir Monomakh over the Polovtsians.
1118 - The conquest of Minsk by Vladimir Monomakh.
1125-1132 - Board of the Grand Duke Mstislav I the Great.
1125-1157 - The reign of Yuri Vladimirovich Dolgoruky in the Rostov-Suzdal principality.
1126 - The first election of a mayor in Novgorod.
1127 - Final division of the Polotsk principality into appanages.
1127 -1159 - The reign of Rostislav Mstislavich in Smolensk. The heyday of the Smolensk principality.
1128 - Famine in Novgorod, Pskov, Suzdal, Smolensk and Polotsk lands.
1129 - Separation of the Ryazan principality from the Murom-Ryazan principality.
1130 -1131 - Campaigns of the Russians to the Chud, the beginning of successful campaigns to Lithuania. Clashes between the Muromo-Ryazan princes and the Polovtsians.
1132-1139 - Board of the Grand Duke Yaropolk II Vladimirovich. The final decline of the power of the Kiev Grand Duke.
1135-1136 - Unrest in Novgorod, Charter of the Novgorod prince Vsevolod Mstislavovich on the management of traffickers, the expulsion of Prince Vsevolod Mstislavovich. Svyatoslav Olgovich's invitation to Novgorod. Strengthening the principle of inviting the prince to the vechem.
1137 - Separation of Pskov from Novgorod, formation of the Pskov principality.
1139 - 1st great reign of Vyacheslav Vladimirovich (8 days). Unrest in Kiev and its capture by Vsevolod Olegovich.
1139-1146 - Board of the Grand Duke Vsevolod II Olgovich.
1144 - Formation of the Galician principality by uniting several appanage principalities.
1146 - Board of the Grand Duke Igor Olgovich (six months). The beginning of the fierce struggle of the princely clans for the Kiev throne (Monomakhovichi, Olgovichi, Davydovichi) - continued until 1161.
1146-1154 - The reign of the Grand Duke Izyaslav III Mstislavich with interruptions: in 1149, 1150 - the reign of Yuri Dolgoruky; In 1150 - the 2nd great reign of Vyacheslav Vladimirovich (all - less than six months). Strengthening the internecine struggle between the Suzdal and Kiev princes.
1147 - The first chronicle mention of the city of Moscow.
1149 - The struggle of the Novgorodians with the Finns for Vod. Attempts of the Suzdal prince Yuri Dolgorukov to recapture the Yugra tribute from the Novgorodians.
Bookmark "St. George's in the Field" (Yuryev-Polsky).
1152 - Foundation of Pereyaslavl-Zalessky and Kostroma.
1154 - Foundation of the city of Dmitrov and the village of Bogolyubov.
1154-1155 - Board of the Grand Duke Rostislav Mstislavich.
1155 - 1st reign of Grand Duke Izyaslav Davydovich (about six months).
1155-1157 - Board of the Grand Duke Yuri Vladimirovich Dolgoruky.
1157-1159 - Parallel reign of Grand Duke Izyaslav Davydovich in Kiev and Andrey Yuryevich Bogolyubsky in Vladimir-Suzdal.
1159-1167 - Parallel reign of Grand Duke Rostislav Mstislavich in Kiev and Andrei Yuryevich Bogolyubsky in Vladimir-Suzdal.
1160 - Revolt of Novgorodians against Svyatoslav Rostislavovich.
1164 - Andrey Bogolyubsky's campaign against the Volga Bulgarians. The victory of the Novgorodians over the Swedes.
1167-1169 - Parallel reign of Grand Duke Mstislav II Izyaslavich in Kiev and Andrei Yuryevich Bogolyubsky in Vladimir.
1169 - The capture of Kiev by the troops of the Grand Duke Andrey Yuryevich Bogolyubsky. Transfer of the capital of Russia from Kiev to Vladimir. Rise of Vladimir Rus.

Rus Vladimir

1169-1174 - Board of the Grand Duke Andrey Yuryevich Bogolyubsky. Transfer of the capital of Russia from Kiev to Vladimir.
1174 - Murder of Andrey Bogolyubsky. The first mention of the name "nobles" in the chronicle.
1174-1176 - Board of the Grand Duke Mikhail Yurievich. Civil strife and uprisings in the Vladimir-Suzdal principality.
1176-1212 - The reign of the Grand Duke Vsevolod the Big Nest. The heyday of Vladimir-Suzdal Rus.
1176 - War of the Rus with the Volga-Kama Bulgaria. Collision of the Rus with the Estonians.
1180 - The beginning of civil strife and the collapse of the Smolensk principality. Civil strife between the Chernigov and Ryazan princes.
1183-1184 - Great campaign of the Vladimir-Suzdal princes led by Vsevolod Big nest on the Volga Bulgars. Successful campaign of the princes of Southern Russia against the Polovtsians.
1185 - Unsuccessful campaign of Prince Igor Svyatoslavich against the Polovtsians.
1186-1187 - Internecine struggle between the Ryazan princes.
1188 - Attack of Novgorodians on German merchants in Novotorzhka.
1189-1192 - 3rd Crusade
1191 - Hikes of Novgorodians to the pit with a coreloi.
1193 - Unsuccessful campaign of Novgorodians against Ugra.
1195 - The first known trade agreement between Novgorod and German cities.
1196 - Recognition of Novgorodian liberties by the princes. Vsevolod's hike Big Nest to Chernihiv.
1198 - The conquest of the Udmurts by the Novgorodians. The Teutonic Order of the Crusaders is relocated from Palestine to the Baltic States. Pope Celestine III proclaims the Northern Crusade.
1199 - Formation of the Galicia-Volyn principality by uniting the Galicia and Volyn principalities. Rise of Roman Mstislavich the Great. Foundation of the Riga fortress by Bishop Albrecht. Establishment of the Order of the Swordsmen for the Christianization of Livonia (modern Latvia and Estonia)
1202-1224 - The seizure of the Russian possessions in the Baltic states by the Order of the Swordsmen. The struggle of the Order with Novgorod, Pskov and Polotsk for Livonia.
1207 - Separation of the Rostov principality from the Vladimir principality. The unsuccessful defense of the Kukonas fortress in the middle reaches of the Western Dvina by Prince Vyacheslav Borisovich ("Vyachko"), the grandson of Prince Davyd Rostislavich of Smolensk.
1209 - The first mention of Tver in the annals (according to V.N. Tatishchev, the city of Tver was founded in 1181).
1212-1216 - 1st reign of Grand Duke Yuri Vsevolodovich. Internecine struggle with brother Konstantin Rostovsky. The defeat of Yuri Vsevolodovich in the battle on the Lipitsa river near the town of Yuryev-Polsky.
1216-1218 - Board of the Grand Duke Konstantin Vsevolodovich of Rostov.
1218-1238 - 2nd reign of Grand Duke Yuri Vsevolodovich (1238x) 1219 - foundation of the city of Revel (Kolyvan, Tallinn)
1220-1221 - The campaign of the Grand Duke Yuri Vsevolodovich to the Volga Bulgaria, the seizure of lands in the lower reaches of the Oka. Founding of Nizhny Novgorod (1221) in the land of the Mordovians as an outpost against the Volga Bulgaria. 1219-1221 - the capture of the states of Central Asia by Genghis Khan
1221 - Campaign of Yuri Vsevolodovich against the crusaders, unsuccessful siege of the Riga fortress.
1223 - Defeat of the coalition of the Polovtsians and Russian princes in the battle with the Mongols on the Kalka River. Yuri Vsevolodovich's campaign against the crusaders.
1224 - The capture by the knights-sword-bearers of Yuriev (Dorpat, present-day Tartu) - the main Russian fortress in the Baltic States.
1227 - The campaign led. Prince Yuri Vsevolodovich and other princes to the Mordovians. Death of Genghis Khan, the proclamation of the great khan of the Mongol-Tatars Batu.
1232 - Hike of the Suzdal, Ryazan and Murom princes to the Mordovians.
1233 - An attempt of the knights-sword-bearers to take the fortress of Izborsk.
1234 - The victory of the Novgorod prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich over the Germans at Yuryev and the conclusion of peace with them. Suspension of the advance of the sword-bearers to the east.
1236-1249 - The reign of Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky in Novgorod.
1236 - defeat by the great khan Baty of the Volga Bulgaria and the tribes of the Volga region.
1236 - the defeat of the troops of the Order of the Swordsmen by the Lithuanian prince Mindovg. Death of the Grand Master of the Order.
1237-1238 - Invasion of the Mongol-Tatars to North-Eastern Russia. The ruin of the Ryazan and Vladimir-Suzdal principalities.
1237 - the defeat of the troops of the Teutonic Order by Daniil Romanovich Galitsky. Merging of the remnants of the Order of the Swordsmen and the Teutonic Order. Formation of the Livonian Order.
1238 - The defeat of the troops of the princes of North-Eastern Russia in the battle on the river Sit (March 4, 1238). Death of Grand Duke Yuri Vsevolodovich. Separation of the Belozersk and Suzdal principalities from the Vladimir-Suzdal principality.
1238-1246 - Board of the Grand Duke Yaroslav II Vsevolodovich ..
1239 - Devastation by the Tatar-Mongol troops of the Mordovian lands, the Chernigov and Pereyaslavl principalities.
1240 - Invasion of the Mongol-Tatars to South Russia. The ruin of the city of Kiev (1240) and the Galicia-Volyn principality. The victory of the Novgorod prince Alexander Yaroslavich over the Swedish army in the battle on the Neva river ("Battle of the Neva") ..
1240-1241 - The invasion of the Teutonic knights into the lands of Pskov and Novgorod, the capture of Pskov, Izborsk, Luga;
Construction of the Koporye fortress (now the village of the Lomonosov district of the Leningrad region).
1241-1242 - The expulsion of the Teutonic knights by Alexander Nevsky, the liberation of Pskov and other cities. The invasion of the Mongol-Tatars to Eastern Europe. The defeat of the Hungarian troops on the river. Salt (11.04.1241), devastation of Poland, fall of Krakow.
1242 - Victory of Alexander Nevsky over the knights of the Teutonic Order in the battle at Lake Peipsi ("Battle on the Ice"). Conclusion of peace with Livonia on the condition of its renunciation of claims to Russian lands Defeat of the Mongol-Tatars from the Czechs in the battle of Olomouc. Completion of the "Great Western March".
1243 - Arrival of the Russian princes to the headquarters of Batu. Announcement of Prince Yaroslav II Vsevolodovich "the oldest" Formation of the "Golden Horde"
1245 - Battle of Yaroslavl (Galitsky) - the last battle of Daniel Romanovich Galitsky in the struggle for the possession of the Galician principality.
1246-1249 - Board of Grand Duke Svyatoslav III Vsevolodovich 1246 - Death of Great Khan Batu
1249-1252 - Board of the Grand Duke Andrei Yaroslavich.
1252 - The ruinous "Nevryuev army" to the Vladimir-Suzdal land.
1252-1263 - Board of the Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky. The campaign of Prince Alexander Nevsky at the head of the Novgorodians to Finland (1256).
1252-1263 - the reign of the first Lithuanian prince Mindovg Ringoldovich.
1254 - the foundation of the city of Saray - the capital of the "Golden Horde". The fight between Novgorod and Sweden for Southern Finland.
1257-1259 - The first Mongolian census of the population of Russia, the creation of a Basque system for collecting tribute. The uprising of the townspeople in Novgorod (1259) against the Tatar "clerks".
1261 - Institution Orthodox diocese in the city of Saray.
1262 - Uprising of the townspeople of Rostov, Suzdal, Vladimir and Yaroslavl against Muslim tax farmers, tribute collectors. Instruction of the collection of tribute to the Russian princes.
1263-1272 - Board of the Grand Duke Yaroslav III Yaroslavich.
1267 - Genoa received the khan's label for the possession of Kafa (Feodosia) in the Crimea. The beginning of the Genoese colonization of the coast of the Azov and Black Seas. The formation of colonies in Cafe, Matrega (Tmutarakan), Map (Anapa), Tanya (Azov).
1268 - Joint campaign of the Vladimir-Suzdal princes, Novgorodians and Pskovites to Livonia, their victory at Rakovor.
1269 - The siege of Pskov by the Livonians, the conclusion of peace with Livonia and the stabilization of the western border of Pskov and Novgorod.
1272-1276 - The reign of the Grand Duke Vasily Yaroslavich 1275 - the campaign of the Tatar-Mongol army to Lithuania
1272-1303 - The reign of Daniel Alexandrovich in Moscow. The founding of the Moscow dynasty of princes.
1276 Second Mongolian population census of Rus.
1276-1294 - Board of the Grand Duke Dmitry Alexandrovich Pereyaslavsky.
1288-1291 - struggle for the throne in the Golden Horde
1292 - The invasion of the Tatars led by Tudan (Deden).
1293-1323 - War of Novgorod with Sweden for the Karelian Isthmus.
1294-1304 - Board of the Grand Duke Andrei Alexandrovich Gorodetsky.
1299 - Transfer of the Metropolitan See from Kiev to Vladimir by Metropolitan Maxim.
1300-1301 - The construction of the Landskrona fortress on the Neva by the Swedes and its destruction by the Novgorodians led by the Grand Duke Andrei Alexandrovich Gorodetsky.
1300 - Victory of the Moscow prince Daniil Alexandrovich over Ryazan. Accession of Kolomna to Moscow.
1302 - Annexation of the Pereyaslavl principality to Moscow.
1303-1325 - The reign of Prince Yuri Daniilovich in Moscow. The conquest of the Mozhaisky appanage principality by Prince Yuri of Moscow (1303). The beginning of the struggle between Moscow and Tver.
1304-1319 - Board of the Grand Duke Mikhail II Yaroslavich of Tver (1319x). Construction (1310) of the Korela fortress (Kexholm, present-day Priozersk) by Novgorodians. The reign of the Grand Duke Gediminas in Lithuania. Accession to Lithuania of the Polotsk and Turovo-Pinsk principalities
1308-1326 - Peter - Metropolitan of All Russia.
1312-1340 - the reign of Khan Uzbek in the Golden Horde. Rise of the Golden Horde.
1319-1322 - Board of the Grand Duke Yuri Daniilovich of Moscow (1325x).
1322-1326 - Board of the Grand Duke Dmitry Mikhailovich Terrible Eyes (1326x).
1323 - Construction of the Russian fortress Oreshek at the head of the Neva river.
1324 - Hike of the Moscow prince Yuri Daniilovich with Novgorodians to the Northern Dvina and Ustyug.
1325 - The tragic death of Yuri Daniilovich of Moscow in the Golden Horde. Victory of Lithuanian troops over Kiev and Smolensk.
1326 - Transfer of the Metropolitan See from Vladimir to Moscow by Metropolitan Theognost.
1326-1328 - Board of the Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich of Tver (1339s).
1327 - Uprising in Tver against the Mongol-Tatars. The flight of Prince Alexander Mikhailovich from the punitive army of the Mongol-Tatars.

Rus Moscow

1328-1340 - Board of the Grand Duke Ivan I Danilovich Kalita. Transfer of the capital of Russia from Vladimir to Moscow.
The division by Khan Uzbek of the Vladimir principality between the Grand Duke Ivan Kalita and Prince Alexander Vasilyevich of Suzdal.
1331 - The unification of the Vladimir principality by the Grand Duke Ivan Kalita under his rule ..
1339 - The tragic death of Prince Alexander Mikhailovich of Tver in the Golden Horde. Construction of a wooden Kremlin in Moscow.
1340 - Foundation of the Trinity Monastery by Sergius of Radonezh (Trinity-Sergius Lavra) Death of Uzbek, Great Khan of the Golden Horde
1340-1353 - Board of the Grand Duke Simeon Ivanovich the Proud 1345-1377 - Board of the Grand Duke of Lithuania Olgerd Gediminovich. Accession of Kiev, Chernigov, Volyn and Podolsk lands to Lithuania.
1342 - Joining the Suzdal principality of Nizhny Novgorod, Unzhi and Gorodets. Formation of the Suzdal-Nizhny Novgorod principality.
1348-1349 - Crusades of the Swedish king Magnus I to the Novgorod lands and his defeat. Recognition of the independence of Pskov by Novgorod. Bolotov Treaty (1348).
1353-1359 - Board of the Grand Duke Ivan II Ivanovich the Meek.
1354-1378 - Alexey - Metropolitan of All Russia.
1355 - Partition of the Suzdal principality between Andrey (Nizhny Novgorod) and Dmitry (Suzdal) Konstantinovich.
1356 - submission by Olgerd to the Bryansk principality
1358-1386 - The reign of Svetoslav Ioannovich in Smolensk and his struggle with Lithuania.
1359-1363 - Board of the Grand Duke Dmitry Konstantinovich of Suzdal. The struggle for the great reign between Moscow and Suzdal.
1361 - seizure of power in the Golden Horde by temnik Mamai
1363-1389 - Board of the Grand Duke Dmitry Ivanovich Donskoy.
1363 - Olgerd's campaign to the Black Sea, his victory over the Tatars on the Blue Waters (a tributary of the Southern Bug), the subordination of the Kiev land and Podolia to Lithuania
1367 - Coming to power in Tver with the help of the Lithuanian army of Mikhail Alexandrovich Mikulinsky. Aggravation of relations between Moscow and Tver and Lithuania. Erection of the white-stone walls of the Kremlin.
1368 - Olgerd's first campaign against Moscow ("Lithuanian").
1370 - Olgerd's 2nd campaign to Moscow.
1375 - Dmitry Donskoy's campaign to Tver.
1377 - The defeat of the troops of Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod from the Tatar prince Arab-Shah (Arapsha) on the Pyane River Unification of Mamai uluses to the west of the Volga
1378 - Victory of the Moscow-Ryazan army over the Tatar army of Begich on the river Vozha.
1380 - Mamai's campaign to Russia and his defeat in the Battle of Kulikovo. Defeat of Mamai by Khan Tokhtamysh on the Kalka River.
1382 - Tokhtamysh's campaign to Moscow and the devastation of Moscow. The ruin of the Ryazan principality by the Moscow army.
OK. 1382 - The beginning of the minting of a coin in Moscow.
1383 - Accession of the Vyatka land to the Nizhny Novgorod principality. Death of the former Grand Duke Dmitry Konstantinovich of Suzdal.
1385 - Judicial reform in Novgorod. Proclamation of independence from the Metropolitan's court. Unsuccessful campaign of Dmitry Donskoy on Murom and Ryazan. Kreva Union of Lithuania and Poland.
1386-1387 - The campaign of the Grand Duke Dmitry Ivanovich Donskoy at the head of the coalition of the Vladimir princes to Novgorod. Novgorod payments of indemnity. The defeat of the Smolensk prince Svyatoslav Ivanovich in the battle with the Lithuanians (1386).
1389 - Appearance in Russia firearms.
1389-1425 - The reign of Grand Duke Vasily I Dmitrievich, for the first time without the approval of the Horde.
1392 - Accession of the Nizhny Novgorod and Murom principalities to Moscow.
1393 - Campaign of the Moscow army led by Yuri Zvenigorodsky to the Novgorod lands.
1395 - The defeat of the Golden Horde by the troops of Tamerlane. Establishment of vassal dependence of the Smolensk principality on Lithuania.
1397-1398 - Campaign of the Moscow army to the Novgorod lands. The annexation of the Novgorod possessions (Bezhetsky Verkh, Vologda, Ustyug and the Komi lands) to Moscow, the return of the Dvinskaya land to Novgorod. The conquest of the Dvina land by the Novgorod army.
1399-1400 - Campaign of the Moscow army led by Yuri Zvenigorodsky to the Kama against the Nizhny Novgorod princes who took refuge in Kazan 1399 - the victory of Khan Timur-Kutlug over the Lithuanian Grand Duke Vitovt Keistutovich.
1400-1426 - The reign of Prince Ivan Mikhailovich in Tver, the strengthening of Tver 1404 - the capture of Smolensk and the Smolensk principality by the Lithuanian Grand Duke Vitovt Keistutovich
1402 - Accession of the Vyatka land to Moscow.
1406-1408 - War of the Grand Duke of Moscow Vasily I with Vitovt Keistutovich.
1408 - Emir Edigei's trip to Moscow.
1410 - Death of Prince Vladimir Andreevich the Brave Battle of Grunwald. The Polish-Lithuanian-Russian army of Jagaila and Vitovt defeated the knights of the Teutonic Order
OK. 1418 - Popular uprising against the boyars in Novgorod.
OK. 1420 - Coin minting in Novgorod begins.
1422 - Peace of Meln, an agreement between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Poland with the Teutonic Order (concluded on September 27, 1422 on the shore of Lake Melno). The Order finally abandoned Samogitia and the Lithuanian Zanemania, preserving the Klaipeda region and Polish Pomorie.
1425-1462 - Board of the Grand Duke Vasily II Vasilyevich the Dark.
1425-1461 - The reign of Prince Boris Alexandrovich in Tver. An attempt to strengthen the significance of Tver.
1426-1428 - Campaigns of Vitovt of Lithuania to Novgorod and Pskov.
1427 - Recognition of the Tver and Ryazan principalities of vassal dependence on Lithuania 1430 - death of Vitovt of Lithuania. The beginning of the decline of the Lithuanian great power
1425-1453 - Internecine war in Russia between Grand Duke Vasily II the Dark with Yuri Zvenigorodsky, cousins Vasily Kosym and Dmitry Shemyaka.
1430 - 1432 - struggle in Lithuania between Svidrigail Olgerdovich, who represented the "Russian" party, and Sigismund, who represented the "Lithuanian" party.
1428 - The raid of the Horde troops on the Kostroma lands - Galich Mersky, the ruin and plunder of Kostroma, Plyos and Lukh.
1432 - Court in the Horde between Vasily II and Yuri Zvenigorodsky (at the initiative of Yuri Dmitrievich). Approval of the Grand Duke Vasily II.
1433-1434 - The capture of Moscow and the great reign of Yuri Zvenigorodsky.
1437 - Hike of Ulu-Muhammad to the Zaoksky lands. Belevskaya battle on December 5, 1437 (defeat of the Moscow army).
1439 - Basil II's refusal to accept the Union of Florence with the Roman Catholic Church. Hike of Kazan Khan Makhmet (Ulu-Muhammad) to Moscow.
1438 - the separation of the Kazan Khanate from the Golden Horde. The beginning of the disintegration of the Golden Horde.
1440 - Recognition of the independence of Pskov by Casimir of Lithuania.
1444-1445 - The Kazan Khan Makhmet (Ulu-Muhammad) raid on Ryazan, Murom and Suzdal.
1443 - the separation of the Crimean Khanate from the Golden Horde
1444-1448 - War of Livonia with Novgorod and Pskov. Hike of Tver residents to Novgorod lands.
1446 - Transfer to the Moscow service of Kasim Khan, the brother of the Kazan Khan. Blinding of Vasily II by Dmitry Shemyaka.
1448 - Election of the Russian clergy as Metropolitan Jonah at the Council. The signing of the 25-year peace of Pskov and Novgorod with Livonia.
1449 - Treaty between Grand Duke Vasily II the Dark and Casimir of Lithuania. Recognition of the independence of Novgorod and Pskov.
OK. 1450 - The first mention of St. George's Day.
1451 - Annexation of the Suzdal principality to Moscow. Hike Makhmut, son of Kichi-Muhammad, to Moscow. He burned down the townships, but the Kremlin did not take it.
1456 - The campaign of the Grand Duke Vasily II the Dark to Novgorod, the defeat of the Novgorod army near old Rusa. Yazhelbitsky Treaty of Novgorod with Moscow. The first limitation of the Novgorodian liberties. 1454-1466 - Thirteen Years War of Poland with the Teutonic Order, culminating in the recognition of the Teutonic Order as a vassal of the Polish king.
1458 Final division of the Kiev Metropolis into Moscow and Kiev. The refusal of the church council in Moscow to recognize the metropolitan Gregory sent from Rome and the decree to continue to appoint the metropolitan by the will of the grand duke and the council without approval in Constantinople.
1459 - Subordination of Vyatka to Moscow.
1459 - Separation of the Astrakhan Khanate from the Golden Horde
1460 - The truce between Pskov and Livonia for 5 years. Recognition of Moscow's sovereignty by Pskov.
1462 - Death of the Grand Duke Vasily II the Dark.

Russian state (Russian centralized state)

1462-1505 - Board of the Grand Duke Ivan III Vasilievich.
1462 - Ivan III stopped issuing Russian coins with the name of the Horde Khan. Ivan III's statement on the rejection of the khan's label for the great reign ..
1465 - The Scriba detachment reaches the Obi River.
1466-1469 - Travel of the Tver merchant Afanasy Nikitin to India.
1467-1469 - campaigns of the Moscow army against the Kazan Khanate ..
1468 - Campaign of the Khan of the Great Horde Akhmat to Ryazan.
1471 - 1st campaign of Grand Duke Ivan III against Novgorod, defeat of the Novgorod army on the Sheloni river. Hike of the Horde to the Moscow frontiers in the Zaokskaya strip.
1472 - The annexation of the Perm land (Great Perm) to Moscow.
1474 - The annexation of the Rostov principality to Moscow. Conclusion of a 30-year truce between Moscow and Livonia. The conclusion of the alliance of the Crimean Khanate and Moscow against the Great Horde and Lithuania.
1475 - the capture of the Crimea by Turkish troops. The transition of the Crimean Khanate to a vassal dependence on Turkey.
1478 - 2nd campaign of Grand Duke Ivan III against Novgorod.
Elimination of the independence of Novgorod.
1480 - "Great standing" on the river Ugra of Russian and Tatar troops. Refusal of Ivan III to pay tribute to the Horde. End of the Horde yoke.
1483 - Hike of the Moscow governor F. Kurbsky in the Trans-Urals to the Irtysh to Isker, then down the Irtysh to the Ob to the Yugorsk land. The conquest of the Pelym principality.
1485 - Annexation of the Tver principality to Moscow.
1487-1489 - Conquest of the Kazan Khanate. Capture of Kazan (1487), acceptance by Ivan III of the title "Grand Duke of Bulgar". Khan Mohammed-Emin, a protege of Moscow, was erected on the Kazan throne. Introduction of a local land use system.
1489 - Hike to Vyatka and the final annexation of the Vyatka land to Moscow. Accession of the Arsk land (Udmurtia).
1491 - "Campaign to the Wild Field" of the 60-thousandth Russian army to help the Crimean Khan Mengli-Girey against the khans of the Great Horde Kazan Khan Muhammad-Emin joins the campaign to strike the flank
1492 - Superstitious expectations of the "end of the world" in connection with the end (March 1) of the 7th millennium in a row "from the creation of the world." September - the decision of the Moscow Church Council to postpone the date of the beginning of the year to September 1. The first use of the title "autocrat" in a letter to Grand Duke Ivan III Vasilyevich. Foundation of the Ivangorod fortress on the Narva river.
1492-1494 - 1st war of Ivan III with Lithuania. Accession of Vyazma and the Verkhovsk principalities to Moscow.
1493 - Treaty of Ivan III on an alliance with Denmark against the Hansa and Sweden. Concession by Denmark of its possessions in Finland in exchange for the termination of the Hanseatic trade in Novgorod.
1495 - the separation of the Siberian Khanate from the Golden Horde. The collapse of the Golden Horde
1496-1497 - The war between Moscow and Sweden.
1496-1502 - reign in Kazan by Abdyl-Letifa (Abdul-Latifa) under the protectorate of Grand Duke Ivan III
1497 - Ivan III Code of Law. First Russian Embassy in Istanbul
1499 -1501 - Hike of the Moscow governors F. Kurbsky and P. Ushaty in the Northern Trans-Urals and in the lower reaches of the Ob.
1500-1503 - 2nd war of Ivan III with Lithuania for the Verkhovsk principalities. Joining the Seversk land to Moscow.
1501 - Formation of a coalition of Lithuania, Livonia and the Great Horde directed against Moscow, Crimea and Kazan. On August 30, the 20-thousandth army of the Great Horde began the devastation of the Kursk land, approaching Rylsk, and by November it reached the Bryansk and Novgorod-Seversky lands. The Tatars captured the city of Novgorod-Seversky, but did not go further into the Moscow lands.
1501-1503 - War between Russia and the Livonian Order.
1502 - The final defeat of the Great Horde by the Crimean Khan Mengli-Girey, the transfer of its territory to the Crimean Khanate
1503 - Accession to Moscow of half of the Ryazan principality (including Tula). Truce with Lithuania and the annexation of Chernigov, Bryansk and Gomel to Russia (almost a third of the territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania). Truce between Russia and Livonia.
1505 - Anti-Russian performance in Kazan. The beginning of the Kazan-Russian war (1505-1507).
1505-1533 - Board of the Grand Duke Vasily III Ivanovich.
1506 - Unsuccessful siege of Kazan.
1507 - The first raid of the Crimean Tatars to the southern borders of Russia.
1507-1508 - War between Russia and Lithuania.
1508 - Conclusion of a peace treaty with Sweden for 60 years.
1510 - Liquidation of the independence of Pskov.
1512-1522 - War of Russia with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
1517-1519 - Publishing activity of Francysk Skaryna in Prague. Skaryna publishes a translation from Church Slavonic into Russian - "The Russian Bible".
1512 - "Eternal Peace" with Kazan. Unsuccessful siege of Smolensk.
1513 - Accession to the Moscow principality of Volotsk inheritance.
1514 - The capture of Smolensk by the troops of the Grand Duke Vasily III Ivanovich and the annexation of the Smolensk lands.
1515, April - Death of the Crimean Khan Mengli-Girey, a longtime ally of Ivan III;
1519 - Campaign of the Russian army to Vilno (Vilnius).
1518 - Coming to power in Kazan of Moscow's protege of Khan (Tsar) Shah-Ali
1520 - Conclusion of an armistice with Lithuania for 5 years.
1521 - The campaign of the Crimean and Kazan Tatars led by Mohammed-Girey (Magmet-Girey), the Khan of the Crimea and the Kazan Khan Saip-Girey (Sahib-Girey) to Moscow. The siege of Moscow by the Crimeans. Complete annexation of the Ryazan principality to Moscow. The seizure of the throne of the Kazan Khanate by the dynasty of the Crimean khans Gireyi (Khan Sahib-Girey).
1522 - The arrest of the Novgorod-Seversk prince Vasily Shemyachich. The annexation of the Novgorod-Seversky principality to Moscow.
1523-1524 - 2nd Kazan-Russian war.
1523 - Anti-Russian demonstrations in Kazan. Campaign of Russian troops to the lands of the Kazan Khanate. Construction of the Vasilsursk fortress on the Sura river. Capture of Astrakhan by Crimean troops.
1524 - New Russian campaign against Kazan. Peace talks between Moscow and Kazan. The proclamation of Safa-Girey by the Kazan king.
1529 - Russian-Kazan peace treaty Siege of Vienna by the Turks
1530 - The campaign of the Russian army to Kazan.
1533-1584 - The reign of the Grand Duke and Tsar (from 1547) Ivan IV Vasilyevich the Terrible.
1533-1538 - Regency of the mother of Grand Duke Ivan IV Vasilyevich Elena Glinskaya (1538+).
1538-1547 - Boyar rule under the minor Grand Duke Ivan IV Vasilyevich (until 1544 - Shuiskys, from 1544 - Glinskys)
1544-1546 - The annexation of the lands of the Mari and Chuvashes to Russia, a campaign in the lands of the Kazan Khanate.
1547 - Grand Duke Ivan IV Vasilyevich accepts the royal title (wedding to the kingdom). Fires and riots in Moscow.
1547-1549 - Ivan Peresvetov's political program: the creation of a permanent streltsy army, the support of the royal power on the nobles, the seizure of the Kazan Khanate and the distribution of its lands to the nobles.
1547-1550 - Unsuccessful campaigns (1547-1548, 1549-1550) of Russian troops to Kazan Crimean Khan's campaign to Astrakhan. Construction of a protege of Crimea in Astrakhan
1549 - The first news about the Cossack towns on the Don. Formation of the embassy order. Convocation of the first Zemsky Sobor.
1550 - Code of Laws (code of laws) of Ivan the Terrible.
1551 - "Stoglavy" cathedral. Approval of the reform program (with the exception of the secularization of church lands and the introduction of a secular court for clergy). 3rd Kazan campaign of Ivan the Terrible.
1552 - 4th (Great) campaign of Tsar Ivan IV Vasilyevich to Kazan. Unsuccessful campaign of the Crimean troops to Tula. Siege and capture of Kazan. Liquidation of the Kazan Khanate.
1552-1558 - Subordination of the territory of the Kazan Khanate.
1553 - Unsuccessful campaign of the 120-thousandth army of the Prince of the Nogai Horde Yusuf to Moscow ..
1554 - the 1st campaign of the Russian governors to Astrakhan.
1555 - Cancellation of feeding (completion of the labial and zemstvo reform) Recognition by the Khan of the Siberian Khanate by Ediger of vassal dependence on Russia
1555-1557 - The war between Russia and Sweden.
1555-1560 - Campaigns of Russian governors to the Crimea.
1556 - The capture of Astrakhan and the annexation of the Astrakhan Khanate to Russia. The transition to the rule of Russia of the entire Volga region. Adoption of the "Code of Service" - regulation of the service of nobles and the norms of local salaries. The disintegration of the Nogai Horde into the Big, Small and Altyul Hordes ..
1557 - The ambassadors of the ruler of Kabarda swear allegiance to the Russian tsar. Recognition of Ismail by the prince of the Great Nogai Horde of vassal dependence on Russia. The transition of the western and central Bashkir tribes (subjects of the Nogai Horde) to the Russian tsar.
1558-1583 - Livonian war of Russia for access to the Baltic Sea and for the lands of Livonia.
1558 - The capture of Narva and Dorpat by the Russian troops.
1559 - Truce with Livonia. D. Ardashev's hike to the Crimea. Transition of Livonia under the protectorate of Poland.
1560 - The victory of the Russian army at Ermes, the capture of the Fellin castle. A. Kurbsky's victory by the Livonians near Wenden. The fall of the government of the Chosen Rada, A. Adashev's disgrace. Transfer of Northern Livonia to Swedish citizenship.
1563 - The capture of Polotsk by Tsar Ivan IV The seizure of power in the Siberian Khanate by Kuchum. Break of vassal relations with Russia
1564 - Publication of "The Apostle" by Ivan Fedorov.
1565 - Introduction of the oprichnina by Tsar Ivan IV the Terrible. The beginning of the oprichnina persecution 1563-1570 - Northern Seven Years Danish-Swedish War for domination of the Baltic Sea. The Peace of Stettin of 1570 largely restored the status quo.
1566 - Completion of the construction of the Big Zasechnaya Line (Ryazan-Tula-Kozelsk and Alatyr-Temnikov-Shatsk-Ryazhsk). The city of Oryol was founded.
1567 - Union of Russia with Sweden. Construction of the Terki fortress (Tersk town) at the confluence of the Terek and Sunzha rivers. The beginning of Russia's advance to the Caucasus.
1568-1569 - Mass executions in Moscow. Destruction of the last appanage prince Andrei Vladimirovich Staritsky by order of Ivan the Terrible. Conclusion of peace agreements between Turkey and Crimea with Poland and Lithuania. The beginning of the openly hostile policy of the Ottoman Empire towards Russia
1569 - Campaign of the Crimean Tatars and Turks to Astrakhan, unsuccessful siege of Astrakhan Union of Lublin - Formation of a single Polish-Lithuanian state Rzeczpospolita
1570 - Punitive campaigns of Ivan the Terrible to Tver, Novgorod and Pskov. The ruin of the Ryazan land by the Crimean Khan Davlet-Giray. The beginning of the Russian-Swedish war. Unsuccessful siege of Reval Formation of the vassal kingdom of Magnus (brother of the King of Denmark) in Livonia.
1571 - Campaign of the Crimean Khan Devlet-Girey to Moscow. The capture and burning of Moscow. The flight of Ivan the Terrible to Serpukhov, Aleksandrov Sloboda, then to Rostov ..
1572 - Negotiations between Ivan the Terrible and Devlet-Girey. A new campaign of the Crimean Tatars to Moscow. Victory of the governor M.I. Vorotynsky on the Lopasna river. The retreat of Khan Devlet-Girey. The abolition of the oprichnina by Ivan the Terrible. Execution of the leaders of the oprichnina.
1574 - Foundation of the city of Ufa;.
1575-1577 - Campaigns of Russian troops in Northern Livonia and Livonia.
1575-1576 - Nominal reign of Simeon Bekbulatovich (1616+), Kasimov khan, proclaimed by Ivan the Terrible "Grand Duke of All Russia".
1576 - Foundation of the city of Samara. Capture of a number of strongholds in Livonia (Pernov (Pärnu), Wenden, Paidu, etc.) Election of the Turkish protege Stephen Batory (1586+) to the Polish throne.
1577 - Unsuccessful siege of Reval.
1579 - Capture of Polotsk by Stephen Bathory, Velikiye Luki.
1580s - The first news of the Cossack towns on the Yaik.
1580 - the 2nd campaign of Stephen Batory to the Russian lands and the capture of Velikiye Luki by him. The capture of Korela by the Swedish commander De la Gardie. The decision of the church council to ban churches and monasteries from acquiring land.
1581 - The capture of the Russian fortresses of Narva and Ivangorod by the Swedish troops. Cancellation of St. George's Day. The first mention of the "reserved" years. The assassination of his eldest son Ivan by Tsar Ivan IV the Terrible.
1581-1582 - The siege by Stephen Bathory of Pskov and its defense by I. Shuisky.
1581-1585 - Campaign of the Cossack Ataman Ermak to Siberia and the defeat of the Siberian Khanate of Kuchum.
1582 - Yam-Zapolsk truce between Russia and the Commonwealth for 10 years. Transfer to the possession of Poland of Livonia and Polotsk. Resettlement of part of the Don Cossacks in the Grobni tract in the North. Caucasus Bull of Pope Gregory XIII on calendar reform and the introduction of the Gregorian calendar.
1582-1584 - Mass uprisings of the peoples of the Middle Volga region (Tatars, Mari, Chuvash, Udmurts) against Moscow The introduction of a new calendar style in Catholic countries (Italy, Spain, Poland, France, etc.). "Calendar Disorders" in Riga (1584).
1583 - Plyusskoe truce between Russia and Sweden for 10 years with the concession of Narva, Yama, Koporye, Ivangorod. End of the Livonian War, which lasted (intermittently) 25 years.
1584-1598 - The reign of Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich 1586 - the election of the king of the Commonwealth of the Swedish prince Sigismund III Vasa (1632+)
1586-1618 - The annexation of Western Siberia to Russia. Founding of Tyumen (1586), Tobolsk (1587), Berezov (1593), Obdorsk (1595), Tomsk (1604).
OK. 1598 - death of Khan Kuchum. The power of his son Ali remains in the upper reaches of the Ishim, Irtysh and Tobol rivers.
1587 - Renewal of relations between Georgia and Russia.
1589 - Foundation of the Tsaritsyn fortress at the port between the Don and the Volga. Establishment of the patriarchate in Russia.
1590 - The city of Saratov was founded.
1590-1593 - Successful war between Russia and Sweden 1592 - King of the Commonwealth Sigismund III Vasa came to power in Sweden. The beginning of the struggle of Sigismund with another contender for the throne and relative Karl Vasa (future King of Sweden Karl IX)
1591 - The death of Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich in Uglich, the uprising of the townspeople.
1592-1593 - Decree on the exemption from duties and taxes of landowners who carry military service and who lived on their estates (the emergence of "white lands"). Decree on the prohibition of the peasant exit. The final anchoring of the peasants to the land.
1595 - Peace of Tyavzin with Sweden. The return to Russia of the cities of Yam, Koporye, Ivangorod, Oreshek, Nyenshan. Recognition of Swedish control over Russian Baltic trade.
1597 - Decree on enslaving slaves (life of their condition without the possibility of paying off the debt, termination of service with the death of the master). Decree on the five-year period for the search for fugitive peasants (class years).
1598 - Death of Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich. Termination of the Rurik dynasty. Adoption of the Babinovskaya road as the official government route to Siberia (instead of the old Cherdynskaya road).

Time of Troubles

1598-1605 - The reign of Tsar Boris Godunov.
1598 - The beginning of active construction of cities in Siberia.
1601-1603 - Famine in Russia. Partial restoration of St. George's Day and the limited release of peasants.
1604 - The construction of the fortress of Tomsk by a detachment from Surgut at the request of the prince of the Tomsk Tatars. The appearance in Poland of the impostor False Dmitry, his campaign at the head of the Cossacks and mercenaries to Moscow.
1605 - The reign of Tsar Fedor Borisovich Godunov (1605x).
1605-1606 - Board of the impostor False Dmitry I
Preparation of a new Code, allowing the peasant exit.
1606 - Conspiracy of the boyars led by Prince V.I.Shuisky. Overthrow and assassination of False Dmitry I. Proclamation of V.I.Shuisky as tsar.
1606-1610 - The reign of Tsar Vasily IV Ivanovich Shuisky.
1606-1607 - The uprising of I.I.Bolotnikov and Lyapunov under the motto "Tsar Dmitry!"
1606 - The appearance of the impostor False Dmitry II.
1607 - Decrees on "voluntary serfs", on a 15-year period of searching for runaway peasants and on sanctions for accepting and keeping runaway peasants. Cancellation of the reforms of Godunov and False Dmitry I.
1608 - Victory of False Dmitry II over government troops led by D.I.Shuisky near Bolkhov.
Creation of the Tushino camp near Moscow ..
1608-1610 - Unsuccessful siege of the Trinity-Sergius Monastery by Polish and Lithuanian troops.
1609 - Appeal for help (February) against False Dmitry II to the Swedish king Charles IX at the cost of territorial concessions. The advance of the Swedish troops to Novgorod. The entry of the Polish king Sigismund III into the Russian state (September). The beginning of the Polish intervention in Russia. Metropolitan Filaret (Fyodor Nikitich Romanov) was named Patriarch in the Tushino camp. Confusion in the Tushino camp. Flight of False Dmitry II.
1609-1611 - Siege of Smolensk by Polish troops.
1610 - Battle of Klushino (24.06) Russian and Polish troops. Liquidation of the Tushino camp. A new attempt by False Dmitry II to organize a campaign against Moscow. The death of False Dmitry II. Removal of Vasily Shuisky from the throne. The entry of the Poles into Moscow.
1610-1613 - Interregnum ("Seven Boyars").
1611 - The defeat of the Lyapunov militia. The fall of Smolensk after a two-year siege. Captivity of Patriarch Filaret, V.I.Shuisky and others.
1611-1617 - Swedish intervention in Russia;.
1612 - Gathering of the new militia of Kuzma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky. The liberation of Moscow, the defeat of the Polish troops. Death of the former Tsar Vasily Shuisky in captivity in Poland.
1613 - Convocation of the Zemsky Sobor in Moscow. Election to the kingdom of Mikhail Romanov.
1613-1645 - The reign of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov.
1615-1616 - Liquidation of the Cossack movement of Ataman Balovnya.
1617 - Stolbovskiy peace with Sweden. The return of Novgorod lands to Russia, the loss of access to the Baltic - the cities of Korela (Keksholm), Koporye, Oreshek, Yam, Ivangorod went to Sweden.
1618 - Deulinskoe truce with Poland. Transfer of Smolensk lands (including Smolensk), except for Vyazma, Chernigov and Novgorod-Seversk lands with 29 cities to Poland. Refusal of the prince of Poland Vladislav from the claims to the Russian throne. Election of Filaret (Fedor Nikitich Romanov) as patriarch.
1619-1633 - Patriarchate and reign of Filaret (Fedor Nikitich Romanov).
1620-1624 - The beginning of the penetration of the Russians into Eastern Siberia. Hike to the Lena river and up the Lena to the land of the Buryats.
1621 - Establishment of the Siberian Diocese.
1632 - Organization of "foreign system" troops in the Russian army. The founding of the first iron-making plant in Tula by A. Vinius. The war between Russia and Poland for the return of Smolensk. The foundation of the Yakutsk prison (in its present place since 1643) 1630-1634 - The Swedish period of the Thirty Years War, when the Swedish army, having invaded Germany (under the command of Gustav II Adolf), won victories at Breitenfeld (1631), Lutzen (1632), but was defeated at Nördlingen (1634).
1633-1638 - Hike of the Cossacks I. Perfiliev and I. Rebrov from the lower reaches of the Lena to the rivers Yana and Indigirka 1635-1648 - Franco-Swedish period of the Thirty Years War, when France entered the war, the clear superiority of the anti-Habsburg coalition was determined. As a result, the plans of the Habsburgs collapsed, political hegemony passed to France. It ended with the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.
1636 - Foundation of the Tambov fortress.
1637 - The capture of the Turkish fortress of Azov by the Don Cossacks at the mouth of the Don.
1638 - The transition of the hetman Y. Ostranin, who rebelled against the Poles, with an army to the territory of Russia. The beginning of the formation of the Sloboda Ukraine (regions of Kharkov, Kursk, etc. between the Don and the Dnieper)
1638-1639 - Hike of the Cossacks P. Ivanov from Yakutsk to the upper reaches of the Yana and Indigirka.
1639-1640 - Hike of the Cossacks I. Moskvitin from Yakutsk to the Lama (Sea of Okhotsk, access to the Pacific Ocean. Completion of the latitudinal crossing of Siberia, begun by Ermak.
1639 - Foundation of the first glass factory in Russia.
1641 - Successful defense of the Azov fortress by the Don Cossacks at the mouth of the Don ("Azov sitting").
1642 - End of defense of the Azov fortress. The decision of the Zemsky Sobor on the return of Azov to Turkey. Registration of the noble military estate.
1643 - Liquidation of the Kod principality of the Khanty on the right bank of the Ob. Cossack sea voyage led by M. Starodukhin and D. Zdyryan from Indigirka to Kolyma. The exit of Russian servicemen and industrial people to Lake Baikal (K. Ivanov's campaign) The discovery of Sakhalin by the Dutch navigator M. de Vries, who took Sakhalin Island for part of Hokkaido ..
1643-1646 - Campaign of V. Poyarkov from Yakutsk to Aldan, Zeya, Amur to the Sea of Okhotsk.
1645-1676 - The reign of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov.
1646 - Replacement of direct taxes with a tax on salt. Abolition of salt tax and return to direct taxes due to riots. Census of the draft and partially non-tax population.
1648-1654 - Construction of the Simbirsk notch line (Simbirsk-Karsun-Saransk-Tambov). Construction of the Simbirsk fortress (1648).
1648 - Sailing S. Dezhnev from the mouth of the Kolyma river to the mouth of the Anadyri river through the strait separating Eurasia from America. "Salt Riot" in Moscow. Revolts of townspeople in Kursk, Yelets, Tomsk, Ustyug and others. Concessions to the nobles: convocation of the Zemsky Sobor for the adoption of a new Code, abolition of collection of arrears. The beginning of the uprising of B. Khmelnitsky against the Poles in Ukraine ..
1649 - Cathedral Code of Alexei Mikhailovich. The final registration of serfdom (the introduction of indefinite search for fugitives), the elimination of "white estates" (feudal possessions in cities, exempt from taxes and duties). Legalization of the search by denunciation of intent against the tsar or his insult ("The word and deed of the sovereign") Deprivation of the British trade privileges at the request of the Russian merchants ..
1649-1652 - E. Khabarov's campaigns to the Amur and Daurian land. The first clashes between the Russians and the Manchus. Creation of territorial regiments in Sloboda Ukraine (Ostrogozhsky, Akhtyrsky, Sumy, Kharkov).
1651 - The beginning of the church reform by Patriarch Nikon. Foundation of the German settlement in Moscow.
1651-1660 - Hike M. Stadukhin along the route Anadyr-Okhotsk-Yakutsk. Establishing a connection between the northern and southern routes to the Sea of Okhotsk.
1652-1656 - Construction of the Zakamskaya notch line (Bely Yar - Menzelinsk).
1652-1667 - Clashes between secular and church authorities.
1653 - Decision of the Zemsky Sobor to accept the citizenship of Ukraine and to start a war with Poland. Adoption of a trade charter regulating trade (a unified trade duty, a ban on the collection of travel duties in the possessions of secular and spiritual feudal lords, restriction of peasant trade by trade from carts, an increase in duties for foreign merchants).
1654-1667 - Russian-Polish war for Ukraine.
1654 - Approval of Nikon's reforms by the church council. The emergence of the Old Believers, led by Archpriest Avvakum, the beginning of the schism of the Church. Approval of the Pereyaslav Rada of the Troops of the Zaporozhye Treaty (01/08/1654) on the transition of Ukraine (Poltava, Kiev, Chernigov, Podolia, Volhynia) to Russia with the preservation of broad autonomy (inviolability of the rights of the Cossacks, election of the hetman, independent foreign policy, non-jurisdiction to Moscow, payment of tribute without interference Moscow collectors). The capture by Russian troops of Polotsk, Mogilev, Vitebsk, Smolensk
1655 - The capture of Minsk, Vilno, Grodno by the Russian troops, access to Brest. Sweden's invasion of Poland. The beginning of the first Northern War
1656 - Taking of Nyenskans and Dorpat. Siege of Riga. Truce with Poland and declaration of war on Sweden.
1656-1658 - Russian-Swedish war for access to the Baltic Sea.
1657 - Death of B. Khmelnitsky. Election of the hetman of Ukraine I. Vyhovsky.
1658 - Nikon's open conflict with Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. The beginning of the issue of copper money (the issuance of salaries in copper money and the collection of taxes in silver). Termination of negotiations with Poland, resumption of the Russian-Polish war. The invasion of the Russian troops into Ukraine Hadyach agreement of the hetman of Ukraine Vyhovsky with Poland on the annexation of Ukraine as an autonomous "Russian principality" to Poland.
1659 - The defeat of the Russian troops near Konotop by the hetman of Ukraine I. Vygovsky and the Crimean Tatars. Refusal of the Pereyaslavl Rada to approve the Gadyach agreement. Removal of Hetman I. Vygovsky and election of Hetman of Ukraine Y. Khmelnitsky. Rada's approval of a new treaty with Russia. The defeat of the Russian troops in Belarus, the betrayal of Hetman Yu. Khmelnitsky. The split of the Ukrainian Cossacks into supporters of Moscow and supporters of Poland.
1661 - Peace of Kardis between Russia and Sweden. Refusal of Russia from the conquests of 1656, return to the conditions of the Stolbovski peace in 1617 1660-1664 - Austro-Turkish war, division of the lands of the Hungarian kingdom.
1662 - "Copper revolt" in Moscow.
1663 - Foundation of the city of Penza. The split of Ukraine into hetmans of the Right-Bank and Left-Bank Ukraine
1665 - Reforms of A. Ordin-Nashchekin in Pskov: the establishment of merchant companies, the introduction of elements of self-government. Strengthening Moscow's position in Ukraine.
1665-1677 - P. Doroshenko's hetmanate in the Right-Bank Ukraine.
1666 - Deprivation of the patriarch by Nikon and the condemnation of the Old Believers by the church council. The construction by the rebellious Ilim Cossacks of a new Fort Albazin on the Amur (since 1672 it was accepted into the citizenship of Russia) ..
1667 - Construction of ships for the Caspian Flotilla. New trade charter. Exile of Archpriest Avvakum to Pustozersky prison for "heresy" (criticism) of the country's rulers. A. Ordin-Nashchekin at the head of the Ambassadorial Prikaz (1667-1671). A. Ordin-Nashchekin's conclusion of the Andrusov armistice with Poland. Implementation of the partition of Ukraine between Poland and Russia (the transition of the Left-Bank Ukraine under the rule of Russia).
1667-1676 - Solovetsky uprising of schismatic monks ("Solovetsky sitting").
1669 - The transition of the hetman of Right-Bank Ukraine P. Doroshenko under the rule of Turkey.
1670-1671 - The uprising of peasants and Cossacks led by the Don chieftain S. Razin.
1672 - First self-immolation of schismatics (in Nizhny Novgorod). The first professional theater in Russia. Decree on the distribution of "wild fields" to servicemen and clergy in the "Ukrainian" regions. The Russian-Polish treaty on aid to Poland in the war with Turkey 1672-1676 - the war between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ottoman Empire for the Right-Bank Ukraine ..
1673 - Campaign of Russian troops and Don Cossacks to Azov.
1673-1675 - Campaigns of Russian troops against Hetman P. Doroshenko (campaigns on Chigirin), defeat by Turkish and Crimean Tatar troops.
1675-1678 - Russian Embassy Mission to Beijing. The refusal of the Qin government to view Russia as an equal partner.
1676-1682 - The reign of Tsar Fyodor Alekseevich Romanov.
1676-1681 - Russian-Turkish War for the Right-Bank Ukraine.
1676 - The occupation by Russian troops of the capital of the Right-Bank Ukraine, Chigirin. Zhuravsky peace of Poland and Turkey: Turkey receives Podolia, P. Doroshenko is recognized as a vassal of Turkey
1677 - The victory of the Russian troops over the Turks at Chigirin.
1678 - Russian-Polish agreement on the extension of the armistice with Poland for 13 years. Agreement of the parties on the preparation of "eternal peace". The capture of Chigirin by the Turks
1679-1681 - Tax reform. Transition to courtyard taxation instead of row tax.
1681-1683 - Seitovskaya uprising in Bashkiria due to violent Christianization. Suppression of the uprising with the help of the Kalmyks.
1681 - Abolition of the Kasimov kingdom. Bakhchisarai peace treaty of Russia with Turkey and the Crimean Khanate. Establishment of the Russian-Turkish border along the Dnieper. Recognition for Russia of the Left-Bank Ukraine and Kiev.
1682-1689 - Simultaneous reign of the princess-ruler Sophia Alekseevna and Tsars Ivan V Alekseevich and Peter I Alekseevich.
1682-1689 - Armed conflict between Russia and China on the Amur.
1682 - Abolition of parochialism. The beginning of the Strelets riot in Moscow. Establishment of the government of Princess Sophia. Suppression of the rifle riot. Execution of Avvakum and his supporters in Pustozersk.
1683-1684 - Construction of the Syzran zasechnaya line (Syzran-Penza).
1686 - "Eternal Peace" between Russia and Poland. The accession of Russia to the anti-Turkish coalition of Poland, the Holy Empire and Venice (Holy League) with the obligation of Russia to make a campaign against the Crimean Khanate.
1686-1700 - War between Russia and Turkey. V. Golitsin's Crimean campaigns.
1687 - Foundation of the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy in Moscow.
1689 - Construction of the Verkhneudinsk fortress (present-day Ulan-Ude) at the confluence of the Uda and Selenga rivers. Treaty of Nerchinsk between Russia and China. Establishment of the border along the Argun - Stanovoy Range - the Ude River to the Sea of Okhotsk. Overthrow of the government of Princess Sophia Alekseevna.
1689-1696 - Simultaneous reign of Tsars Ivan V Alekseevich and Peter I Alekseevich.
1695 - Establishment of the Preobrazhensky Prikaz. The first Azov campaign of Peter I. Organization of "kumpans" to finance the construction of the fleet, the creation of a shipyard on the Voronezh river.
1695-1696 - Uprising of the local and Cossack population in Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk and Transbaikalia.
1696 - Death of Tsar Ivan V Alekseevich.

Russian empire

1689 - 1725 - Reign of Peter I.
1695 - 1696 - The Azov campaigns.
1699 - Reform of city government.
1700 - Russian - Turkish Armistice Treaty.
1700 - 1721 - Great Northern War.
1700, November 19 - Battle of Narva.
1703 - Foundation of St. Petersburg.
1705 - 1706 - Uprising in Astrakhan.
1705 - 1711 - Uprising in Bashkiria.
1708 - Provincial reform of Peter I.
1709, June 27 - Battle of Poltava.
1711 - Establishment of the Senate. The Prut campaign of Peter I.
1711 - 1765 - The years of life of M.V. Lomonosov.
1716 - Military regulations of Peter I.
1718 - Establishment of the college. The beginning of the poll census.
1721 - Establishment of the Chief Magistrate of the Synod. Decree on Possessional Peasants.
1721 - Peter I took the title of ALL-RUSSIAN EMPEROR. RUSSIA BECAME EMPIRE.
1722 - "Table of Ranks".
1722 -1723 - Russian - Iranian war.
1727 - 1730 - Reign of Peter II.
1730 - 1740 - The reign of Anna Ioannovna.
1730 - The 1714 law of succession is repealed. Acceptance of Russian citizenship by the Younger Horde in Kazakhstan.
1735 - 1739 - Russian - Turkish war.
1735 - 1740 - Uprising in Bashkiria.
1741 - 1761 - The reign of Elizabeth Petrovna.
1742 - Discovery of the northern tip of Asia by Chelyuskin.
1750 - The opening of the first Russian theater in Yaroslavl (F.G. Volkova).
1754 - Abolition of internal customs.
1755 - Foundation of Moscow University.
1757 - 1761 - Russia's participation in the Seven Years War.
1757 - Institution of the Academy of Arts.
1760 - 1764 - Mass riots of registered peasants in the Urals.
1761 - 1762 - Reign of Peter III.
1762 - Manifesto "on the freedom of the nobility."
1762 - 1796 - The reign of Catherine II.
1763 - 1765 - The invention of I.I. Sliding steam engine.
1764 - Secularization of church lands.
1765 - Decree allowing landowners to exile peasants to hard labor. Institution of the Free economic society.
1767 - Decree prohibiting peasants from complaining about landlords.
1767 - 1768 - "Commission on the Code".
1768 - 1769 - "Koliivshchyna".
1768 - 1774 - Russian - Turkish war.
1771 - "Plague Riot" in Moscow.
1772 - The first partition of Poland.
1773 - 1775 - Peasant War led by E.I. Pugacheva.
1775 - Provincial reform. Manifesto on the freedom to organize industrial enterprises.
1783 - The annexation of the Crimea. Treaty of St. George on the protectorate of Russia over Eastern Georgia.
1783 - 1797 - Uprising of Srym Datov in Kazakhstan.
1785 - Certificate of honor to the nobility and cities.
1787 - 1791 - Russian - Turkish war.
1788 -1790 - Russian - Swedish war.
1790 - The publication of "Travels from St. Petersburg to Moscow" by AN, Radishchev.
1793 - Second partition of Poland.
1794 - The uprising in Poland led by T. Kosciuszko.
1795 - The third partition of Poland.
1796 - 1801 - The reign of Paul I.
1798 - 1800 - Mediterranean campaign of the Russian fleet under the command of F.F. Ushakov.
1799 - Suvorov's Italian and Swiss campaigns.
1801 - 1825 - Reign of Alexander I.
1803 - Decree "on free farmers".
1804 - 1813 - War with Iran.
1805 - Creation of an alliance of Russia with England and Austria against France.
1806 - 1812 - War with Turkey.
1806 - 1807 - Creation of an alliance with England and Prussia against France.
1807 - Peace of Tilsit.
1808 - War with Sweden. Accession of Finland.
1810 - Creation of the State Council.
1812 - The annexation of Bessarabia to Russia.
1812, June - The invasion of the Napoleonic army into Russia. The beginning of the Patriotic War. August 26 - Battle of Borodino. September 2 - abandonment of Moscow. December - The expulsion of the Napoleonic army from Russia.
1813 - Dagestan and part of Northern Azerbaijan annexed to Russia.
1813 - 1814 - Foreign campaigns of the Russian army.
1815 - Congress in Vienna. The Duchy of Warsaw is part of Russia.
1816 - Creation of the first secret organization of the Decembrists "Union of Salvation".
1819 - The uprising of military settlers in the city of Chuguev.
1819 - 1821 - A round-the-world expedition to Antarctica F.F. Bellingshausen.
1820 - Unrest of soldiers in the tsarist army. Creation of a "union of prosperity".
1821 - 1822 - Creation of the "Southern Secret Society" and "Northern Secret Society".
1825 - 1855 - The reign of Nicholas I.
1825, December 14 - The uprising of the Decembrists in the Senate Square.
1828 - Accession to Russia of Eastern Armenia and all of Northern Azerbaijan.
1830 - Military uprising in Sevastopol.
1831 - Uprising in Staraya Russa.
1843 - 1851 - Construction of a railway between Moscow and St. Petersburg.
1849 - Helping the Russian army to suppress the Hungarian uprising in Austria.
1853 - Creation of the Free Russian Printing House by Herzen in London.
1853 - 1856 - Crimean War.
1854 September - 1855 August - Defense of Sevastopol.
1855 - 1881 - The reign of Alexander II.
1856 - Treaty of Paris.
1858 - The Aigun Treaty on the border with China is signed.
1859 - 1861 - The revolutionary situation in Russia.
1860 - Beijing Treaty on the Border with China. Foundation of Vladivostok.
1861, February 19 - Manifesto on the emancipation of the peasants from serfdom.
1863 - 1864 - Uprising in Poland, Lithuania and Belarus.
1864 - The entire Caucasus became part of Russia. Zemskaya and judicial reforms.
1868 - The Kokand Khanate and the Bukhara Emirate recognize political dependence on Russia.
1870 - Reform of city government.
1873 - Khiva Khan recognized political dependence on Russia.
1874 - Introduction of universal conscription.
1876 - Liquidation of the Kokand Khanate. Creation of the secret revolutionary organization "Land and Freedom".
1877 - 1878 - Russian - Turkish war.
1878 - Treaty of San Stefano.
1879 - The split of "Land and Freedom". Creation of the "Black Redistribution".
1881, March 1 - Assassination of Alexander II.
1881 - 1894 - The reign of Alexander III.
1891 - 1893 - Conclusion of the Franco - Russian alliance.
1885 - Morozov strike.
1894 - 1917 - The reign of Nicholas II.
1900 - 1903 - Economic crisis.
1904 - Murder of Plehve.
1904 - 1905 - Russian - Japanese War.
1905, January 9 - "Bloody Sunday".
1905 - 1907 - The first Russian revolution.
1906, April 27 - July 8 - The First State Duma.
1906 - 1911 - Stolypin's agrarian reform.
1907, February 20 - June 2 - The Second State Duma.
1907, November 1 - 1912, June 9 - the Third State Duma.
1907 - Creation of the Entente.
1911, September 1 - Stolypin's assassination.
1913 - Celebration of the 300th anniversary of the Romanov dynasty.
1914 - 1918 - First World War.
1917, February 18 - A strike at the Putilov factory. March 1 - creation of the Provisional Government. March 2 - abdication of Nicholas II from the throne. June - July - a crisis of power. August - Kornilov revolt. September 1 - Russia is declared a republic. October - the seizure of power by the Bolsheviks.
1917, March 2 - Formation of the Provisional Government.
1917, March 3 - Abdication of Mikhail Alexandrovich.
1917, March 2 - Establishment of the Provisional Government.

Russian Republic and RSFSR

1918, July 17 - assassination of the deposed Emperor and the royal family.
1917, July 3 - The July actions of the Bolsheviks.
1917, July 24 - Announcement of the composition of the second coalition composition of the Provisional Government.
1917, August 12 - Convocation of the State Conference.
1917, September 1 - The declaration of Russia as a republic.
1917, September 20 - Formation of the Pre-Parliament.
1917, September 25 - The composition of the third coalition composition of the Provisional Government is announced.
1917, October 25 - Appeal of V. I. Lenin on the transfer of power to the Military Revolutionary Committee.
1917, October 26 - Arrest of members of the Provisional Government.
1917, October 26 - Decrees on Peace and Land.
1917, December 7 - Establishment of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission.
1918, January 5 - Opening of the Constituent Assembly.
1918 - 1922 - Civil War.
1918, March 3 - Peace of Brest.
1918, May - Uprising of the Czechoslovak Corps.
1919, November - Defeat of A.V. Kolchak.
1920, April - Transfer of power in the Volunteer Army from A.I. Denikin to P.N. Wrangel.
1920, November - The defeat of the army of P.N. Wrangel.

1921, March 18 - The signing of the Riga Peace Treaty with Poland.
1921 - X Congress of the Party, resolution "On the unity of the Party."
1921 - The beginning of the NEP.
1922, December 29 - Union Treaty.
1922 - "Philosophical parachute"
1924, January 21 - Death of V.I. Lenin
1924, January 31 - Constitution of the USSR.
1925 - XVI Party Congress
1925 - Adoption of the resolution of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) regarding the party's policy in the field of culture
1929 - Year of the "great turning point", the beginning of collectivization and industrialization
1932-1933 - Hunger
1933 - Recognition of the USSR by the United States
1934 - First Congress of Writers
1934 - XVII Party Congress ("Congress of the Winners")
1934 - Inclusion of the USSR in the League of Nations
1936 - Constitution of the USSR
1938 - Clash with Japan at Lake Hassan
1939, May - Clash with Japan near the Khalkhin-Gol River
1939, August 23 - Signing of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
1939, September 1 - The beginning of World War II
1939, September 17 - Invasion of Soviet troops into Poland
1939, September 28 - Signing of an agreement with Germany "On friendship and border"
1939, November 30 - The beginning of the war with Finland
1939, 14 December - Exclusion of the USSR from the League of Nations
1940, March 12 - Conclusion of a peace treaty with Finland
1941, April 13 - Signing of a non-aggression pact with Japan
1941, June 22 - The invasion of Germany and its allies in Soviet Union
1941, June 23 - The Headquarters of the High Command was formed
1941, June 28 - The capture of the city of Minsk by German troops
1941, June 30 - Establishment of the State Defense Committee (GKO)
1941, August 5-October 16 - Defense of Odessa
1941, September 8 - The beginning of the blockade of Leningrad
1941, September 29-October 1 - Moscow conference
1941, September 30 - The beginning of the implementation of the Typhoon plan
1941, December 5 - The beginning of the Soviet counteroffensive in the battle of Moscow

1941, December 5-6 - Defense of Sevastopol
1942, January 1 - Accession of the USSR to the Declaration of the United Nations
1942, May - The defeat of the Soviet army during the Kharkov operation
1942, July 17 - Beginning Battle of Stalingrad
1942, November 19-20 - The beginning of the implementation of Operation Uranus
1943, January 10 - Start of Operation Ring
1943, January 18 - The end of the blockade of Leningrad
1943, July 5 - The beginning of the Soviet counteroffensive in the Battle of the Kursk Bulge
1943, July 12 - The beginning of the Battle of the Kursk Bulge
1943, November 6 - Liberation of Kiev
1943, November 28-December 1 - Tehran Conference
1944, June 23-24 - The beginning of the Jassy-Chisinau operation
1944, August 20 - Operation Bagration begins
1945, January 12-14 - Beginning of the Vistula-Oder operation
1945, February 4-11 - Yalta Conference
1945, April 16-18 - Start of the Berlin operation
1945, April 18 - Capitulation of the Berlin garrison
1945, May 8 - Signing of the act of unconditional surrender of Germany
1945, July 17 - August 2 - Potsdam Conference
1945, August 8 - Announcement of the warriors of the USSR to Japan
1945, September 2 - The surrender of Japan.
1946 - Resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) "On the magazines" Zvezda "and" Leningrad ""
1949 - Testing of atomic weapons of the USSR. Leningrad business ". Test of Soviet nuclear weapons. Formation of the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic. 1949 Formation of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA).
1950-1953 - Korean War
1952 - XIX Party Congress
1952-1953 - "the doctors' case"
1953 - Test of the hydrogen weapon of the USSR
1953, March 5 - Death of I. V. Stalin
1955 - Formation of the Warsaw Pact Organization
1956 - XX Party Congress, debunking the personality cult of I. V. Stalin
1957 - Completion of construction of the nuclear-powered ship "Lenin"
1957 - Launch of the first satellite into space by the USSR
1957 - Establishment of Economic Councils
1961, April 12 - Yu.A. Gagarin's flight into space
1961 - XXII Party Congress
1961 - Kosygin reforms
1962 - Unrest in Novocherkassk
1964 - Removal of N. S. Khrushchev from the post of first secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU
1965 - Construction of the Berlin Wall
1968 - Introduction of Soviet troops to Czechoslovakia
1969 - Military clash between the USSR and China
1974 - Start of construction of BAM
1972 - A.I. Brodsky expelled from the USSR
1974 - A.I. Solzhenitsyn expelled from the USSR
1975 - Helsinki Agreement
1977 - New Constitution
1979 - Entry of Soviet troops into Afghanistan
1980-1981 - Political crisis in Poland.
1982-1984 - Management of the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU Yu.V. Andropova
1984-1985 - Leadership of the General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee K.U. Chernenko
1985-1991 - Management of the General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee M.S. Gorbachev
1988 - XIX Party Conference
1988 - The beginning of the armed conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan
1989 - Election of the Congress of People's Deputies
1989 - Withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan
1990 - Election of M.S.Gorbachev President of the USSR
1991, 19-22 August - Creation of the State Emergency Committee. Attempted coup
1991, August 24 - Mikhail Gorbachev resigns from the post of General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee (on August 29, the Russian parliament bans the activities of the Communist Party and seizes party property).
1991, December 8 - the Belovezhskaya agreement, the abolition of the USSR, the creation of the CIS.
1991, December 25 - M.S. Gorbachev resigns from the post of President of the USSR.

Russian Federation

1992 - The beginning of market reforms in the Russian Federation.
1993, September 21 - "Decree on gradual constitutional reform in the Russian Federation." The beginning of the political crisis.
1993, October 2-3 - clashes in Moscow between supporters of the parliamentary opposition and the police.
1993, October 4 - the seizure of the White House by military units, the arrest of A.V. Rutskoi and R.I. Khasbulatov.
1993, December 12 - Adoption of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Elections to the first State Duma of the Russian Federation for transition period(2 years).
1994, December 11 - The entry of Russian troops into Chechen Republic to establish "constitutional order".
1995 - Elections to the State Duma for 4 years.
1996 - Elections for the post of President of the Russian Federation. B.N. Yeltsin gains 54% of the vote and becomes President of the Russian Federation.
1996 - Signing of an interim agreement on the suspension of hostilities.
1997 - completion of the withdrawal of federal troops from Chechnya.
1998, August 17 - economic crisis in Russia, default.
1999, August - Chechen fighters invaded the mountainous regions of Dagestan. The beginning of the II Chechen campaign.
1999, December 31 - B.N. Yeltsin announced the early resignation of his powers as President of the Russian Federation and the appointment of V.V. Putin as the acting president of Russia.
2000, March - the election of V.V. Putin as the President of the Russian Federation.
2000, August - the sinking of the Kursk nuclear submarine. 117 crew members of the Kursk nuclear submarine were posthumously awarded the Order of Courage, the captain was posthumously awarded the Hero's Star.
2000, April 14 - The State Duma decided to ratify the Russian-American START-2 treaty. This treaty presupposes further reductions in the strategic offensive arms of both countries.
2000, May 7 - Official entry by V.V. Putin as President of the Russian Federation.
2000, May 17 - Approval of M.M. Kasyanov as the chairman of the government of the Russian Federation.
2000, August 8 - Terrorist act in Moscow - explosion in the underground passage of the Pushkinskaya metro station. 13 people were killed, one hundred were wounded.
2004, August 21-22 - A detachment of more than 200 militants invaded Grozny. For three hours they held the city center and killed more than 100 people.
2004, August 24 - In the skies over the Tula and Rostov regions, two passenger planes, taking off from the Moscow Domodedovo airport to Sochi and Volgograd, were simultaneously exploded. 90 people were killed.
2005, May 9 - Parade on Red Square on May 9, 2005 in honor of the 60th anniversary of Victory Day.
2005, August - Scandal with the beating of the children of Russian diplomats in Poland and the "retaliatory" beating of Poles in Moscow.
2005, November 1 - A successful test launch of the Topol-M missile with a new warhead was carried out from the Kapustin Yar test site in the Astrakhan region.
2006, January 1 - Municipal reform in Russia.
2006, March 12 - The First Unified Voting Day (change in the electoral legislation of the Russian Federation).
2006, July 10 - Chechen terrorist "number 1" Shamil Basayev was killed.
2006, October 10 Russian President Vladimir Putin and Federal Chancellor of Germany Angela Merkel unveiled a monument to Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky in Dresden by People's Artist of Russia Alexander Rukavishnikov.
2006, October 13 - Russian Vladimir Kramnik was proclaimed the absolute world chess champion after defeating Bulgarian Veselin Topalov in a match.
2007, January 1 - Krasnoyarsk region, Taimyr (Dolgano-Nenets) and Evenk Autonomous Okrugs merged into a single subject of the Russian Federation - Krasnoyarsk Territory.
2007, February 10 - President of Russia V.V. Putin pronounced the so-called. "Munich speech".
2007, May 17 - At the Moscow Cathedral of Christ the Savior, Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia Alexy II and First Hierarch of the ROCOR, Metropolitan of Eastern America and New York Laurus signed the "Act of Canonical Communion", a document that ended the division between the Russian Church Abroad and the Moscow Patriarchate.
2007, July 1 - Kamchatka region and Koryaksky autonomous region united in the Kamchatka Territory.
2007, August 13 - Accident of the train "Nevsky Express".
2007, September 12 - The government of Mikhail Fradkov resigned.
2007, September 14 - Viktor Zubkov is appointed the new Prime Minister of Russia.
2007, October 17 - The Russian national football team led by Guus Hiddink defeated the England national team with a score of 2: 1.
2007, December 2 - Elections to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the 5th convocation.
2007, December 10 - Dmitry Medvedev was nominated as a candidate for President of the Russian Federation from “ United Russia».
2008, March 2 - The elections of the third president of the Russian Federation have passed. Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev won.
2008, May 7 - Inauguration of the third President of the Russian Federation, Dmitry Medvedev.
2008, August 8 - In the zone of the Georgian-South Ossetian conflict, active fighting: Georgia stormed Tskhinvali, Russia officially joined the armed conflict on the side of South Ossetia.
2008, August 11 - Active hostilities began in the zone of the Georgian-South Ossetian conflict: Georgia stormed Tskhinvali, Russia officially joined the armed conflict on the side of South Ossetia.
2008, August 26 - Russian President Dmitry A. Medvedev signed a decree recognizing the independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia.
2008, September 14 - A Boeing 737 passenger plane crashed in Perm.
2008, December 5 - Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia Alexy II died. Temporarily the place of the Primate of the Russian Orthodox Church is occupied by the Locum Tenens of the Patriarchal throne, Metropolitan Kirill of Smolensk and Kaliningrad.
2009, January 1 - Unified state examination became mandatory throughout Russia.
2009, January 25-27 - Extraordinary Council of Bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church... The Local Council of the Russian Orthodox Church elected a new Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia. Cyril became it.
2009, February 1 - Entronization of the newly elected Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia Kirill.
2009, July 6-7 - US President Barack Obama's visit to Russia.